8 
researches in connection with questions of Development and 
Decay, the adults examined should be between the ages of 
twenty and fifty years, or, still better, between twenty-five 
and forty-five years. They should not be picked out for 
their size or beauty, but taken indiscriminately with the view 
of getting a truly representative series of observations. 
The Schedule of Observations, consisting of a series of 
descriptive characters and measurements, which has been 
drawn up with the object of enabling the traveller to 
examine the external characters of the human body in a 
systematic manner, is chiefly based upon Dr. Topinard’s 
“Instructions” j but includes also, as far as possible, the 
views of other Anthropologists. 
J. G. G. 
No. III.—INSTRUMENTS. 
The instruments required for the measurements scheduled 
in the subsequent pages are few in number and very port¬ 
able : indeed, if occasion requires, most of them can be 
improvised on the spot, though measurements with such 
are not so accurate as when proper instruments are used, 
hence the traveller is recommended to equip himself before 
starting on his journey. 
The Traveller's Anthropometer , manufactured by Aston 
& Mander of 25, Old Compton Street, London, after my 
design, is perhaps the most compact and comprehensive 
instrument the traveller can procure. With it and a measur¬ 
ings tape all the measurements contained in the schedule 
may be made. It consists of a graduated stem, PI. I, fig. 1, A, 
2 metres long, jointed in three pieces, with a sliding arm, D E, 
and one which may be fixed at the zero end of the stem, B C. 
The one extremity of each arm is curved so as to form callipers 
the exact pattern of Flower’s Craniometer, while the rest of 
the arm is straight, and terminates in a point. The stem 
being held vertically, as indicated in fig. 2, the arms, B and 
D, slide horizontally in their carriers, C and E, which fit on 
the stem, A, and can be lengthened or shortened in respect 
to their projection on either side of the stem. The arm, D E, 
