PLANE TABLE SURVEYING, 109 
a waterproof case into which he can slip the plane table in the event of 
heavy rain. 
From each station draw in the features of the ground around it as far 
as you are able. Eough sketches, made in a sketch-book, will help to 
complete the drawing, and the work from other stations, when you have 
obtained the rays from them. 
A pocket (or box) sextant is a valuable adjunct for plane-tabling, as in 
certain cases the objects may be so crowded in one direction as to confuse 
the rays if they are all drawn on the board. Angles measured and 
recorded in a note-book can be plotted hereafter when working up the 
plan in the tent. 
The scale on which to work must depend entirely on the nature of the 
country, and the objects in view. For a small tract of country, with 
much detail, one inch to the mile is good. For more extended areas 
two or four miles, or even more, to the inch is sufficient. 
Method of Making Eoute Surveys through Jungle or Forest, 
or on a Steep Hillside. 
By the late General E. G. Woodthorpe, E.E. 
In speaking of this method of surveying, the late General Woodthorpe 
says:—“I first adopted it in 1871-72, during the preliminary recon¬ 
naissances in the Garo Hills Expedition, when the nature of the country 
passed through prevented any stepping off the path, and the hostility of 
the Garos prevented any lagging behind. The method was as follows: 
Just before starting on the day's march, I compared the direction of my 
shadow with each of a round of bearings taken with a prismatic compass; 
and on starting, I took the general direction of the road with the 
compass, and rays to any known points. During the march also, any 
great changes in the direction of the road were taken with the compass, 
but all minor changes of direction I obtained by watching my own 
shadow when the sun was behind me, and the shadow of a man in front 
when the sun was before me; and whenever a halt was made, I checked 
the bearings of my shadow anew, to find the variation due to the sun's 
motion during the day. 
“ A little practice soon renders one very independent of the compass 
