94 
34 - Are marks or patterns found more commonly on the 
face, chest, shoulders, arms, stomach, thighs, or back ? 35. In 
the case of women, are there any patterns about the mouth, 
breasts, or abdomen ? 36. Or on the tip of the tongue, as 
observed by Captain Cook in the Sandwich Islands ? 37. Or 
under the armpit ? 38. Does the custom appear to have 
prevailed from remote times? 39, Do any marks appear to 
be personal, i.e., peculiar to or distinctive of the individual 
tattooed? 40. Do the marks appear to be in imitation of 
necklaces, armlets, or other articles of dress or ornament ? 
41. In the case of women, are any marks said to be tokens 
of marriage ? 42. Are they regarded as charms to ward off 
danger generally ? 43. Or as marks of religious dedication ? 
44. Are the idols or statues of a country ornamented with 
patterns of the same or a similar character ? 45. In the case 
Of young men and women, are the marks or patterns sup¬ 
posed to improve their appearance ? 46. Mention especially 
any instances of the use of a chequered pattern on the fore¬ 
head or elsewhere. 47. Do women tattoo their own sex? 
48. Are additional marks added in after years ? 49. Is it the 
case that very dark races adopt incision and cicatrices only ? 
50. Are raised scars made by producing “ proud flesh? 
51. Is the colour very generally blue or of a bluish tint? 
52. When the body is painted, is it in addition to tattooing? 
53. When, paint is used instead of or in addition to tattooing, 
is it usually red ? 54. When any particular colour in univer¬ 
sally employed, is it because the pigment is easily procurable 
in the country? 55. Is it the custom to paint the body in 
broadbands of colour ? 56. Is there any instance of children 
being marked with a black pigment except at Mocha ? 
57. Do any tribes paint their skin black on the death of the 
chief, like the natives of South Alaska? 58. Or use that 
colour generally as a sign of mourning ? 59. Is the tattoo- 
mark of the individual ever engraved or painted upon his 
tombstone, or upon objects belonging to him ? 60. Are the 
tattooed or painted designs related to totemism or exogamy ? 
J. P. H 
