756 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
July 31, 1886. 
DOWNSIDE, LEATHERHEAD. 
In his pretty garden, William Lee, Esq., lias made 
a model, which auy who have the means at their 
command could not do better than follow, doing as he 
did—begin well and afterwards keep all up to the 
mark. In the grounds are some very good examples of 
planting as a means of beautifying a garden without 
interfering too much with its space, and the 
manner in which the shrubs are trimmed over every 
year compels them to observe the limits allotted to 
them, and at the same time renders their appearance 
very neat. At the entrance lodge a very pretty effect 
is made by introducing among the other things a pair 
of variegated Acer negundo, beside which each has a 
tall dark tinted Irish Yew ; further up the drive 
another good feature is introduced by a clump of half- 
a-dozen very fine Cupressus Lawsoniana, and here and 
there the copper Beech tells up with the improving 
effect on all around, which it never fails to impart 
where it is judiciously used. The little garden of Roses, 
and the garden of herbaceous perennials and sweet- 
scented flowers, are literally covered with the varied 
tints of those charming flowers which appeal to the 
affections of all—Sweet Peas, Honeysuckles, Mignonette, 
Lilies, Clematis, &e. Passing the kitchen garden, 
which is restricted within its walls, the long walk with 
natural wood on the one side and a fine row of Limes 
on the other, the mansion is arrived at, and some of 
those pretty views which, in Surrey, always greets the 
eye from the high ground present themselves, that on 
the side looking over Leith Hill and Box Hill being 
especially charming. On this side is the terrace along 
which are vases of scarlet Pelargoniums with white 
Ivy-leaf kinds drooping over, and below is a level 
green, and a few bright coloured arrangements of bed¬ 
ding plants. 
The Large Conservatory 
and Fern rockeries under glass, joining the house, runs 
a length of 200 ft., and forms a delightful adjunct. 
It is a very ornamental structure, but, nevertheless, 
one in which the plants seem to thrive well, there being 
no evidence of decay in the grand specimens of green¬ 
house Rhododendrons, one of which, a Countess of 
Haddington, has a dense head over 5 ft. across, nor in 
the fine clumps of Camellias planted here and there. The 
roof is gay with the flowers of the crimson Tacsonia, 
and other climbers, and the whole building bright with 
Pelargoniums, Lilies, Carnations, &c., tastefully ar¬ 
ranged with Ferns and Palms; one of the latter, 
Seaforthia elegans standing over the water, towers to 
a height of 20 ft., and forms a splendid object. A 
great object of interest too, is a curious plant of the 
Elephant’s Foot (Testudinaria elephantipes), with its 
elegant twining growth rising from a most unlikely 
centre, much resembling the foot of the animal which 
gained it its popular name. 
The Fern Rockeries. 
These adjoin the conservatory in two divisions, the 
inner for Killarney Ferns, Todeas, Hymenopliyllums, 
&c., and the outer or larger one is planted with tree 
Ferns, and others suitable for the purpose, the whole 
having a very pretty and natural appearance, which is 
aided by some very curious Japanese designs in Davallia 
Mariesii, -which are suspended about, and look very 
effective covered with their bright green fronds. 
Many houses are devoted to the growth of plants for 
decoration, such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, Libonias, 
&c. Among the Carnations, the soft rose coloured 
Mary Morris is found to be a grand plant either in pot 
or border, and Pride of Penshurst is said to supply a 
free growing clear yellow much desired ; houses, too, are 
devoted to Azaleas and hard-wooded Heaths, as well as 
to the culture of fruit generally, the Peach houses and 
Vineries being in fine crop, the late house of Lady 
Downe’s Vines especially. 
The Orchids. 
But it is of no use beating about the bush any k longer. 
It must be said that Downside is what is commonly 
called an Orchid place, and if the possession of one of 
the largest, healthiest, and rarest collections in the 
country is any qualification, it is well entitled to the 
name. In this department, as in all the other parts of 
the garden, Mr. Lee follows his usual plan, and makes 
proper provision for his plants. Thus each of the sec¬ 
tions of Orchids has houses designed and built for 
them, or re-arranged so as to suit the things intended 
to be grown there, a plan which greatly simplifies the 
after treatment of the plants. The large Cattleya 
house (200 ft.) still keeps up its name for being a good 
house for the plants, the fine collection contained in it 
being in the best possible condition, a matter of no 
small importance to Orchid growers generally as well as 
the owner, for some of the plants contained in it are 
not to be found elsewhere. In bloom in it are some 
very handsome forms of the showy and useful Cattleya 
Gaskelliana, fragrant as Wallflowers, and a splendid 
lot of the many varieties of the variable, pretty, and 
sweet-smelling C. Eldorado, from the white form called 
Wallisii to the crimson-tipped C. Eldorado ornata, as 
well as the allied handsome white C. crocata, and the 
blush C. crocata rosea. 
