June 12, 1886. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
643 
ROS ES IN P OTS. 
H er majesty, the beknett rose, 
and all the test new English and Foreign varieties. 
All the choicest well-tried sorts in pots, 15s. to 36s. per dozen. 
Descriptive List free on application. 
RICHARD SMITH & Co., 
NURSERYMEN AND SEED MERCHANTS, 
WORCESTER. 
GEO. COOLING & SONS 
MAKE A SPECIALITY OF J 
EM 
and have a large collection, now ready for sending out, including 
all leading 
HYBRID PERPETUAL VARIETIES (10s. 6(7. per dozen). 
TEA-SCENTED (16s. per dozen). 
CLIMBING VARIETIES, extra strong (16s. per dozen). 
NEW ROSES. 
HER MAJESTY, and all latest introductions. 
SINGLE ROSES:—FAIRY OR MINIATURE ROSES. 
OLD-FASHIONED ROSES, &c. 
All strong plants, suitable for pot culture or planting out. 
Descriptive priced list post free. 
GEO. COOLING & SONS, 
THE NURSERIES, BATH. 
S. SHEPPERSON, 
FLORIST, PROSPECT HOUSE, BELPER, 
B EGS to offer the following special cheap 
plants :—3 Geraniums, 3 Single Dahlias, 3 Verbenas, and 
3 Calceolarias for Is., free ; or, 4 Geraniums, 4 Single Dahlias, 
4 Verbenas, 4 new Pyrethrums, 4 Fuchsias, and 25 imported 
German Ten-week Stocks for 2s., free ; or, 4 Geraniums, 4 
Fuchsias, 4 Single Dahlias, 4 Calceolarias, 4 Verbenas, 4 Spotted 
Mimulus, 4 Lobelias, and 25 imported Ten-week Stocks for 
2s. 6 d., free. 
All distinct well-rooted hardy plants. All orders sent same day 
as received. 
S. SHEPPERSON, Prospect House, Belper. 
CHOICE FLOWERS OF STERLING 
MERIT. 
R oyal hoeticultural society, 
GREAT PROVINCIAL SHOW AT LIVERPOOL. 
June 29th to July 5th, 1886 
GREAT EXHIBITION of PLANTS, FLOWERS, FRUIT, 
VEGETABLES, &c., in the BOTANIC GARDENS and WAVER- 
TREE PARK. 
Schedules and full particulars as to space, &c., may be had on 
application to the Superintendent, Mr. A. F. BARRON, Royal 
Horticultural Society, Chiswick, London ; or to Mr. J. 
RICHARDSON, Botanic Gardens, Liverpool. 
_NOTICE.—Entries close June 21st._ 
TYOYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
JLY GREAT PROVINCIAL SHOW AT LIVERPOOL. 
June 29th to July 5th, 1886. 
GREAT EXHIBITION of IMPLEMENTS, GARDEN 
STRUCTURES, TOOLS, and APPLIANCES in the WAYER- 
TREE PARK. 
Schedules and full particulars as to space, &c., may he had on 
application to the Superintendent, Mr. A. F. BARRON, Royal 
Horticultural Society, Chiswick, London ; or to Mr. J. 
RICHARDSON, Botanic Gardens, Liverpool. 
NOTICE.—Entries close June 12th. 
Applications for Advertisement Space in the Official Catalogue 
should be made at once to ADAMS & FRANCIS, Advertising 
Agents, 59, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 
PAGE 
Amateurs’Garden, the_ 647 
America, Notes of a Trip to, 649 
Asparagus Beds, Old. 651 
Bossiiea linophylla. 651 
Broccolis, Late . 651 
Bulb Trade, the. 643 
Calceolarias at Beech Hill 647 
Calceolarias, Herbaceous.. 646 
Camellia japonica, var. 651 
“ Cottage Gardening ”_644 
Dunedin, Streatham Hill.. 648 
Fuchsia Madame Thibaut.. 644 
Gardeners' Calendar, the .. 652 
Gloxinias at Chelsea. 644 
Imantopliyllums. 644 
Market Flowers . 644 
Maxillaria Sanderiana.652 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Odonto. Vuylstekianum .. 652 
Orchids. Fertilization of .. 644 
Orchid Notes . 652 
Orchid Portraits. 652 
Pelargoniums, Ivy-leaved.. 644 
Preston Horticultural Soc. 654 
Rhadish, the common.... 651 
Reading Horticultural Soc. 653 
Rose Prospects . 644 
Royal Botanic Society .... 653 
Royal Horticultural Society 653 
Scottish Gardening . 647 
Stigmaphyllum ciliatum .. 650 
Strawberry, Grove End .. 651 
Tillage Operations. 648 
Tulip Society, National .. 651 
Wistaria sinensis . 650 
“ Gardening is the purest of human pleasures, and the greatest 
refreshment to the spirit of man." —Bacon. 
