224 
THE BORDERLAND OF CHEMISTRY AND’ELECTRICITY. 
phosphorescent light. On turning the current off we see that the 
substance itself is emitting a phosphorence (applause). 
A piece of quartz is contained in the next tube, and as you see, it 
gives a very beautiful glow (loud applause). On turning the current 
off, it phosphoresces like a red-hot coal (applause). 
Here we have various minerals. You see them glow with various 
tints like phosphorescent flowers. We next come to a piece of coral 
glowing with an intense phosphorescence due to bombardment. On 
turning off the current you notice the coral glows (applause). Rubies 
are in the next tube, glowing with an intense red light as if heated. 
On turning off the current they still remain in the same condition 
(applause). 
Now the electrical discharge in a vacuum is what is known as 
‘ radiant matter. 5 When this impinges on this windmill in a vacuum, 
you will see that the direction of the current causes the mill to turn 
right or left at a considerable pace. 
I have here a Crookes 5 tube, invented by Sir William Crookes, who 
has worked more at this portion of science than anyone living at the 
present day. It well illustrates what f radiant matter 5 is. At the 
end of the tube you will notice a metal cross, and on allowing the 
electrical discharge in this high vacuum to play upon the end of the 
tube, you will notice that as the cross is in the field of the discharge, 
a dark shadow is thrown on the end of the tube. Now, where this 
dark shadow is, there is no deposit on the glass of f radiant matter. 5 
Where the f radiant matter 5 is being deposited there is a phosphores¬ 
cence. On allowing this cross to drop out of the field of the 
discharge, where the dark shadow was, there being no ‘ radiant 
matter 5 deposited, a brighter phosphorescence in the form of a cross 
will appear as against the less bright phosphorescence where the 
f radiant matter 5 was previously deposited. You seethe dark cross 
(applause). Having dropped the cross by tilting the glass, you will 
now see the intensely bright cross (loud applause) a positive proof 
that the discharge of electricity is connected with the violent motion 
of atoms of material matter. Electricity, therefore, seems to be 
matter in violent motion. 
I have shown that light, electricity, heat, and chemical action are 
intimately related and co-existing in their action. Life on this world 
is therefore, in the water period of its existence, intimately related to 
and mixed up with chemical action, light, heat and electricity. 
The Parsees look upon the sun, I believe, as the author and giver of 
life to this world as we know it. They are certainly right as far as 
the fact that without the sun no life, as we know it, could exist. The 
sun, according to the latest discoveries, is undoubtedly a body in 
a violent state of chemical and electrical action, the outward and 
visible signs of which are intense light and heat. A storm on the sun, 
electrical or magnetic, effects similar currents on this world within an 
infinitesimal space of time. 
The planet Yenus is known to have an atmosphere. The planet 
