4 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
September 5, 1885. 
GARDENING MISCELLANY. 
Flower Shows.-and Meetings foe next week.— 
Tuesday. —Meeting of Fruit and Floral Committees of 
the Eoyal Horticultural Society, at 11 a.m. Exhibi¬ 
tion of Grapes and Dahlias, &c. Wednesday and 
Thursday. —Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society’s 
Exhibition, in the Waverley Market, Edinburgh. 
Thursday. —Autumn Show at Aberdeen. 
Death of Mrs. Francis Casey. —The many per¬ 
sonal friends of Mr. Francis Casey, of the Upper 
Clapton Nursery, will regret to hear of the loss he has 
sustained by the death of his wife on August 28th. 
A Lilium auratum, in the garden at Penshurst 
Place, is bearing over 100 flowers and buds. The plant 
has six stems 7 ft. high. 
The Turner Memorial. —We understand that a 
meeting of the Committee will be held on Tuesday 
next, at South Kensington, to appoint a sub-Committee 
to manage the details of the Memorial, and to approve 
a circular that has been prepared for distribution. 
The Manchester Chrysanthemum Show. —The 
annual exhibition of Chrysanthemums, Fruits, &c., of 
the Eoyal Botanical and Horticultural Society of Man¬ 
chester will beheld on November, 17th, 18th, and 19th, 
in St. James’s Hall, Oxford Road. The Schedule 
contains seven classes for plants in pots, eight for cut 
blooms, seven for fruits, and three for bouquets, &c. 
For the best collections of Apples and Pears, the Society 
offers gold and silver medals ; and the best prizes 
offered for Chrysanthemums, are, £7 each for the best 
collections of 12 large-flowered varieties in pots, and for 
36 cut blooms, incurved and Japanese. 
Goddard’s Patent Glass or Slate Clip. —Mr. J. 
Goddard, 13, Eadipole Road, Fulham, has invented a 
very simple and extremely useful metal clip or holder, 
designed to hold together two or more pieces of glass or 
slate, to form a protection from sun, wind or rain, for 
seeds, cuttings, or small plants. By their use an 
efficient protector of glass or glass and slate combined 
where a little shade or protection from the weather is 
desirable, can be put together in two or three minutes. 
The Edinburgh Apple and Pear Congress.— 
With reference to the Special Exhibition and Conference 
on Apples and Pears, to be held in connection with the 
Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society’s Winter Show, 
on the 25th and 26th Novdinber next, we understand 
that while collections of the fruits named are solicited 
from all parts, for comparison and instruction, the 
chief object of the Conference is to utilise the favourable 
opportunity presented by the fine crop this year, for 
the purpose of gaining information about the Apples 
and Pears grown in Scotland, comparing their merits, 
and correcting their nomenclature. All fruit growers, 
especially in Scotland, are therefore invited by the 
Council to send as complete collections as possible of 
the Apples and Pears grown in their district; and as 
the object is solely educational, there will be no com¬ 
petition and no prizes. The Council are anxious to 
procure as complete representations as possible of the 
Apples and Pears grown in each district, and each 
variety should be distinctly labelled, with the name or 
names under which it is grown in the locality. It is 
also most desirable that each collection be accompanied 
by all the information possible about the climate, 
altitude, exposure, soil, stocks, method of cultivation, 
and other particulars, which will be of much value to 
the Committee in drawing up their Report. For this 
purpose forms will he supplied on application to the 
Secretary, Mr. John Stewart, 18, Waverley Market, 
Edinburgh. 
Seed Adulteration.— “We ( Gardeners’ Chronicle ) 
have before us samples of very old Trifolium seed, and 
other samples of the sanfe seed sulphured and repolished, 
and intended presumably for mixing with genuine seed. 
We are informed that as it is requisite to wet the old 
seed to enable it to take up the sulphur, there is an 
increase of about 20 per cent., which more than pays 
all the expense of the operation. The value of the old 
seed, we are informed, is about 4s. the cwt., while the 
doctored seed sells for 20,s., or thereabouts, the cwt. 
we do not know where or by whom this bit of mean¬ 
ness is perpetrated, but are astonished that farmers do 
not, if not taste, at least try before they buy. ” Since 
this warning note was published, Messrs. Hurst & Son, 
152, Houndsditeh, have offered a reward of £10 for such 
information as will lead to the conviction of the guilty 
parties. • - - 
Dry Glazing. —Mr. T. Hawkins, Hillingdon Heath, 
Uxbridge, has submitted for our inspection some models 
of two systems of dry glazing, as applied by him to the 
roofs of plant houses and pit lights. In the 
“ Perfection” or No. 1 system, which we like the best 
on account of its simplicity, effectiveness, and neat 
appearance, the sash bars have a channel on either 
side (on which the glass rests), to carry off any moisture 
that may get underneath, and the squares which over¬ 
lap in the usual way are held in position with brass 
sprigs. No putty or fastenings of any other kind are 
used, and besides being as weather-proof as any such 
system can be, it has the great advantage of most 
others that we have seen, that any broken square can 
be replaced in the shortest possible space of time. 
