50 
(c) the points, if any, derived preferentially from either 
race or sex. 
The following is M. Broca’s method of indicating the racial 
position of mongrels or mestizos :— 
Pure Races.A and B [(Mulatto). 
First Cross. AB Mestizo of first blood. 
First Return Cross \ A , B or B ,- A Do of seC ond blood. 
(Quadroon) J 
Se (Octoro e o t n) rnCr ° SS } A " B or B ' A Do. of third blood. 
Third Return Cross A‘B or B 4 A Do. of fourth blood. 
Return to pure race A or B . 
The offspring of an octoroon and a mulatto, for example, 
would be designated thus, A 3 B+AB ; and the same principle 
would be applied to cases where three races were crossed. 
Another and a simpler, and perhaps preferable, method, 
consists in indicating the shares of the several races by 
fractions. Thus the result of a union between a quadroon 
and a zambo (half negro, half Indian) would be represented 
thus, At Bf Ci, a quadroon being AJ Bi, a zambo B| C 
i. Are connexions between the races under consideration 
likely to be frequent ? 2. Is the mulatto or mongrel popu¬ 
lation numerous in proportion to the supposed number of 
unions ? 3. Are individuals of the two races more or less, 
fruitful in their unions among themselves than in crossed 
unions ? (The Polynesians are said to be less so, the Austra¬ 
lians much more so ; but the latter, probably,, usually destroy 
the mulatto infants.) 4. Are inverse crosses (male of inferior 
with female of superior race) equally fruitful with direct 
ones ? Are the children of the first cross as strong, viable, 
and long-lived as those of pure blood in the same country? 
and do they yield as few examples of blindness, idiocy, &c. ? 
6. What is the relative degree of their fruitfulness among 
themselves and in their crosses with the pure blood ? 7. Do 
they continue fruitful among themselves,, without being re- 
