104 
3. Whether, in the former case, the pressure is applied both 
in front and behind, or on either aspect singly, and how it is 
effected. 
4. In the latter case, whether the elongation be upwards or 
backwards. 
5. In both cases the length of time during which the pressure 
&c. is continued. 
6. Although the concurrent testimony of almost all recent 
observers would tend to show that deformation of the skull has 
no effect upon the moral, intellectual, or perceptive faculties, 
this is a point still worthy attention. 
7. It should be ascertained whether in any given race the 
practice of deforming the head is general or whether it is con¬ 
fined to one or the other sex, or to any particular rank or sta¬ 
tion. And so far as may be possible the reasons assigned for 
the practice should be noted. 
8. In view of the very probable assumption that the deformity 
is intended to magnify, as it were, the natural characteristic form 
of the skull, it should be observed whether the natural indige¬ 
nous form is rounded or elongated , broad or narrow , high or loiVo 
To explain this more fully it may be remarked that, though 
all skulls are naturally symmetrical and have uniformly rounded 
curved contours, they differ very considerably in the proportions 
of their length or antero-posterior dimension and their breadth 
or transverse direction, and in a less degree as regards their ver¬ 
tical height. 
Human skulls have been arranged in two principal classes or 
categories according to the different proportions of these dimen¬ 
sions. These are:— 
9. The hr achy cephalic , or short skulls (fig. 1), in which the 
proportion of breadth to length regarded as unity is as 800 to 
1000 or above. 
