54 
arises from incapacity or from the influence of acquired habits, 
customs, and modes of thought which are antagonistic to 
progress. Particular notice should therefore be taken, on the 
one hand, of the effect of European customs when introduced 
amongst savages and exposed to contact with native sur¬ 
roundings ; and, on the other hand, of the influence of culture 
upon natives of the same race who have been removed at an 
early age from native surroundings and brought up in 
European schools. It is to the latter that the following- 
questions chiefly refer :— 
i. Are they precocious or otherwise? 2. If the former, is 
intelligence maintained ? or is there any definite age, or level 
of attainments, at which Europeans habitually excel them ? 
3. Is the memory generally good or only in particular 
branches ? and if the latter, is it shown in matters in which 
the intellects of their parents have been cultivated in the 
savage state (see Heredity, p. 47)? 4. Do they show per¬ 
severance in their studies ? 5. As compared with Europeans, 
are they proficient in :— (a) arithmetic, (b) languages, (c) 
drawing, (d) reading, (e) science, (/) religion, (g) trade, (h) 
mechanics? 6. Are they honest ? 7. Truthful? 8. Affec¬ 
tionate? 9. Courageous? 10. Have they good powers of 
reasoning? 11. Generalizing? 12. After being educated 
do they evince a desire to return to the savage state ? 13. 
In the construction of their tools, weapons and other arts, 
do they appear to act automatically or with intelligence? 
14. Do they show strong power of will? 15. Imagination? 
16. Is the speech voluble? 17. In conversation, drawing, 
&c., do the same ideas constantly repeat themselves? 18. 
Are they subject to strong emotions? 19. Illusions? 20. 
Much affected by dreams ? 21. Somnambulism ? 22. Uncon¬ 
scious cerebration ? 23. Trances? 24. Insanity? (seep. 82.) 
J. B. 
C—PATHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 
(See Medical Sections, Nos. IV, V, and VI.) 
