AMMUNITION COLUMNS. 
197 
RUSSIA.* 
There are maintained in peace “ cadres ” for a certain number of 
“ flying parks,” which constitute the first reserve of ammunition in the 
field. Amongst these cadres provision is made for one mountain 
artillery flying park consisting of 128 pack animals for artillery 
ammunition transport, required on the mobilization of the Mountain 
Batteries of the 13tb, 20th, 21st, 38th and 39th Brigades and two 
mountain artillery “flying parks ” of three sections each for the 
Horse Artillery Mountain Regiment. The second line of ammunition 
supply is formed by the “ mobile parks,” which on mobilization 
provide for one section of a mountain artillery “ mobile park.” The 
third line of ammunition supply is formed by the “ local parks,” 
amongst which is one local park for mountain artillery. 
The 'personnel of a mountain artillery “ flying park” consists of 
three officers, eighty-seven combatant and non-combatant N.C.O/s 
and men (with four horses). For the “ mobile parks” small cadres 
varying in strength according to the number of parks grouped in one 
depot are maintained in peace to look after the materiel , but that of 
the “ local parks ” is stored in the artillery depots and looked after by 
the personnel of these depots. 
The war strength of the above parks is as follows :— 
For flying park :—Three officers, three officials, 423 combatant and 
non-combatant N.C.O/s and men, 329 horses (of which 192 are pack) 
and ammunition for each gun, forty ring, forty-eight shrapnel and 
eight case shot, 53*3 rounds per rifle and eighteen rounds per pistol 
and nine carriages. 
For the section of mountain artillery “ mobile park ” :—Thirty 
combatant N.C.O/s and men, seventy-three horses and twelve artillery 
carriages and ammunition for each gun, 17*25 ring, 20*25 shrapnel, 
three case shot and six rounds per pistol. 
For the “ local park,” for each mountain gun is carried 105 ring 
shell, 125 shrapnel and twenty case shot and twenty-five rounds 
per pistol. Each mountain artillery ammunition “ mobile park,” 
moreover, is equipped with sixteen axes, thirty-two shovels, eight 
pick axes, eight mattocks, two crowbars and two saws. Per gun 
the total proportion of mountain artillery ammunition in the field is 
482*5 rounds. 
ITALY. 
The Mountain Artillery Depot in peace practically constitutes the 
nucleus of the ammunition column and section of park required for the 
Mountain Batteries on a war footing. 
The strength of an ammunition column is one officer, fifty men and 
thirty-three mules carrying twelve rounds of common and forty-eight 
of shrapnel shell per gun, five shovels, five picks, one light axe, two 
hatchets and twelve torches. 
* Some modifications are being made in these establishments. 
