APPENDIX. 
463 
throughout Eastern Polynesia and the Asiatic Archipelago. Some 
of the words are said to be identical with the Sanscrit, others 
with the Hebrew and Arabic, which, without affording grounds 
for concluding that the language was derived from either of these, 
would seem to warrant the inference that it is not of modern 
origin. 
Many words are found in two of these languages, and not in 
the third. Thus some words in Malagasy are identical with 
those in Polynesia, but are not found in the Asiatic Archipelago; 
and the same occurs in the agreement between the two latter, as 
in the word vai or tvai, ayer , signifying water, which are com¬ 
mon to the Malayan and Polynesian, but are unknown in Mada¬ 
gascar,where the name for water is rano ; but in one or more of the 
islands of the Archipelago, dano and rano signifies water. In other 
instances, the identity is more evident in words common to the 
Archipelago and Madagascar, but unknown in the other languages, 
as in orang and olona , the word for man: masin , also, is the word 
for salt in both these languages. But the most conclusive evi¬ 
dence of identity is found in the numerals, which, with but few 
exceptions and exceedingly slight variations, prevail throughout 
the whole range of the language. This will appear by glancing 
over the subjoined lists, two of which are from the Asiatic 
Archipelago, one from Madagascar, and the other from Eastern 
Polynesia. 
English. 
Malay . 
Nias. 
Malagasy. 
Tahitian. 
one 
sata 
sara 
isa 
tahi. 
two 
dua 
dua 
roa* 
rua. 
three 
tiga 
tula 
telo 
toru. 
four 
am pat 
ufa 
efatra 
maha. 
five 
lima 
lima 
dimy 
rima. 
six 
anam 
unu and 
ano enina 
ono. 
seven 
tujuh 
fitu 
fitu 
hitu. 
eight 
dilapa 
walu 
valo 
varu. 
nine 
simbelan 
Suva 
sivy 
iva. 
ten 
pulu 
fulu 
folo 
hum. 
Traces of the numerals and other parts of this language also 
* The o in all Malagasy words is pronounced as u. 