In the Horizontal or No. 2 system, the sash bars are 
grooved the same as in the former to carry off moisture, 
but instead of the glass lapping one pane over another 
as usual, horizontal wooden bars are used, curved from 
the centre to the sides, forming channels to carry any 
water that may get inside to the side grooves. Each 
horizontal bar is rabbitted on the lower side into which 
the pane is fitted, and held on the next one by means 
of two screws and small brass discs. 
Transplanting Boxes.— At a meeting of nursery¬ 
men held in Chicago, Mr. Jenkins, of Ohio, stated that 
having to start many cuttings which it was advantageous 
to transplant in rows afterwards, he used, instead of 
Baits for Insects. —M. Carriere, of the Jardin des 
Plantes, Paris, reports on baits Tor insects that “beer 
and water ” caught 850 flies and other winged creatures, 
“pure beer” 631. “Crushed Pears,” “weak wine,” 
and “pure wine” came next in the order given, and 
“pure honey” at the bottom of the list, with only 17 
victims. This would seem to disprove the literal truth 
of the old saying—correct as it is in its moral—that 
“we may catch more flies with a spoonful of honey 
than with a gallon of vinegar.” No doubt, however, 
the “loud” odour of the beer, which was in a highly 
fermented state, had a great deal to do with attracting 
the insects. 
The Amherstia “at Home.” —In the new edition 
of Mason’s Burmah, the Rev. C. Parish, to whom 
Orchid growers are indebted for so many' fine introduc¬ 
tions, writes :—While at Beling, I rode out in company 
with Col. Fytche and Capt. Harrison to a place called 
Kothanaiong, about seven miles off, to see the Amher¬ 
stia trees there. This place had often been mentioned 
as one where the Amherstia was to be seen in great 
perfection, and where indeed it might perhaps be wild. 
I was well rewarded, for a prettier little spot I never 
visited. The Amherstias, growing in a well shaded 
place and watered by a perennial stream, which tumbles 
down a steep granite hill, and is ingeniously directed 
hither and thither in large Bamboo troughs, were 
indeed to be seen in the wildest luxuriance of growth. 
span-roofed rose house. 
pots, L-shaped boxes, easily made by nailing together 
two thin boards, one 4 ins. to 6 ins. wide forming the 
side, and one 1 in. or 3 ins. wide for the bottom ; 3 ft. 
or 4 ft. long—the length corresponding to the width of 
the border in which they are placed. These, ranged 
together lengthways, form a series of boxes, the back 
of one box making the side for the one preceding it. 
In these, which economize every inch of space under 
the glass, rows of twenty or more Vines or plants are 
grown, until 4 ins. or 5 ins. high, when after being 
properly hardened off by removing the glass, the entire 
row is lifted in the box, without destroying roots or 
soil, and turned out into the open furrows or trench. 
They are thus transplanted as quickly as a single Vine 
from a pot, and positively without loss, or any apparent 
checking of growth. The boxes, after being dipped in 
hot lime-water, appear quite free from fungus, and as 
healthful to the plants as pots. 
The Essex Field Club. —The Sixth Annual Cryp- 
togamic and Botanical Meeting of this Club will be 
held on Friday and Saturday, the 2nd and 3rd of 
October next, in Epping Forest. It is intended to de¬ 
vote the Friday to the collecting of specimens, and to 
their examination and arrangement by the experts, and 
on the Saturday to hold an Exhibition of fresh and 
preserved Botanical specimens, microscopical objects, 
drawings, &e. The Exhibition will be mainly confined 
to subjects from the vegetable kingdom, but not 
necessarily to the Cryptogamia, although that division 
will hold a very important place. The arrangement of 
the Mycological specimens, as usual, will be under the 
control of Dr. M. C. Cooke, Mr. Worthington Smith, 
Dr. Wharton, and other well-known fungologists. 
But Kothanaiong is a sacred spot. Hero are pagodas, 
pongyee-houses, zayats all round. A flight of steps 
leads from the bottom to the top of the overhanging 
hill, which is about 600 feet high, and on which are 
more sacred buildings. The Amherstias seen only 
round the principal pagoda, were undoubtedly planted, 
although they are now left to take care of themselves 
and have a wild appearance. Evidently this is not a 
native habitat of the tree. 
The Acreage under Potatos in Ireland show a 
decrease of 1,849 acres, and Turnips still continue to 
decrease, showing a reduction this year under last year 
to the amount of 7,129 acres. It is satisfactory to have 
to note that the extent under so useful a crop as Cabbage 
has increased by 2,698 acres ; Mangel Wurzel, by 
2,600 acres ; Carrots, Parsnips, and other green crops 
by-167 acres; and vetches and rape by 961 acres; 
leaving a net decrease of 2,552 in the extent under 
green crops. 
Early Frosts in Scotland.— On the night of 
August 26th, the Potato crop in many parts of Caith- 
ness-shire was severely injured by frost. The haulms 
are quite black and withered. Such a visitation of 
frost as this has not been recorded in Caithness during 
the last 40 years. On the morning of Tuesday last, 
six degrees of frost were registered near Edinburgh, 
doing considerable damage to Dahlias, &c., and seven 
degrees at Clovenfords. At East Linton, Denny, 
Greenlaw, and other places, unusually severe frosts 
have been experienced, and irreparable damage has 
been done to the potato crops. 
