186 
HINTS TO TRAVELLERS. 
soda, of which fifteen grains should be given every six hours. The joints 
should, at the same time, be kept wrapped up in cotton wool, covered with 
oiled silk and a flannel bandage. This treatment will nearly always 
correct the acute symptoms in two or three days. If the symptoms 
subside sooner, the quantity of the salicylate should be diminished; if 
there is delirium, the dose must be lessened at once, for many people are 
very susceptible to salicylates and are easily affected by them, the 
delirium being characteristic. Dover’s powder may be given to relieve 
pain, and to secure sleep. 
Chronic rheumatism— In this disease there is chronic pain and tender¬ 
ness of the joints, without fever. 
Treatment .—Bicarbonate of potash and salicylate of soda, each in five- 
grain doses, should be given every eight hours. Painful joints may be 
painted with tincture of iodine, rubbed with turpentine liniment, or 
bathed with hot water. The bowels should be kept well open, and 
alcohol and much meat avoided. 
Faintness. 
Bending the head firmly down between the knees is the best and 
most rapid way of dealing with an attack. Another method is to lie the 
patient on a couch, bathe his face and arms with cold water, and fan him 
vigorously. Give three grains of carbonate of ammonia in an ounce of 
water. Alcohol may be given if the pulse is very weak, but sal volatile 
or carbonate of ammonia is more efficacious. 
Sunstroke. 
This is a dangerous affection, but is not so common in the tropics as is 
generally supposed. It may be caused either by direct exposure to the 
sun, or exposure to a superheated atmosphere. It must he guarded 
against when the surrounding temperature exceeds that of the normal 
temperature of the body, i.e., 98*4° F. During the nine years the author 
spent in Nigeria very few cases were noted. 
Symptoms .—In a large proportion of cases warning symptoms are 
present, such as giddiness, headache, sickness, heat and dryness of the 
skin, bloodshot eyes, and frequent desire to pass water. In these cases 
