MAY. 
105 
a somewhat wider circle must be taken, and, perhaps, one-third of the roots, or 
nearly so, be left undisturbed. The turning over will be a little difficult, but 
not so much so if the soil is cleared some little distance further on that side, so 
as to allow the roots more space to bend ; and as the roots will most likely be 
grown very irregularly, to keep them properly spread and in their places it will 
be best to have some strong fork pegs well pointed, inserted with a small iron 
bar, and afterwards driven firmlv in with a wooden mallet. These will not 
only keep the roots in their places, but will help to secure the tree from blowing 
over. But, in addition to these, very large trees will require some other support 
to keep them quite safe. I use long forked poles, about three or four of which 
are inserted at angles ; but, of course, none will be needed on the opposite side 
to that on which the roots are left. But as these would look very unsightly on 
a lawn or any conspicuous place, tar ropes may be fastened, say at two-thirds 
the height of the tree, previously placing a good bandage round it to save it 
from being wounded. The ropes will, of course, be fastened at angles to suffi¬ 
ciently strong pegs, and by means of such ropes, the trees may be far more 
easily lowered and raised upright again. 
“ As I have practised this mode of tree-lifting for many years, and on many 
hundreds of trees, I can confidently recommend it as a most successful method, 
and I know that no one will regret giving it a trial if it is done carefully. I, 
perhaps, ought to say a few more words about Pears on Quinces, Apples on Para¬ 
dise stocks, and Cherries on Cerasus mahaleb. As to their producing fruit earlier, 
there can be no question. I find many Cherries bear even a much better crop 
than on the free stock ; but, as I said before, they do not lift so well when they 
become large as they do on the free stocks, and Quince stocks do not do in very 
sandy soil. I will give the dimensions of a few Pears on Quince stocks. 
Gratioli of Jersey, age ten years, height 12 feet, spread 5 feet, diameter 3 inches. 
Conseiller de la Cour, age ten years, height 13 feet, spread 8 feet, diameter 
44 inches. (This is a most handsome tree.) Beurre Hardy, age ten years, 
height 14 feet, spread 5 feet, diameter 4£ inches. Beurre Bretonneau, age ten 
years, height 12 feet, spread 5 feet, diameter 4 inches. Pius IX., age ten years, 
height 12 feet, spread 5 feet, diameter 3 inches. Prince Albert, age ten years, 
height 13 feet, spread 6 feet, diameter 4 inches. Nouveau Poiteau, age ten 
years, height 13 feet, spread 6 feet, diameter 34 inches. 
“ I find Apples on Paradise stocks bear well; but they are difficult to keep 
upright if lifted when the trees get large, from the extreme smallness of the 
roots. 
“ I will, in conclusion state a few particulars in which my method of tree- 
lifting differs from Mr. Rivers’s, yet not so much in the mode of operation as in 
the results. Mr. Rivers’s plan is intended for small gardens where a large 
variety may be grown in a small space, mine for those of trees of any dimen¬ 
sions, however large ; Mr. Rivers’s partly as a source of amusement, mine more 
as a source of profit; Mr. Rivers’s only for the fruit garden, mine may be 
applied to ornamental trees and shrubs, previous to their removal by waiting 
two years, and with almost the certainty of success. How much has been 
written about the removal of large Hollies, and other large trees and shrubs, 
both as to manner and the particular time, too; and what a cumbrous 
affair it has been in removing many hundredweights, and sometimes tons of soil in 
the operation, and then, after all, a frequent risk as to their growing ; whereas, 
in this way, there is no occasion to remove any larger proportion of soil than in 
the case of a tree or shrub 2 feet high. In this way they are almost certain to 
grow, at least I have only lost one out of many hundreds, and that was more 
through carelessness than default in the method. 
“ What valuable trees are, after many years’ growth, found to be in the 
