121 
and is used at tlie present time on the west coast of Africa? 
where it is an exception to the prevailing geometrical ornamen¬ 
tation of the African continent. The continuous coil ornament 
developed into the wave pattern and into the fret? which is used 
in Europe? China? and Peru? and in a modified form is still seen 
in the designs from South America and Marquesas. On the 
other hand? the ornamentation of the New Irelanders may he 
taken as an instance of the third class of ornamentation? con¬ 
sisting of an infinite variety of patterns? all derived from the 
representation of a human face ; or that of the north-west coast 
of America? where patterns derived from the head and beak of 
the albatros monopolize the entire system of ornamentation 
amongst the Ahts and neighbouring tribes. In order to trace 
the history of the patterns? it is desirable that travellers should 
delineate as accurately as possible all the varieties of ornamental 
design amongst the races visited? especially those by which a 
sequence can be determined. Instances in which forms origi¬ 
nally serving a useful purpose have survived in ornamentation 
are extremely common; such as? the binding of a spear or 
arrow-head represented by painted spirals? representations of 
strings used to carry vessels? or the parts of an extinct form of 
weapon or tool retained in the ornamentation of those which 
succeeded it. These should be figured wherever they are found? 
and their origin shown? as they afford useful links in tracing 
the development of the arts. 
The following are some of the principal forms of ornamen¬ 
tation employed by savages :— 
1. Circular dots or punch-marks 
O O O O o 
O O O O O 
O O O O o 
O Q o O © 
2. Elliptical punch-marks 
3. Bands __; 
4. Chevrons \/%/\/ 
5. Herring-bone ^|||| 
o. Parallel incised lines 
7. Cross lines or chequer 
8. Crosses c 
hhuh 
OMMM 
* 