Also in bloom in the Cattleya house are a splendid 
mass of the rare Lselia Turneri, with three spikes of 
nine or ten flowers each ; Laelia purpurata Warsce- 
wiczii, L. xanthina, the showy orange-coloured Chysis 
laevis ; the very curious Cirrhaea tristis, like a large 
insect with wings thrown back ; the equally curious 
Keiferstinia graminea, which is continually producing 
its blackish flowers ; Ccelogyne Schilleriana, a little 
beauty with white and orange flowers, only 2 ins. high, 
but almost that in size ; many varieties of the velvety 
purple Promemea stapelioides, &c. The Phalaenopsis 
house and house for warm Cypripediums, is the last 
new addition. In it much provision for humidity is 
made by planting an undergrowth of Pilea, Cyrtodeira, 
Tradescantia, &c., and the Orchids seem to be benefited 
by it. In flower here are Phalaenopsis violacea, Cypri- 
pedium marmorophyllum, C. Curtisii, C. Lawrenceanum, 
C. vexillarium, C. Godefroyee, C. Sedeni, C. grande, Epi- 
dendrum ionoplilebium, Cattleya Acklandi®, a fine 
specimen of Houlletia Brocklehurstiana, with two tall 
spikes of its large yellow and crimson fragrant flowers, 
and a good mass of the scarlet-spathed Anthurium 
Andreanum. In flower, too, in this division are a 
great number of that most beautiful Oneidium Jones- 
ianum, with long heavy sprays of spotted white-lipped 
flowers, which appear so unpromising with the reedy 
leaves hanging from the bare blocks before they flower, 
and so handsome when the blooms appear. There are 
many varieties of this plant, but while some are superb 
all are pretty. 
The other intermediate houses have in bloom some 
very showy Saccolabiums and iErides, Dendrobium 
Dearei, D. Dalliousianum, D. albo-sanguineum, D. 
ehrysanthum, D. infundibulum, D. longicornu, D. 
Jamesianum, D. aureum, Epidendrum Tovarense, E. 
prism atocarpum, Bifrenaria atropurpurea, Anguloa 
Clowesii, Lycaste Deppii ; some very fine Sobralia 
macrantha, Oneidium pumilum, O. Warnerianum, O. 
incurvum, Trichocentrum albo-purpureum, and Maxil- 
laria grandiflora. 
The Cool Orchids. 
These occupy many comfortable and commodious 
houses, all of which have their share of bloom even at 
this season, which is the least showy in the Orchid 
houses. The clear white sprays of Odontoglossum 
Alexandras and O. Pescatorei, seem never failing, and 
with the numerous flowers of Epidendrum vitelliuum 
majus, and a few bright Masdevallias, a good show is 
made. Of the Masdevallias there are a fine lot at 
Downside, one great mass of a fine crimson-flowered 
M. Harryana, having had over 130 blooms open at one 
time. Also in bloom in the cool houses are Masdevallia 
trochilus, M. porcellieeps, M. infracta purpurea, M. 
Davisii, M. rosea, M. erythrochsete, M. chimiera, M. 
Backhousiana, and some fine spikes of the large golden 
Oneidium maeranthum. 
Among the rarer plants in flower are Cattleya 
Brymeriana, a very handsome import of Messrs. Hugh 
Low & Co., like a hybrid between C. Eldorado and C. 
superba. It is a very charming thing, with prettily 
marked flowers with bright carmine front portion to its 
curiously shaped labellum ; Cypripedium Morgans, a 
very handsome hybrid, with C. Stonei, with broad 
petals like those of C. Stonei platytaenum ; Den¬ 
drobium Hughii, another of Messrs. Low’s new T plants, 
with slender red tinted growths, and pretty creamy 
yellow wax-like flowers ; Lcelia Amesiana, a very hand¬ 
some hybrid in the way of Cattleya exoniensis, with 
large blush-white flowers with showy crimson, beautifully 
fringed labellums ; Masdevallia Carderii, with pretty 
little bell-shaped flowers with three yellow tails radi¬ 
ating therefrom, and the newer still M. striatella, just 
named for Mr. Lee, it has pretty flowers something in 
shape like those of M. ionocliaris ; Dendrobium Ben- 
soniie xanthinum, a desirable variety with white and 
yellow flowers, the dark blotch of the normal form being 
wanting ; Anguloa Ruekerii, and A. II. sanguinea with 
their large fragrant helmet-shaped flowers varying in 
colour from reddish yellow to dark red ; Saccolabium 
Hendersonianum, a gem of a little plant with neat 
rose and white flowers ; the priceless white S. Heathii, 
and the very handsome Epidendrum Brassavola, which 
although not new to science, is very rare in gardens 
and very beautiful; its habit of growth is that of E. 
