THE FLOETST AND TOMOLOGIRT. 
[ .Tanuahv, 
It means—excepting in large establishments, 
where other houses may supply the temporary 
want—the loss of a few years’ crop of fruit, ami 
this is a I’ather serious matter. It is the fear of 
this loss, however little it may be, that often 
prevents the adoption of any adecpiate means 
of improvement. But be it known to all 
concerned, that by careful and judicious manage¬ 
ment, Vine borders may be renewed entirely 
without any loss whatever, and we may then, 
as a consequence, see fewer poor grapes. One 
difficulty in the way of accomplishing this 
renewal, is to get the fruit the Vines may bo 
producing, ripe in time for the operation to 
be performed early enough to get the roots in 
action in the new soil before the end of the 
season. This is the great end to be achieved. 
The mere renewal of the soil is easily done. 
As soon, therefore, as the fruit may be cut, 
whilst the leaves are yet fresh and green, say, 
about the end of July, commence by clearing 
away the old soil, tracing out tenderly all the 
roots that may bo found; these must be care¬ 
fully shaded and protected from the sun, and 
moreover, frequently syringed, to keep them 
moist. Then make up the border with fresh 
soil, as already recommended, and carefully re¬ 
plant the roots as soon as possible. Much depends 
upon the time taken up in doing this, as the 
Vine roots suffer much if kept long out of the 
soil: but wuth proper care, a few days under 
these conditions will not cause them material 
injury. 
HOSE CUTTINGS 
« HE battle of Stocks for Eoses has scarcely 
yet been fought, far less has any de¬ 
cisive victory been won. There has 
been too great a run on Briers, the Manetti, 
and a few others. These have suited fairl}' 
well, have lived here, died there, and served 
trade interests everywhere. Hence, perhaps, 
their continued popularity. But the Brier is 
far from satisfactory. Left in its own native 
hedge-bank, it is hardy, vigorous, and may be 
said to live for ever. But moved into the gar¬ 
den, and crowned with the finer Eoses, it lives, 
on an average, from three to five years. Instead 
of the Brier infusing its primitive strength and 
vigour into the Eose, the Eose cripples the 
vigour and brings down the longevit}' of the 
Brier to—no, below—its own level. The last 
is, in fact, the most curious thing about it, for 
Eoses on their own roots live far longer than 
on the Brier; while Briers, left alone, live no 
one knows how long. 
And yet the shortening of the life of budded 
or grafted Eoses, can hardly be said to come 
It is necessary to completely shade the Vines 
at this time, and to maintain a close, warm, 
growing atmosphere ; that is, the atmosphere 
of the house must be completely saturated with 
moisture, and the vines frequently syringed, so 
as to cause them to commence active growth 
again. When this is accomplished, the roots 
will also be getting established, and after 
about a month or so, the ordinary attention 
may be resumed. 
Another mode of renewal often adopted, 
where the roots exist partly in the inside and 
partly in the outside border, is to renew entirely 
the one-half one season, the other half the next. 
The roots in this ca.se may be considerably 
shortened. Some daring cultivators will also 
partially renew a vine border by boldly clear¬ 
ing awa}^ a certain portion, roots and all, and 
refilling the sjrace with fresh soil. 
The commonest practice, however, is to clear 
away as much of the top-soil as possible, hij’- 
ing the roots bare, and then adding fresh soil. 
This, in a lesser degree, would be called Top- 
dressiiuj. The top-dressing material should 
consist of good loam and ground bones or 
horn-shavings, rather richer than that recom¬ 
mended for the formation of the border. Any 
depth of this may be applied, and if properly 
attended to in regard to moisture, the roots 
will soon permeate through the entire mass, 
and great benefit will be derived by the Vines. 
All these partial renewals may be effected 
during the period when the vines may be said 
to be at rest.—A. F. Baeron. 
AS EOSE STOCKS. 
through any want of completeness or perfection 
in the mere union between the scion or bud 
and the stock. That seems as thorough and 
perfect as can be, the two becoming one in less 
time than in most other plants. No weakness 
or fault, as a rule, can be discovered at the 
point of rmion. On the contraiy, the roots 
and the tops generally give way or die. No 
doubt, many such deaths arise fi'om the use of 
rootless Briers and from their bad or barbarous 
treatment, alike before and after budding. But 
after discounting all these obvious and accidental 
causes of death, it is plain that other causes 
must operate, to produce the alarmingly high 
death -1 ate among worked Eoses. 
Among these, may not remote degrees of 
consanguinity have an important influence ? 
As our Eoses improve, they are getting further 
and yet further removed from the Dog-rose, 
IVanetti, and other stocks. May not this fact 
account for new Eoses dying in larger numbers 
than the older ones ? I am aivare there are 
other reasons for this. The buds are often 
