May 29, 1886. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
611 
NEW ROSES for 1886. 
CLARA COCHET (Lacharme). 
Saitl to bo Lacharme’s best production and the finest H. P. 
Bose yet produced ; awarded Gold Medal at the Great Rose 
Exhibition at Lyons, June, 1SS5. Strong plants in 4-inch pots, 
ready the second week in June, price os. each ; a few very strong 
plants in 6-inch pots, 7s. 6 d. each. No trade discount can be 
allowed on the latter size. The above Rose was sent out in 
November, 1SS5, in dormant eyes only, at £1 per eye, conse¬ 
quently cannot be sold at a lower price than quoted. 
ISfE'W AMERICAN; TEA ROSE. 
THE BRIDE. 
A pure white sport from Catherine Mermet, and stated by the 
raiser to be the finest, white Rose ever offered. Spring-grafted 
plants, in 4-inch pots, ready the second week in June, price 
4s. each. 
pllI^HE SEEDEII*©) TEA EQSES 
YE PRIMROSE DAME 
AND 
VISCOUNTESS FOLKESTONE. 
Price 5s. each. 
Are now being distributed for the first time. List, with raiser’s 
descriptions, post free on application. 
H. BENNETT, 
PEDIGREE ROSE NURSERY, 
SHEPPERTON, MIDDLESEX. 
S. SHEPPERSON, 
FLORIST, PROSPECT HOUSE, BELPER, 
EGS to offer the following special cheap 
plants :—3 Geraniums, 3 Single Dahlias, 3 Verbenas, and 
3 Calceolarias for Is., free ; or, 4 Geraniums, 4 Single Dahlias, 
4 Verbenas, 4 new Pyretlirums, 4 Fuchsias, and 25 imported 
German Ten-week Stocks for 2s., free; or, 4 Geraniums, 4 
Fuchsias, 4 Single Dahlias, 4 Calceolarias, 4 Verbenas, 4 Spotted 
Jlimulus, 4 Lobelias, and 25 imported Ten-week Stocks for 
2s. 6d., free. 
All distinct well-rooted hardy plants. All orders sent same day 
as received. 
S. SHEPPERSON, Prospect House, Helper. 
ROSES IN POTS. 
ER MAJESTY, THE BENNETT ROSE, 
and all the best new English and Foreign varieties. 
All the choicest well-tried sorts in pots, 15s. to 36s. per dozen. 
Descriptive List free on application. 
RICHARD SMITH & Co., 
NURSERYMEN AND SEED MERCHANTS, 
WORCESTER. 
SEEDS OF FINEST QUALITY. 
EGETABLE, FLOWER, and FARM 
SEEDS at most moderate prices direct from the growers. 
Descriptive, Illustrated, Priced, Spring Catalogue free to any 
address on application. 
W. W. JOHNSON & SON, 
Seed Growers & Merchants, BOSTON, LINCOLNSHIRE. 
GEO. COOLING & SONS 
MAKE A SPECIALITY OF J 
and have a large collection, now ready for sending out, including 
all leading 
HYBRID PERPETUAL VARIETIES (10s. 6d. per dozen). 
TEA-SCENTED (16s. per dozen). 
CLIMBING VARIETIES, extra strong (16s. per dozen). 
NEW ROSES. 
HER MAJESTY, and all latest introductions. 
SINGLE ROSES:—FAIRY OR MINIATURE ROSES. 
OLD-FASHIONED ROSES, Sec. 
All strong plants, suitable for pot culture or planting out. 
Descriptive priced list post free. 
GEO. COOLING & SONS, 
THE NURSERIES, BATH. 
ENRY IRVING.—The best new single 
dark Fuchsia in cultivation, 2s. 6 d. each; 12 best, in¬ 
cluding H. Irving, Phenomenal, the largest grown, and General 
Roberts, 5s. 6 d .; 6 best incurved Chrysanthemums, Is. 2d.; 6 
best Japanese, Is. 2d.; 6 best single, Is. 2d.; 6 best early-flower¬ 
ing, Is. 2d.; 8 distinct lovely Cactus Dahlias, including Mr. Tait 
and Lord Lyndhurst, 3s. 6d.; 6 best show Dahlias, Is. 6d.; 6 
best Pompons, Is. 6d.; 6 best single, Is. Gd.; new single 
Dahlia, Chilwell Beauty, yellow edged, scarlet, very novel, ls.6d. 
