167 
those strings which are played upon : the sympathetic strings 
merely serve to increase the sonorousness) ? 36 a. To what 
order of intervals are the sympathetic strings tuned ? They 
will be found to vary, and in India are tuned to the inter¬ 
vals of the Raga, or melody type, employed at the time. 
37. What are the musical intervals in which the stringed 
instruments are tuned ? 38. Describe, and give the native 
name of, each instrument, with illustrations or photographs 
on as large a scale as possible : these should show the front, 
details of fret, bridge, tailpiece, &c., as well as the side view. 
39. Give some account of the woods, metals, hide, gut, hair, 
and other materials used ; of their tools, &c. 40. What are 
the usual adornments and appendages of the musical instru¬ 
ments ? 
Compositions. —41. On what order of intervals is the music 
of the people founded ? Is it the diatonic major scale (like 
c, d, e, f g, a , by c\ or the diatonic minor scale (in which the 
third is flat, thus c, d, e plat, f g, a, by c), or the pentatonic 
scale (in which the fourth and the seventh are omitted, thus 
Cy dy ey gy ciy c)y or some other order of intervals ? 42. Is the 
seventh used sharp (c-b) or flat (c-b flat ) ? 43. Does the 
superfluous second occur in the scale ? (In the example c, d , 
e flaty f sharpy gy a flaty by r, the steps from the third to the 
fourth and from the sixth to the seventh are superfluous 
seconds.) 44. Does the music contain progressions in semi¬ 
tones or chromatic intervals ? 45. Are there smaller intervals 
than semitones, such as \ tones, J tones ? If you have 
sufficient technical knowledge, describe how the temperament 
employed differs from equal, or mean temperament, or just 
intonation. State how you arrive at conclusions. 46. Are 
there peculiar progressions in certain intervals which are of 
frequent occurrence in the tunes ? if so, what are they ? 47. Do 
the tunes usually conclude in the tonic (the key-note, or the 
first interval of the scale) ? or if not, on what other interval ? 
48. Do the tunes contain modulations from one key into 
another ? if so, describe the usual modulations. 49. Are 
there certain rhythmical peculiarities predominant in the 
