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war ? and how is war proclaimed—by heralds or others ? 
7. How are war-councils composed ? 
Discipline. —8. How are the leaders appointed ? 9. Are 
they identical with civil governors, priests, and doctors ? 10. 
Have they any distinctions of dress (give drawings) ? 11. Are 
they the strongest and most courageous ? 12. Have they any 
subordinate leaders, and how are they appointed ? 13. Have 
they any rewards for warlike achievements, or punishments 
for offences in war? 14. Is the religion conducive to war¬ 
like prowess? 15. Have the chiefs any aids, or runners, or 
criers, to carry messages ? and what authority do these 
possess ? 
Tactics. —16. Do warlike expeditions set out by word of 
command ? 17. How is the march of a party conducted ? do 
they move in a body or in detached parties, with a broad 
front or in column? 18. Do they send forward advanced 
parties, or parties to guard the flanks ? 19. Any specific 
order or custom with respect to encampments on the line of 
march ? by whom are the encampments regulated ? how are 
the horses tethered ? any orders as to fires ? how are the huts 
and tents made and placed ? 20. Are battles planned before¬ 
hand ? 21. Have they any disposition or order of battle ? do 
they stand in closed or open files, and how many deep, in 
line or in disorder ? and how many under the command of 
one voice ? do they keep step ? how do cavalry and infantry 
support each other when these exist ? how are the camp- 
followers and baggage disposed of? 22. How do they change 
from the column of route to the line of battle ? 23. Are they 
courageous ? and are the young and the weak placed in front 
or in rear ? 24. Have they any war-songs, cries, or dances ? 
25. Have they any recognized cries or commands for moving 
to the right or left, advancing or retreating in battle ? 26. 
Are any portion of the warriors kept in reserve, and if so, 
at what distance, and in what number ? 27. Have they any 
knowledge of turning an enemy’s flank ? 28. Any regulated 
method of carrying, holding, or using their weapons ? 29. Do 
they rely chiefly on missile or hand-weapons ? and have they 
any special disposition for these arms ? 30. Do they employ 
