34 
the middle line between the internal ends of the two supra¬ 
orbital ridges, i.e., between the internal ends of the eye¬ 
brows of the living) to the most prominent part of occiput 
behind in the middle line. 
2. Maximum Trarisverse breadth. —Measured wherever it 
may be, except on the mastoid processes behind the auditory 
meatus, transversely to the length. Care must be taken to 
hold the instrument perfectly horizontal, so that its points 
are on the same level. 
3. Minimwn Frontal breadth .—Measured across the 
narrowest part of the forehead on the lateral ridges of the 
frontal bone. 
4. Heights —Measured from the basion (anterior edge of 
the foramen magnum) to the bregma (the point on the vertex 
where the frontal and interparietal sutures meet). 
5. Horizontal Circumference. —Measured with the tape 
immediately above the superciliary ridges and over the most 
prominent part of the occiput. 
6. Antero-posterior curve— Measured from thenasion (the 
point at the root of the nose where the suture between the 
nasal bones ends at their junction with the frontal bone) 
over the glabella, bregma, occiput, and foramen magnum to 
the basion. 
7. Basio-nasial length. —Measured from the basion to the 
nasion (the junction of the nasal bones with the frontal), in 
a direct line. 
This measurement, added to the previous one, gives the 
antero-posterior circumference of the brain case. 
8. Basio-alveolar length. —Also a direct radius from the 
basion to the alveolar point (the most prominent point of the 
alveolar border of the upper jaw, between and a little anterior 
to the roots of the two central incisor teeth). 
9. Bizygomatic b 7 xadth. —The distance between the external 
surfaces of the zygomatic arches at each side of the face. 
10. Bigo 7 iial breadth. —The distance between the external 
surfaces at the angles of the lower jaw. 
11. Nasio- 7 ne 7 ital length. —The direct distance from the 
nasion to the under surface of the lower jaw in the middle line. 
