ARRIVAL AT KAPAPALA. 217 
olivine, the different strata lying in a direction 
gently inclined towards the sea. 
The land, though very good, was but partially 
cultivated, till we came to Kaaraara, where we 
passed through large fields of taro and potatoes, 
with sugar-cane and plantains growing very luxu¬ 
riantly. Maruae, the chief of the place, came 
down to the road-side as we passed by, and asked 
us to stay for the night at his house; but as 
Kapapala was only four miles distant, we thought 
we could reach it before dark, and therefore 
thanked him, and proposed to walk on. As our 
boys were tired with their bundles, we asked him 
to allow a man to carry them to Kapapala. He 
immediately ordered one to go with us, and we 
passed on through a continued succession of plan¬ 
tations, in a high state of cultivation. 
During the whole of the time we had been tra¬ 
velling on the high land, we had perceived a num¬ 
ber of columns of smoke and vapour, rising at a 
considerable distance, and also one large steady 
column, that seemed little affected by the wind; 
and this, we were informed, arose from the great 
crater at Kirauea. The smaller columns were 
emitted at irregular intervals of several seconds 
between each. On inquiry we learned, that they 
arose from deep chasms in the earth, and were 
accompanied by a hot and sulphureous vapour. 
About seven o’clock in the evening we reached 
Kapapala, and directed our weary steps to the 
house of Tapuahi, the head man. He kindly bade 
us welcome, spread a mat in the front of his house, 
for us to sit down upon, and brought us a most 
agreeable beverage, a calabash full of good cool 
fresh water. 
The thermometer at sunset stood at 70°, and 