The new-shaped Dahlia, Germania Nova, like a fine double 
Petunia, Is. 3d.; black and white Dahlia, Mr. Miller, Is. 3d.; 
new crimson-scarlet Chrysanthemum, Cullingfordi, Is. 2d.; 
yellow Carnation, Pride of Penshurst, Is. 4d.; Alegatiere, scarlet, 
and Miss Joliffe, salmon, 9d. each, the three for 2s. 6d.; new 
double Ivy-leaf Geranium, Madame Thibaut, Is.; 6 best, in¬ 
cluding Madame Thibaut, 3s.; new white Geraniums, Le Cygne, 
double. Queen of the Belgians, single. Is. each ; 6 best double 
and 6 best single, to include the two above, 5s. 6d.; new Agera- 
turu, White Cap, a novelty, 4 for Is. 2d. ; 6 blue Marguerites, 
Is. 2d.; 6 seedling double Tuberous Begonias, 3s. 2d.; 6 single 
ditto, 2s. 2d.; 6 choice seedling Gloxinias, 2s. 2d. These are 
from the finest strains. 6 extra fine-named Begonias, in 6 
colours, 6s.; the new Golden Pyrethrum, like a golden Fern, 
does not flower the first season, 12, Is., 24, Is. 6d.; 12 beautiful 
Mimulus, le. 6d. ; 12 single Petunias, the splendid Grandiflora 
strain, Is. 6d. —H. J. JONES, Hope Nursery, Lewisham. 
LEMATIS, strong in pots for Climbing, 
Bedding and Greenhouse culture. Seventy of the finest 
varieties, including a large stock of extra strong Jackmanni. If 
planted out at once will make a grand display this summer. 
Selections, 12s. to 21s per dozen. 
TEA ROSES, in pots, best varieties only, from 15s. to 21s. per 
dozen. Descriptive lists of above free on application. 
W. B. ROWE & Co. (Limited), Barbourne Nurseries, Worcester. 
OYAL BOTANICAL and HORTICUL¬ 
TURAL SOCIETY of MANCHESTER, 
The GRAND NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL EXHIBI¬ 
TION of 1S86 will open at the Gardens, Old Trafford, on FRIDAY', 
June 11, at 2 p.m. Entries close on June 4. Schedules may be 
had from the undersigned. 
BRUCE FINDLAY. 
Royal Botanic Gardens, Manchester._ 
R oyal horticultural society, 
GREAT PROVINCIAL SHOW AT LIVERPOOL. 
June 29tli to July 5th, 1886 
GREAT EXHIBITION of IMPLEMENTS, GARDEN 
STRUCTURES, TOOLS, and APPLIANCES in the WAYER- 
TREE PARK. 
Schedules and full particulars as to space, &c., may be had on 
application to the Superintendent, Mr. A. F. BARRON, Royal 
Horticultural Society, Chiswick, London ; or to Mr. J. 
RICHARDSON, Botanic Gardens, Liverpool. 
NOTICE.—Entries close June 12th. 
Applications for Advertisement Space in the Official Catalogue 
should be made at once to ADAMS & FRANCIS, Advertising 
Agents, 59, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE | PAGE 
Allotments . 613 Liverpool Show, the. 612 
Amateurs’Gardens . 615 Orchid Notes and Gleanings 619 
Anemone Robinsoniana .. 619 Orchids, warm or cold 
Black Beetles . 619 water for . 620 
Bog Garden, the. 616 Pansies. 613 
Boiler Competition, the .. 611 Peas not Vegetating. 619 
Camassia esculenta . 612 Petunias as standards .... 615 
Cattleya Mossise. 620 Plants, hardy in flower .. 617 
Chrysanthemum Culture .. 614 Plants, on sending abroad. 612 
Corynocarpus laevigatus Plants, Table, &e. 61S 
aureo-marginatus . 616 Potatos, Seedling . 618 
Forestry in Japan . 615 Pulmonaria saccharata 
Fruits, Australian. 612 grandiflora . 619 
Fruit Packing.615 Beichenbachia . 619 
Fuchsia, Venus Victrix Im- Rieliardia BJthiopica. 618 
proved . 619 Root growth . 614 
Gardeners' Calendar . 620 Royal Horticultural Society621 
Gloriosa superba. 619 Smoke Nuisance. 612 
Grape, Lady Downes. 619 Tiger Flowers. 618 
Horticultural Societies_ 621 Wild Flowers, study of_ 616 
" Gardening is the purest of human pleasures, and the greatest 
refreshment to the spirit of man."— Bacon. 
SATURDAY, MAY 29, 1886. 
