232 
HINTS TO TRAVELLERS. 
Cascara sagrada , extract of .—Dose, two to six grains. Is a valuable 
aperient, especially in chronic constipation. Cascara tabloids, two 
grains each, are convenient, and one or two should be taken at night. 
Castor oil. —Dose, one to three tablespoonfuls. It is a good aperient, 
but is not very convenient for the traveller, as it takes up much space, 
which could be better used for aperients which are not so bulky, e.g. y 
calomel or cascara. 
Note.— The seeds of the castor oil plant should not be eaten, as they 
are poisonous. 
Chinosol is a drug which has many of the advantages of carbolic acid 
without its poisonous or caustic properties. It is so generally useful 
that, at any rate for explorers, it will largely replace carbolic acid. It is 
antiseptic and disinfectant in its action, can he used as a mouth wash or 
gargle for sore gums and ulcerated throats; it makes a good lotion for 
washing the hands, instruments, or wounds, and may be syringed into 
fresh wounds and into chronic ulcers. 
It is put up in the “soloid” form by Burroughs, Wellcome & Co., 
each soloid weighing eight and three quarter grains, and the strength 
of the solutions here given are calculated strictly from this weight. 
One soloid dissolved in a pint of water makes a solution of 1 in 1000 
(equal to about 1 in 40, carbolic lotion), which is the most useful for 
general purposes, such as an antiseptic wash for the hands or for dis¬ 
infecting surgical instruments. 
A soloid in two pints of water makes a solution of 1 in 2000. This 
may be used for washing fresh wounds, burns, and suppurating surfaces, 
or as a gargle for sore throat. 
As a healing dusting powder one part of chinosol may be mixed 
with ten of boric acid, and used in the same manner as iodoform 
powder. 
To disinfect typhoid or dysenteric stools, dissolve four soloids in one 
pint of water and add the mixture to the vessel containing the motions. 
* Chloral. —Dose, five to twenty grains. Relieves restlessness and 
delirium, and produces sleep. Larger doses than twenty grains should 
not be given. In severe convulsions, due to certain poisons, e.g., strych¬ 
nine, twenty grains or more of bromide of potassium may be added to 
the full dose of chloral, and given either by the mouth or bowel. 
* Chloroform. —Dose, one to five drops. Two to four drops can be given 
