234 
THE INDIAN CAMPAIGNS, 1897-8. 
wounded), took part in the relief at Chakdara, action of Landakai 
operations against Mahmunds, night attack on our camp at Inayat 
Killa, 16th September, troops belated during retirement, fourguns»of 
battery. Brigadier-General Jeffries, thirty sappers, ten men of East Kent, 
ordered to bivouac in village-desperate defence against tribesmen at 
night; Lieut. Crawford, R.A., killed, Lieut. Wynter, R.A., again 
wounded, heavy casualties, almost all the gun teams shot. During 
rest of the operation the battery was so reduced from casualties that 
barely four guns could turn out. Served with 1st Brigade Buner Field 
Force, capture of Tangai Pass. Total casualties : one British Officer 
killed (Lieut. Crawford) nine men and twenty-one mules. Wounded : 
two British Officers, Lieut. Wynter twice, Captain Birch slightly, one 
native Officer, thirty-two men, eight mules; total forty-five men, 
twenty-nine mules, an almost unprecedented loss in a single battery; 
(several men received the Order of Merit for their gallant behaviour.) 
3. The mohmund expedition. 
This expedition consisted of a division commanded by Brigadier- 
General Elies, C.B., R.A., moving into the Mohmund country towards the 
end of September, co-operating with part of Sir Bindon Blood’s force 
from Swat. General Elies’ division met with comparatively little fight¬ 
ing though two of Sir Bindon Blood’s brigades had some very sharp 
work en route to co-operate with him. 
The Mohmunds were severely punished made complete submission ; 
the batteries taking part have been detailed already and afterwards 
took part in the Tirah expedition. 
4. Kohat kurram force. 
Operations under Colonel George Richardson, C.B., cie., subsequently 
under Major-General Yeatman Biggs, c.b., R.A., in Kurram and on the 
Samana. Notable, so far as the Artillery is concerned, for two wonder¬ 
ful marches by No. 2 Derajat Mountain Battery ; details of which are 
given under the heading of ‘Tirah’ to which these operations were a pre¬ 
liminary. The fighting on the Samana consisted of desperate attempts 
of Orakzais and Afridis to capture our line of fortified posts on the crest 
of the Samana Range, and generally overflow into peaceful territory, 
while many of the tribes within our border were not slow to join them 
in the belief that the British Raj was at its downfall. 
5. The tirah expedition. 
The preliminaries of this were, first the Afridi attacks and capture 
of the Khyber forts held by the Khyber Rifles, a local Militia, of which 
Landi Kotal, Ali Musjid, and Fort Maude were the principal. Fort 
Maude near the mouth of the Khyber was evacuated by its garrison 
under the fire of ‘K’ Battery R.H.A., which had advanced to the en¬ 
trance to the pass; second the Orakzai’s and Afridi’scombined attacks 
on the Samana Range followed by risings of various tribes between 
Kohat and Kurram, all of which it was the aim of the Kohat- 
Kurram Force to resist pending our being ready for an actual advance. 
The troops for this campaign were all assembled in the various columns 