prismatocarpum, and its flowers, which are borne on 
upright spikes, are about 2 in. across, buff with long 
showy lip, white to yellow on the upper portion, and 
crimson in front. These and all the other treasures of 
the Downside garden speak more than words for the 
care of Mr. C. Voolford, the gardener. 
--> 2 <-- 
ON BUDDING- ROSES. 
As we are now at the end of July, we are, here in the 
north, well nigh at the end of the Rose season ; 
the time for making comparisons and taking notes is 
coming to an end, and their propagation by summer 
budding will now demand attention. It is on the 
latter subject that I desire to say a few words by way 
of a reminder to those amateurs among your readers who 
are not adepts in the art of budding, but who find a 
delightful and healthgiving occupation in the work, 
even -when they do not meet with the success desired. 
The splendid showers we have had lately, the clouded 
sky, and the humid atmosphere, have been most favour¬ 
able conditions for the budder, as the bark of the stock 
will part from the wood more freely, and thus render 
the process more easy, more successful, and consequently 
less vexatious than would be the case were the weather 
dry and hot. Of course, the new beginner must 
possess the qualities of determination and perseverance, 
for he cannot expect to be successful at first. It is 
practice that makes perfect, and a novice can never be 
as good as an expert, until by patient industry he ac¬ 
quires the needful amount of knowledge and practice. 
We will presume that some, those who understand a 
little of the business, have the stocks ready in the 
garden. “ What are stocks ?” asks an enthusiast who 
has been to a Rose show, and become enamoured of 
the Queen. “ Stocks, stocks—what are they ?” Why, 
stocks on which to bud your Roses, and there are 
various sorts of them, from one called Napoleon by the 
Messrs. Harrisons, of Darlington, down to the Manetti; 
but the stock that I wish to allude to is the common 
Dog Rose or Briar. You bud your Roses on one of 
these and it is called a stock. “Ah ! I understand 
now, and am sorry that I shall have to wait twelve 
months before I can have these said stocks ready for 
the operation.” Not necessarily so ; you are, perhaps, 
so situated that you can still do some budding this 
season, and so take Father Time by the forelock. In 
the woods, lanes, and hedgerows there are thousands of 
these stocks, Dog Roses, or Briars in many parts of the 
country, and all you have to do is to get the consent of 
Farmer Smith, Jones, or Brown, as the case may be, 
and then take your buds to the stocks. 
The articles required for budding will consist of a 
pocket knife, a small thin wood lath 4 ins. to 6 ins. 
long, by 1 in. broad, smooth, and with the corners 
rounded off at one end, or better still a small ivory 
paper knife, as a budding knife is no other than a small 
combination of these two ; a bunch of bast-matting or 
cotton, cut in lengths of 12 ins. to 16 ins., fastened to 
one of the buttons of your coat; and last but not least, 
shoots of various Roses you wish to take the buds from. 
The shoots selected must be healthy, firm, and of 
moderate size, as these produce the best and most plump 
buds. If these are not procurable, any nurserymen can 
supply buds at so much per dozen or hundred. Taking 
a stock in hand, commence by removing all but a 
couple of shoots at the top, around where the bud is 
to be inserted, break off the spines sideways, as they 
come off more easy, and with the left hand hold the 
shoot, and with the knife in the right hand make a cut 
lengthwise, 2 ins. to 3 ins. down the shoot on the upper 
side, 2 ins. or 3 ins. from the base. On the top side 
of the cut or stroke make a cross cut, so that it will 
then resemble the letter ~[". The bark must be clean 
cut through, then with the thin lath or paper knife, 
part and raise the bark on each side of the cut, com¬ 
mencing at the top and finishing at the bottom, thus 
opening each side outwards, which when open will ap¬ 
pear like the letter V, and is ready for the insertion of 
the bud. Taking one of the Rose shoots, select the 
