PIERINiE, 
103 
Fig. 1, PI. XIII is from a $ taken in May ; Fig. 2 of the same plate from a $ also taken 
in May. 
Egg, yellow or pale orange, very small compared to the size of the butterfly ; spindle— 
or rather flask-shaped, moulded longitudinally, each moulding milled like a coin ; the egg is large 
in diameter at the base and narrows quickly towards the top. Laid singly, often high up, on 
young leaf-shoots or buds of the foodplant of the larva, Dalbergia benthami , Prain, Nat. Ord. 
Leguminosce , a straggling half-climbing shrub, or woody climber festooning trees and bushes, and 
often of great length ; only known from China. At the season when the larvae are feeding the 
leaves are very shiny, soft and of a bright yellow-green, but afterwards they become coriaceous, 
and of a very dark green. The flowers are sweet-scented. 
Larva, just hatched, pale yellow. Fullgrown, general colour bright yellowish-green, 
irrorated with black and slightly pubescent with very short whitish stubble. Body ridged 
transversely on the upper surface, each ridge bearing, on the dorsal surface, minute black tubercles, 
with a very short whitish bristle at the top—hence the irrorated appearance. Laterally, each side 
above the legs, is bright yellowish, merging upwards into the body-green, and bordered below with 
dark green, fading into the green of the underside. Legs, prolegs and underside green. Head 
green, with short white hairs or stubble. Anterior segments very slightly swollen, as in larvae of 
Ixtas , Hebomoia , etc. The larvae rest on the upperside of the leaves, and are sluggish in their 
movements. 
Pupa, smooth but sub-angular, head produced into a beak. General colour light green, 
the wing and dorsal ridges marked with a line of darker green. Attached by the tip of the 
abdomen, with a girdle round the middle. The larvae pupate at various angles, sometimes head 
upwards and often the reverse. The larva and pupa will be figured later in black-and-white. The 
pupa is small compared with the dimensions of the butterfly. 
Pieris (Ganoris) canidia, sparrmann 
One of the two “ Whites ” which are very common here, and this species is on the wing 
in more or less numbers throughout the year, but exceedingly numerous in the spring months. 
It generally has rather a feeble flight, compared to most of the butterflies here, and recalls the 
“Cabbage” butterflies so common at home, whose larvae work such havoc with cabbage and other 
vegetable garden produce.* The larva of P. canidia is, so far as I am aware, the only butterfly 
larva here which damages vegetables and is a pest in market-gardens. This insect is one of the 
few butterflies which habitually feeds at the flowers of the foodplants of its larva, and it may 
generally be seen there in abundance, even in rough, rainy weather, large patches of the vegetables 
being allowed to run to flower and seed in Chinese gardens. 
P. canidia in the dry form has usually more black on the forewing upperside, and the 
yellow or ochreous colour of the underside is also rather darker than in the wet form ; the sexes 
are much alike, but the two roundish black spots on the forewing of the L distinct on the under- 
* P, canidia seema to me a mere race of P. rapee, the “ Small Garden White” at home. 
