112 
PAPILIONINAL 
Egg, globular, smooth, yellowish, laid on the upperside of leaves and shoots of 
Litscea sebifera> Pers., Nat. Ord. Laurinece> a very common shrub or small tree in this district, 
the foodplant of the larva, nor have I ever found it on any other plant, though the larvae of nearly 
all the Papilionince occurring here will at times feed on orange. The larva is also an exception 
in colouring to most of the larvae of this Family, being very conspicuous as it rests on the upperside 
of the leaves, whilst the pupa differs entirely in shape from the usual type. 
Larva, figured on PI. 4a, Fig. 3, pupa Fig. 4. The young larvae are easily distinguishable 
from those of other species, much resembling the fullgrown larvae but that the yellow is more of an 
orange tint: the dark parts are black ; the crimson spots, however, do not develop till the larva is 
about half-grown ; before this the spots are yellow, like the patches on the body. The black, 
pliable processes on the back are quite distinct in the young larva. Nor does the larva of any other 
Papilio here appear to feed on Litsea sebifera. Just after each^ moult the dark parts of the larva 
have a curious mottled appearance, but soon resume the normal purple-black tint. 
The cylindrical pupa is flattened on the upperside of the last abdominal segments, forming 
a broad support at an angle, and the tip is very firmly attached to the branch or twig by a tangle of 
black filaments. The girdle round the middle is in places enclosed by the chitinous envelope of 
the pupa, as the loop is embedded in an articulation of two segments during pupation ; so that the 
pupa appears to be supported by a black thread each side. I have never seen this pupa any other 
colours but varying shades of brown, ochreous and whitish—very much like a piece of bark or stick. 
The nuchal horn of the larva is bluish-gray. 
Papilio antiphates, Cram. 
A very common insect, with a rapid, wild and often high flight, but it is only on the wing 
in numbers at certain periods : in the intervals scarcely a specimen will be seen. It is a beautiful 
creature when just emerged in the morning, but by evening its headlong flight over and through 
thick jungle has usually robbed it of part at least of the long, slender tails, and in two or three 
days it is reduced to a very ragged condition. The larvae seem often to pupate in early summer 
and remain in the pupal state till the next spring, for I have bred many larvae which pupated in 
June, the butterflies not emerging till the following March or April. I am not aware of this being 
the case with any other butterflies here. P. antiphates is most numerous in the spring and 
autumn months. 
Fig. 7, PI. XI is from a $ taken in April, but the sexes are alike. 
Egg, globular, smooth, yellowish ; laid on young leaves and shoots of Uvaria 
microcarpa , Champ., Nat. Ord. Anonacece , a very common shrub here, with a rather large dark 
red, waxy and thick-petaled flower, the foodplant of the larva which, however, will also feed on 
orange. 
Larva, figured on PI. 4a, Fig. 5, pupa Fig. 6. The young stage of the larva is shown 
below on the same plate. The pupa is apparently always green in general colour. 
