55 
a periodical ceremony ? 124. Have any persons familiar 
spirits P and what do they do for them ? 125. Have some 
or all men guardian-spirits who attend them ? 126. Is each 
man specially attended by a good or evil spirit ? 
Nature-Spirits. Worship of Plants and Animals. —127. Are 
there spirits especially attached to natural objects ? 128. Are 
there spirits of pools, wells, springs and streams, rapids and 
cataracts, &c. ? 129. Do they drown men ? 130. Are 
offerings given to them ? 131. Are there spirits of trees ? 
if so, are they like souls of the trees, or spirits who dwell in 
them ? 132. Are groves and woods favourite places of worship 
or sacrifice ? if so, is the worship given to tree-spirits or to 
deities who inhabit the forest ? 133. Are there special spirits 
of each tree, each wood, each kind of tree, or a god of the 
forest ? 134. Are any beasts worshipped ? 135. If so, are 
they creatures actually dangerous or powerful, as tigers or 
elephants, or many sorts of reptiles, birds, and beasts ? Are 
sacred animals incarnations of a deity, or under its protection ? 
136. Is it unlawful to eat them ? and to whom P 137. Are 
there tribes named after particular animals ? 138. Is such an 
animal considered to represent the ancestor, totem, or patron 
deity of the tribe ? 139. Are individuals of the tribe known 
by its name as a clan-name or totem ? 140. Has each species 
of animals a patron deity ? 
Polytheism and Monotheism. —141. What are the gods wor¬ 
shipped ? are any of them distinctly the great power of nature P 
142. Is there a heaven-god ? if so, is he the sky itself, or a 
being dwelling in or above it? or does he partake of both 
characters ? 143. Is there a rain-god ? 144. Is there a 
thunder-god ? 145. Are thunder and lightning considered the 
same or separate deities? 146. Are the winds considered 
deities, independent, or controlled by a wind-god? 147. Is 
there an earth-god P 148. Are there great river-gods, a sea - 
god, a water-god ? 149. A fire-god ? 150. A sun-god ? 
151. A moon-god? 152. Star-gods? 153. What special 
ceremonies are performed for these gods, such as turning to the 
east in sun-worship, worshipping the moon at new and full, 
&c. ? 154. What other great deities are known ? are there 
special deities concerned with agriculture, war, &c. ? is a 
divine ancestor of Man a god of the dead ? 155. Are there 
other deities of importance, whose natures are other than 
those mentioned, or whose character and functions are of a 
mixed kind, not easily accounted for? 156, Do any deities 
