1882.] 
REGISTER OF NOVELTIES. 
11 
deners' Chronicle for November 19, 1881, 
p. 662. The plant illustrated at a is one of 
the examples forwarded by Mr. Thomas Moore 
to Mr. Berkeley, and by Mr. Berkeley sent on 
to me with a request that I would illustrate 
and describe it. The disease is caused by the 
presence of a nematoid worm belonging to the 
genus Tylenchus, as stated by Mr. Berkeley; 
and as it is to this gentleman that we are 
almost entirely indebted for our knowledge of 
nematoids in plants it is not without some 
hesitation that I accept the Bow of Ulysses, 
though in this instance proferred by Ulysses 
himself. When Mr. Berkeley first wrote on 
this subject his statements did not receive the 
attention they deserved, for, as is usually the 
case, some people could not and others would 
not see the nematoids. 
“ The symptoms of this disease in Carnations 
is manifested by large whitish or livid patches 
on the leaves, chiefly at and near the collar or 
crown of the plant as shown in the figure : at 
times these patches are higher up on the 
leaves. When a leaf is cut transversely 
through one of the livid spots and magnified 
ten diameters the cuticle is seen to be more 
or less disengaged from the cellular tissue on 
both sides of the leaf, as at n. If a good 
section is selected, the worms will be seen 
amongst the intercellular spaces of the sub¬ 
stance of the leaf, as illustrated, and in some 
instances the eggs of the worms will be seen 
just within the skin, as shown at b. In the 
specimen illustrated the majority of the eggs 
were in the collar of tho plant, near the root. 
At d is seen a fragment of the diseased Car¬ 
nation leaf magnified 80 diameters, with the 
worms still within their eggs, emerging from 
them, and quite free: the worms are seen 
coiled up within the semi-transparent eggs at 
the bottom of the illustration at d ; the 
common cells of the plant are seen on the 
right and left with vessels belonging to one of 
the leaf veins at e. 
“ One of the first things that struck me in 
the examination of these worms was their 
large size in comparison with tho minute 
nematoids belonging to diseased Cucumbers 
as originally described and illustrated many 
years ago by Mr. Berkeley, in the Gardeners' 
Chronicle. On referring to my own drawings 
of the nematoids of Cucumbers I found the 
difference in size very striking, and for the 
sake of comparison I have engraved tho 
nematoids of Cucumbers at f to the same 
scale as those from the Carnation at d ; the 
eggs and worms belonging to the Cucumber 
are seen in the middle of the illustration at f, 
the cellular tissue of the plant at right and 
left, and a group of vessels at g. Whether 
this difference in size is permanent, or whether 
it is of specific or of any importance I cannot 
say. 
“ The worms are no doubt (as suggested by- 
Mr. Berkeley) derived from the soil. In this 
instance they appear to attack the collar of 
the plant, and at this position get inside; 
here they lay their eggs, which, when hatched, 
produce other worms, and these different 
generations of nematoids eat their way 
upwards inside the leaves, and their presence 
of course causes the dead and livid patches. 
Few plants can survive such serious injuries, 
for it is by the leaves that to a great extent 
plants are able to carry on their existence. 
Burning the plants is generally recommended 
as the only means for the extirpation of the 
nematoids, and no doubt this is the best plan 
with already ruined plants ; but if the worms 
are first of all in the soil (as no doubt they 
are), one would think they could be easily 
reached by some distasteful dressing. The 
worms (as seen under the microscope) are 
very readily destroy r ed by the application of 
caustic materials.” 
REGISTER OF NOVELTIES. 
I N our last issue we announced our in¬ 
tention to dovote a portion of the 
\ Florist pages to a record of new 
introductions—a Register of Novelties 
—including New Plants introduced from 
foreign lands, New Flowers, New Fruits, and 
New Vegetables raised in our home gardens, 
when any of sufficient importance make then- 
appearance ; also New Garden Appliances in 
the multitudinous forms in which they find 
acceptance in modern gardens. We mako a 
commencement now, and shall be thankful to 
our correspondents and readers for any help 
towards making this register more complete as 
we go forward. We adopt tho term “ Novelty ” 
in rather a broad sense, as indicating not only 
subjects which are actually novel, but those 
