PHOTOGRAPHY. 
61 
and as proof that all the apparatus is in order. The following list 
comprises all that is absolutely required for developing 8 or 10 dozen 
gelatine plates:—Three papier-mache dishes, two 3-ounce glass measures, 
three 6-ounce bottles, containing strong solutions of pyrogallic acid, 
potassium bromide, and ammonia respectively, 1 lb. hyposulphite of soda, 
and i lb. alum, both in crystals, 4 or 5 feet of indiarubber tubing and a 
spring clip, to make a syphon for a water supply from a jug or can, 
a basin or tub to serve as a sink, a folding rack for draining the 
plates. 
There is a very convenient new developing agent in the market called 
Eikonogen, sold in tubes, and may be used as follows:—Break the tube 
over a sheet of paper, empty completely both halves by means of pressing 
the tube between the fingers, withdraw the small pieces of wadding 
falling therefrom and put the whole quantity of the powder in a bottle 
containing 100 cubic-centimetres (3j ounces) distilled water. (Rain-water 
or soft pump-water may also be used.) After being shaken from 3 to 5 
minutes, the powder will dissolve, and the developer is then ready for 
use. If the plates are over-exposed, increase the quantity of water from 
150 to 200 cubic-centimetres, and, if necessary, add a few drops of a 
solution of bromide of potassium (1 : 10). The developer may be used 
several times. There are also a number of other developers made up in 
cartridge form, each cartridge containing all the ingredients necessary for 
the process of development. 
The traveller is recommended for advanced study of photography, 
such works as that by Captain Abney or by W. K. Burton, which may be 
had from any photographic dealer’s. 
The aim of the traveller-photographer should be the production of good 
negatives. It often requires years of study on the part of professional 
operators (with advantages impossible to the traveller) before thoroughly 
good negatives are habitually produced; and it must not be supposed 
that a person taking up photography for the first time, in a few hurried 
moments before departure on a journey, will attain other than very 
unsatisfactory results. 
The operations necessary for taking a picture are briefly as follows :— 
Having selected the position from which the view is to be taken (for 
valuable hints as to the artistic production of pictures see Robinson’s 
4 Pictorial Effect in Photography ’), the tripod stand is first set up, and 
