10 
HAY AND COTTON PRESSES, 
FOR HORSE POWER. 
“BULLOCK’S PATENT.” 
Plate IX. 
Progressive Lever Presses, with various modifications, and with one and two levers, have 
become the presses of the country. 
§ 63. The illustration in Plate IX, is one of the most approved modifications. 
The distinguishing characteristic of which is a “toggle joint,” having one of its legs 
extended beyond the fulcrum, so as to be used as a lever to which the power may be applied 
by any convenient means to operate it. 
This lever at one end is attached directly to the follower or weight to be raised as at W, 
Fig 1; its fulcrum forms the centre of the toggle, 
as at Xi, Fig. 1, and is of course “ movable” as the 
toggle changes position, and the part of the lever 
between this fulcrum L, and the follower W, Fig. 
1, is virtually one leg of the toggle,which, in connec¬ 
tion with the extension beyond the fulcrum the ot¬ 
her way to P, Fig. 1, becomes the operating lever as 
before mentioned, forming a lever of the first class. 
The lower leg of the toggle E, Fig. 1, being ex¬ 
actly equal in length to that part of the lever which 
extends from the fulcrum L to the follower W, 
their motions are similar and simultaneous, and 
-W'Jfy I/ TTvpi: consequently the lower or stationary end of leg E 
’ /y— must be and is, at all times, precisely beneath the 
„ point of attachment of the other leg to the fol- 
Fig. 2. Fig. 3. f oweratw . 
The upper end of leg E terminates at L and forms a movable fulcrum, which, in opera¬ 
tion, produces the progressive power and moves the follower directly upwards without pro¬ 
ducing any side thrust at the point of connection with the follower or weight at W. 
The movement of the follower or weight is shown by the perpendicular dotted line in 
Fig. 1; and that of the fulcrum L is shown by the curved dotted line E, Fig. 1. 
The operation is shown in Fig. 2, with follower or weight partially raised. Fig. 3 shows 
still further progress of the levers and raising of the weight; the same letters referring to 
the same parts in each figure. 
§ 64. This is the Feature and Gist of “Bullock’s Patent,” although often modified in 
many ways to suit different kinds of work and various forms of presses, it is still the 
same in principle, whether operated by a system of ropes and pullies, or a segment of a 
wheel and pinion; and any press involving this principle, and not claiming to be made 
under “ Bullock’s Patent,” or suppressing the knowledge of the same and called by any 
other name, is made, sold and used in violation of the Patent, and is a fraud against the 
proprietors of the same. 
The Press represented in Plate IX, it will be observed, has two sets of these toggles 
and levers placed in position and parallel with each other, and are both operated in unison by 
the same power. 
The upper ends are attached one at each end of and to the under side of the follower, for 
the purpose of securing a uniform level position of the follower, and preventing its being 
tilted by unequal pressure of material in the Press, upon different points of the follower. 
This is by some considered a better way of governing the follower, than splines and grooves 
in the inside of the Press,, as usually constructed when but one lever is used; although by 
duplicating the operating parts,, the cost is considerably increased, and longer posts are 
required, making the Press of greater height and considerably heavier to move about. 
There are others, however, who consider this method as being better, more in theory than 
in practice, and that the advantage is not always sufficient to warrant the increased cost. 
It is for this reason that the patentee has not used this combination for many years, though 
he formerly made compressing Cotton Presses in this manner, some of which are and have 
been in use over ten years. 
$ 65. Another method of controlling the follower while being forced upward by a single 
lever of the same kind, is to place at and under each corner of the follower a stout pinion, 
having a corresponding rack for each attached to the inside of the frame of the Press. 
These pinions are connected together by two stout shafts on the under side of the follower, 
so that the two pinions on either side may revolve in unison ; this mechanism insures both 
ends of the follower to be always at the same height, and thus prevents tilting as before. 
The cost of this Press is. about the same as that of the Double or Parallel Lever Press, and 
is doubtless equally good, and also includes as before the Bullock Patent Lever. 
§ 66. There are many styles of the Single Lever Press without either ot the above arrange¬ 
ments, which are so made as to operate in all respects fully equal to them, and have besides 
some advantages in their construction, strength and convenience, as well as in first cost. 
Being of less weight, more simple in construction, having fewer working parts, they are 
not as often subject to mishaps, and are more easily and cheaply repaired and kept in order. 
