1883.] 
EUPATORIUM GRANDIFLORUM. 
37 
sought to be obtained by ventilation is not 
merely the maintenance or regulation of the 
temperature, but also the admission of fresh 
air, which is a most important factor in the 
well-being of plants. The night temperatures 
are mostly regulated by the amount of firing 
or heat applied, but the day temperature, or 
amount of sun-heat, is regulated by ventilation. 
In vineries a little air should be given at the 
top ventilators early in the morning, or as 
early as it may be observed that the tempera¬ 
ture has risen or is rising above the required 
point, and this air should be gradually increased 
as the day and the temperature advances, and 
later on should also be reduced in a like 
manner, endeavouring if possible to shut up 
early enough to secure a slight rise in the 
temperature after doing so. We prefer 
shutting up early at all times, and “bottling 
up,” as it were, the sun’s warm rays, to the 
rigid rule of keeping to a given temperature, 
and the consequent early application of fire- 
heat for its maintenance. As the grapes begin 
to colour air must be given freely both by day 
and by night, on both sides of the house, &c., 
so that a bracing atmosphere may be secured. 
3. Moisture, in its relation to the atmo¬ 
sphere, is of the greatest importance to the 
healthy progress of the Vine, and demands 
special attention. A close moist atmosphere 
is necessary to induce the buds to break freely, 
and afterwards it is necessary to assist in 
supplying nutriment to the Vines through the 
leaves. A very great proportion of the vital 
energies of plants is absorbed through the 
leaves. Again, moisture is necessary to 
prevent the destruction of the leaves by the 
inroads of insects, such as red spider, &c. 
From the commencement, then, a moist 
atmosphere must be maintained, and the 
higher the temperature the greater the 
evaporation, and the greater the amount of 
moisture required. It is* difficult to supply 
too much. When the Vines are started they 
should be syringed regularly several times a 
day, especially if the weather be bright and 
warm, beginning as soon as it may be noted 
that the temperature is rising, and so on, 
varying as to time according to season, &c. 
This treatment may be continued until the 
grapes come into flower, at which period a 
somewhat drier atmosphere should be main¬ 
tained until they are fairly set. Syringing 
the Vines overhead must from this time be 
discontinued, as, on account of the lime pre¬ 
sent in almost all waters, the grapes become 
spotted and soiled by its use. Young Vines 
on which there is no fruit may, however, be 
syringed with advantage. Every portion of 
the house and border should be freely syringed 
at all times, and the atmosphere thus kept 
well charged with moisture. 
When the grapes begin to colour a some¬ 
what drier atmosphere is required, and by the 
time they are ripe the atmosphere should be 
kept as dry and bracing as possible. After 
the grapes are cut, if it be during the growing 
season, the syringe should be again freely em¬ 
ployed, to thoroughly-cleanse the leaves and 
wood, and its use continued until they ripen 
off thoroughly. 
All Vines in vineries, at whatever period 
they may bo started into growth, will require 
treatment or management on principles some¬ 
what similar to those here laid down. It has 
been the custom of most writers on the culti¬ 
vation of the Vine to give tables of temperature 
for both day and night, to be followed strictly 
during the season, but never having seen, or 
having derived any benefit from the use of 
such tables, we prefer to state general principles 
that may be understood and followed out by 
every one as circumstances may admit.—A. 
F. Barron, Chiswick. 
EUPATORIUM GRANDIFLORUM. 
LTHOUGrH the majority of the Eupa- 
toriums are amenable to the general 
routine of management, the Eupa- 
torium grcindiflorum appears to benefit 
by special and careful cultivation. I have 
rarely seen it in a creditable condition, and I 
attribute the cause of failure to the system of 
management which it appears to require. In 
the shape of young plants I have found it to 
succeed admirably under the following treat¬ 
ment. 
To obtain good-sized flowering plants the 
first year, cuttings should be struck as early 
in the season as possible, selecting the young 
growths when about three inches in length, 
and inserting them singly in small pots of fine 
soil, and plunging them in a bed with a brisk 