The Coming Boiler Competition.— The pro¬ 
babilities of finding some medium for the beating 
of glass-houses other than hot water are at present 
so remote that we cannot but regard with satis¬ 
faction the announcement made in our last of 
the intention of the Council of the Royal Hor¬ 
ticultural Society to associate a boiler compe¬ 
tition with its great provincial exhibition at 
Liverpool. Certainly, we have no great antici¬ 
pation that from such a competition will result 
any remarkable boiler, or that anything novel 
or specially distinctive will emanate. Indeed, 
the most that can be hoped for is that all the 
best boilers, with their diverse methods of con¬ 
struction and heating, will be tested alike, and 
that from such contest may be obtained by 
those most interested a correct line as to 
the best, most economical, and cheapest 
system of boiler heating. It may be said, 
“ Well, all this has been done before,” which is 
quite true, but not recently, and, probably, at 
no time upon so admirably arranged a basis. 
The conditions of the competition, published by 
us last week, seem to be fair throughout, and to 
place every competitor upon the same footing. 
The only point into which elements of doubt 
enter is to be found in the opinions and decisions 
of the judges, because these are, after all, 
swayed by uncertain considerations, and they 
may be right or may be wrong, just as those 
detailed to discharge the important duties under¬ 
taken have not only the required knowledge or 
otherwise, but possess, also, the essential capacity 
of wise and impartial judgment. 
The weak features of the contest lie in direc¬ 
tions over which the promoters have no control. 
They may determine the breadth and height of 
the boiler-settings, the height of chimney, the 
extent and dimensions of piping; hut they 
cannot control imperfections of setting, for 
instance, which may influence even the best of 
boilers disastrously ; neither can they provide 
absolutely those conditions of temperature or 
area under which boilers are most fully tested 
when in permanent employ ; as, for instance, we 
should like to see the powers of any one, or, 
indeed, of all the boilers tried, when the tem¬ 
perature is some 20° below freezing. Certainly, 
in such case, the test would he alike for all and 
fair for all, as will be the case now ; hut in no 
case can the coming test be so severe as is that 
to which a boiler is put when the temperature 
is very low. Some esteemed admirable boilers 
may work well in temperate weather, but soon 
break down or prove wanting in long-continued 
spells of cold weather. Then it is evident 
that no test can be absolutely satisfactory where 
the trial is not conducted under the same con¬ 
ditions as apply when boilers are fixed for the 
heating of glass structures. Pipes may, in the 
open air, seem exceedingly hot, and, perhaps, 
send up the thermometer inordinately ; and yet 
others in which the heat was less fierce prove, 
under glass, capable of giving the greatest and 
most enduring amount of warmth in an enclosed 
and roofed area. 
It would seem, judging by the conditions 
published, that all the respective blocks of 
piping are to be arranged exactly alike. If this 
be so, no scope is permitted for display of skill 
on the part of the engineer, who may, in heating 
a house, so arrange his pipes that a boiler of 
moderate power may be capable of performing 
as much work as another larger boiler which had 
the heat-pipes of the same length hut diversely 
placed. Naturally, in the open air, where the 
only test which can well he applied to any 
system of heating must be the thermometer laid 
on the pipes, it will probably he found that 
blocking the pipes densely will promote the 
required results the most speedily. In a house, 
however, where a prescribed area has to he 
equally heated, it may he found that a diffuse 
arrangement of the pipes may he productive of 
most good. Of course, we are aware that the 
intended competition is limited to boilers only, 
and that it is anticipated that whatever power 
or heating capacity a boiler possesses or displays 
in the open and under the trial it will also show 
when permanently set. On that head we venture 
to think there is room for considerable difference 
of opinion, and that when the trial is over the 
winners are gratified and the losers discontented, 
it will still be found that these latter have lost 
no faith in the capacity of their pet construction 
to perform more satisfactory work hi houses 
than was performed in the open. 
Since boilers became so popular for heating 
purposes—and the original introduction of hot- 
water for that use is not such a remote thing— 
we have seen many and various combinations and 
arrangements employed; some simple, some very 
complex. It seems hopeless to expect that the 
coming competition will introduce to us any¬ 
thing novel in boiler construction that is also 
effectual and cheap. To-day it seems as if such 
comparatively simple boiler forms as the saddle 
and the tubular were the most favoured, only 
in the latter case horizontal forms seem to be 
superseding vertical ones. We must, however, 
be careful in expressing even so elementary an 
opinion as that lest we bring down an avalanche 
of protests, for there does seem in connection 
with boiler designing and construction amour 
propre of a kind so tender that it is by the 
simplest allusions easily wounded. Would that 
boiler-men could assimilate into their nerves 
and temperaments some of the solidity which 
characterise'® the metal in which they work, and 