MY COLLECTION, which consists OF ALL THE NEWEST 
AND CHOICEST FLOWERS FOR THE GARDEN AND 
CONSERVATORY, being now UNANIMOUSLY PRO¬ 
NOUNCED THE BEST, MOST SELECT, AND COMPRE¬ 
HENSIVE EXTANT, all intending purchasers should be in 
possession of my NEW DESCRIPTIVE PRICED CATA¬ 
LOGUE, of nearly 100 pages, FOR 18S6, before ordering from 
any other source, free on application. 
JOHN FORBES, Nurseryman, HAWICK, N.B. 
ALPINE & HERBACEOUS PLANTS. 
A. 8FB© EA&XTW. 
50,000 of the most desirable sorts established in pots ; many 
other varieties growing in the open ground. 
To ensure flowers at all seasons, pi int at once and do not delay. 
SPECIAL LIST OF VARIETIES ON APPLICATION. 
4/-, 6/- and 9/- per dozen Cheaper if taken by the 100 or 1,000. 
R. H. VERTEGANS, Chad Valley Nurseries, Edgbaston, 
Birmingham. 
UPTON'S PLANTSfortheGARDEN & GREENHOUSE 
Now Ready at the following Low Prices for Cash. 
20,000 Cyclamen persicum, excellent strain, Is. per doz. ; 5s. 
per 100. 
3,000 Surplus Stock of Palms in 3-in. pots, clean and healthy, in 
four best varieties, 2s. 6 d. per doz.; 16s. per 100. 
Primulas, finest fringed white and coppery scarlet, and semi¬ 
double white and red; ready shortly. Each of the above, 
Is. 3d. per dozen. 
Cinerarias, warranted from a prize strain, splendid, Is. 6(7. per 
doz. 
Gloxinias, strong seedlings, including all the splendid varieties, 
2s. 6(1. per doz. 
Ferns in four varieties for greenhouse, 2s. 6 d. per doz. 
Asters, fluest strain or white, separate, 2s. 6 d. per 100 ; Golden 
Feather, 2s. 6 d. per 100 ; Lobelia, dwarf blue, 2s. 6 d. per 
100 ; Verbenas, choicest hybrids, Is. per doz.; Stocks, best 
double strain, 2s. 6 d. per 100 ; Aoeratum, Imperial Dwarf, 
double blue, special offer, 9(7. per doz., 4s. per 100; Single 
Dahlias, from prize flowers, strong, Is. 6 d. per doz. ; Ever¬ 
lasting Flowers, finest strain, 9 d. per doz.; Sweet Sultan, 
fine mixed, 9 d. per doz.; African Marigold, fine mixed, 9d. 
per doz.. 
All post free, except Palms, those sent by rail. 
D.. C. UPTON & SONS, Florists and Seedsmen, Irlam, near 
Manchester. 
YWERANIUMS, carriage free, best for pots, 
VA winter bloom, or bedding:—VESUVIUS, scarlet; WHITE 
VESUVIUS ; WONDERFUL, double scarlet ; MADAME 
BALTET, double white ; I’VE GOT IT, large white; MADAME 
THIBAUT, double pink ; Is. 6(7. per doz. ; Ss. per 100. GERA¬ 
NIUMS, WEST BRIGHTON GEM, bright scarlet; HENRI 
JACOBI", dark crimson ; PRIMA DONNA,large white ; ALBA 
PERFECTA, double white ; GUILLON MANGILLI, double 
shaded crimson; E. V. RASPAIL, double dark scarlet; 2s. per 
doz. ; 12s. per 100. GERANIUMS, MRS. STRUTT, largest 
pink out; PRINCESS HELEN, the best pink yet produced for 
winter bloom or bedding ; RUBIS, double, deep magenta crim¬ 
son; MRS. THEOBALD, double white, best winter bloomer; 
LOVELINESS, best double pink, for pots or winter bloom; 
MR. GLADSTONE, double, large orange scarlet; id. cash ; or 
3s. per dozen.—From B. W. KNIGHT, Florist, Battle, Sussex. 
SATURDAY , JUNE 12, 1886. 
