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22. How do they change from the column of route to the line 
of battle ? 23. Are they courageous ? and are the young and 
the weak placed in front or in rear p 24. Have they any war- 
songs, cries, or dances ? 25. Have they any recognized cries or 
commands for moying to the right or left, advancing or re¬ 
treating in battle ? 26. Are any portion of the warriors kept 
in reserve ? and if so, at what distance, and in what numbers ? 
27. Have they any knowledge of turning an enemy’s flank ? 
28. Any regulated method of carrying, holding, or using their 
weapons ? 29. Do they rely chiefly on missile or hand-weapons ? 
and have they any special disposition for these arms ? 30. Do 
they employ noise as a means of encouragement, or do they 
preserve silence in combat ? 31. Do they stand and abuse the 
enemy before fighting, or boast of their warlike achievements ? 
32. Any knowledge of the advantages of ground or position in 
battle ? under what circumstances do they quit a masked wood 
or defile, and take to the open ? 33. Have they rallying-points 
in rear in case of defeat ? 34. Do they employ treachery, 
concealment, or ambush? and what is their usual mode of 
proceeding in this respect ? 35. Any superstitious customs or 
omens in connexion with war ? 36. Do they especially pre¬ 
serve chastity during or before war ? and is there any super¬ 
stition with respect to this custom ? 37. Do they make night- 
attacks ? 38. Any stratagems for concealing their trail from 
the enemy ? 39. Are dogs employed in war ? 40. Are the 
horses well reared, trained, and treated ? what is their speed 
and endurance ? give any details respecting farriery, mode of 
riding, &c. 41. Do they form alliances with other tribes ? and 
if so, to what extent do they act in concert, and under what 
leadership ? 42. Do personal combats take place between men 
of the same tribe ? and how are they conducted ? 
Weapons. —43. Describe minutely all the varieties of their 
war weapons. 44. Are the same weapons used in war and 
the chase, or as tools ? 45. Describe their defensive armour, 
and its capabilities for defending the body. 46. Are special 
weapons used by particular tribes ? 47. Do the weapons 
vary in the same tribe ? and what have been their varieties in 
times past ? 48. Do they use the amentum, the throwing- 
stick, or any other means of accelerating the flight of the 
javelin ? 49. Do they employ sinews, whalebone, or any other 
means of giving additional spring to the bow ? 50. Are the 
arrows furnished with a foreshaft of hard heavy wood, and tipped 
with stone, glass, bone, or metal? 51. Are feathers used with 
the arrows ? how many ? are they set on spirally, or are the 
