82 
coverings ever fastened down with large stones ? and is it 
probable the use of stone circles might have originated in 
this way, as has been suggested ? If there are special yurts 
used for summer and winter, describe their differences and 
idiosyncracies. 22. How are they moved from place to place ? 
and what is the distance generally moved in a day ? 23. What 
furniture do they contain P 24. Of the articles in use among 
them, which are home-made and which obtained by purchase 
or barter, and from whom ? 25. Do articles reach them from 
a considerable distance ? if so, by whafc way (ex. gr. Russian 
knives are found among the Esquimaux, close to the Great 
Fish River, Japanese things among the Kamskatki, &c.) ? 
26. Have they domestic gods ? if so, how are they arranged in 
the yurt or tent, and how carried about ? 27. What fuel is 
used ? 28. How are the animals killed ? are there any super¬ 
stitions in regard to the method of killing them? 29. Are 
there any superstitions about using water for washing and other 
purposes, such as exist among the Mongols, who hold it sacred, 
and will not pollute it ? 30. Note especially any particulars 
in which the tribe resembles some other tribe known to the 
inquirer, however distant. 31. How are the dead buried 
during the period of migration ? and what burial-customs are 
induced by the nomadic habits of the people ? 32. What arts 
are promoted, and what discouraged by nomadic life ? 33. 
What are the particular institutions and customs which owe 
their origin to the necessities of nomads ? 34. To what extent 
do cattle-lifting and the other concomitants of pastoral life 
promote war ? 35. What particular weapons, tools, or other 
implements or contrivances may be regarded as characteristic 
of nomads ? 36. What sanitary arrangements are in force in 
their camps ? how are the latrines managed ? 37. What 
precautions are taken to protect the animals from wild beasts ? 
38. What is the nature of their dealings with the tribes met 
with on their j ourneys ? 39. What is the military organization 
induced by nomadic life ? and what is the nature of their tem¬ 
porary defences ? (See XLII.) 40. Do they work in metals P 
if so, describe the apparatus employed and the objects fabri¬ 
cated, and state whence the ores are procured. 41. Is the 
use of stone or bone implements in any case necessitated by 
nomadic life? 42. Describe the mode of catching the ani¬ 
mals, and driving and herding the flocks. Is the lasso used ? 
43. How is wheat ground upon the line of march ? 44. De¬ 
scribe anv temporary ovens and cooking-places employed. 
(See XXIV.) ^ 