The Bulb Trade. —Those small gardeners, and 
specially bulb growers, who purchase their little 
quantities of Dutch bulbs in the autumn, pro¬ 
bably little imagine, such is the irrepressible 
activity of the Hollanders, that the whole of 
the country is now being flooded with trade 
lists, and that as early as the end of May and 
beginning of June purchasers are invited to 
buy. Of course, these early lists are of the 
wholesale order, and come first to the trade; 
but the most insignificant member of that trade 
seems not to be overlooked, and by thousands 
florists and seedsmen are invited to rush to 
Holland and purchase. It is true that the 
roots, as a rule, are not yet ripened and ready 
for disposal; but the extraordinary competition 
seen in the Dutch bulb trade bids fair presently 
to become a very Nemesis, and, as it were, by 
reason of its voracity, eat itself up. It may be 
that home growers derive the chief benefit from 
this remarkable competition, as bulbs and similar 
Dutch roots are now far more abundant and 
cheap than ever ; but, on the other hand, the 
home trade has been greatly cut about, so that 
it is hardly safe, much less profitable, for any 
but those houses which have a commanding 
trade here to embark in bulb transactions. 
Should these purchase largely—and, of course, 
the need for maintaining sound reputations com¬ 
pels them to obtain the best and also the dearest 
bulbs—they have the unpleasant experience of 
finding every one of their private customers a 
little later, specially invited by the irrepressible 
Dutchmen to purchase direct from them at 
prices so tempting as to inevitably abstract from 
the home trader much of his former custom. 
When such is the case, it is not possible that 
home traders can hope to get successful -and 
profitable results out of their enterprises, and 
hence it is not to he wondered at if those who 
in this way have burnt their fingers are becoming 
shy. But the Dutchmen are not now content 
with sending us their roots, for we hear grave 
complaints among home flower-growers for mar¬ 
ket that the vast quantities of Dutch Hyacinth- 
spikes which have been put into the market, has 
greatly injured the home trade in these and other 
flowers. Of course, the Dutchmen have the 
mostabsolute right to do this, even though it may 
end in killing the goose which lays the golden 
eggs, for it is obvious that were the British hull) 
trade to be destroyed, Holland would find its 
prosperity in that trade terribly shaken. On 
the other hand, there can be no doubt hut that 
purchasers of flowers, who are practically the 
home consumers, find in these Dutch flowers 
much of beauty and sweetness, and the flooding 
of the market is their gain. Still, it may 
presently prove that if it he no longer found 
profitable to grow Hyacinths at home for the 
production of flowers for sale, the Dutch will 
find their bulb trade gone, and have the flower 
trade alone upon which to exist. 
London, and, indeed, we may say Great 
Britain, has literally become the market of the 
world; hence there is not a flower-grower all 
over Europe but who does not hope and really 
endeavours to get his produce into that market. 
To many a distant producer England doubtless 
presents itself to his excited fancy as a sort of 
Eldorado, where we may shovel up gold in 
heaps. Yery probably many a poor man at home 
thinks the same thing of the colonies, and be¬ 
lieves that if he could only get there the hard 
crust of home may be transferred into a dainty 
feast. Life is a terrible struggle for existence 
everywhere, and its transformation from poverty 
to wealth and happiness exist only on the mimic 
stage. In real life the change is the other way; 
but it is well worthy the attention of home bulb 
traders and flower producers whether we have 
not largely helped to create a state of things 
which is becoming a grave danger. Does any¬ 
one doubt for a moment that the English 
demand for bulbs has not been the chief in¬ 
strument in making the bulb-growing trade 
what it is, and now in return for that pro¬ 
creation the child is striving to strangle the 
parent 1 ? "Without the child we could hardly 
have thriven, because we, too, have found the 
bulb trade indispensable to horticulture; but 
our error has been that we have fostered 
another’s child rather than our own—a very 
common error, not only in trade, but in our 
social life—and now that child strives to repay 
that consideration by pulling the habitation of 
the parents about their ears. 
We have heard of late something about the 
need for growing our own bulbs; it sounds 
very much like a voice crying in the wilderness, 
falling upon ears that are deaf. Here, at home, 
we are lamenting the decadence of the vocations 
allied to land culture; gardening is going down 
the hill, whilst agriculture is already at the 
bottom, and so on. Some of these jeremiades 
are, of course, fancy pictures, hut the de¬ 
pression is without doubt painfully existent; 
and yet the moment it is suggested that we 
should and can grow at home as good bulbs as 
the Dutch produce, the clever ones “pooh!” 
“ pooh ! ” and that is all the help they give to 
assist in getting out of a tremendous difficulty, 
whilst they will he the first to grumble about 
foreign competition. That we can grow Nar¬ 
cissi at home as freely as in the world anywhere 
is certain. "\Yho doubts hut that if we tried 
with similar energy and industry to that applied 
in Holland we could grow Hyacinths, Tulips, 
&c., at home also, and fully satisfy the demands 
of our own bulb trade 1 
The plea has been set up that even if bulbs of 
fine quality were grown at home the trade here 
would not purchase; hut on that point it is 
possible that public opinion could exercise some 
