100 
THE GARDENING world 
October 16, 1886. 
opposite tlie barracks in Hyde Park, another Chestnut 
tree is partly in bloom, with tender green leaves show¬ 
ing on the boughs. 
The body of William Wardale, aged about 33, and 
who was employed as gardener at The Lodge, Harrow 
Weald, Harrow, was discovered late on Sunday night, 
in a secluded part of the grounds, with a gunshot 
wound in his left breast. 
The business which has been carried on at the 
Victoria Nursery, Reading, by Mr. G. Phippen and 
the executor of his late father’s will, will, in future, 
be carried on by himself solely. 
The First Annual Show of Chrysanthemums 
and other autumnal flowers and fruit will be held in 
the Agricultural Hall, Watford, on Tuesday and 
Wednesday, November 16th and 17tli, 1886. 
Messrs. Follows & Bate, manufacturers of lawn 
mowers, garden engines, &c., have removed from the 
premises they have long occupied to their new works 
at Gorton, Manchester. 
Mr. L. Black, second gardener at Darwen Bank, 
Preston, has been appointed head gardener to J. W. 
Radcliffe, Esq., Swarthdale, nearCarnforth, Lancashire. 
The American Florist states that a floral design 
representing a thousand-mile ticket, with all the 
coupons removed, and lettered “Mileage Gone and 
Journey Ended,” used at the funeral of a commercial 
traveller at Burlington, Iowa, is the latest from beyond 
the Mississippi. 
The same journal also notes that Mr. Smith, of the 
botanical gardens, Washington, D. C., is re-naming 
certain plants. The Dieffenbachia seguina that poisoned 
Humboldt has been re-cliristened the “Mother-in-law 
plant, ” because it is a tongue paralyser. 
It is probable that a commercial botany class will 
shortly be commenced at the Liverpool University, with 
Mr. Harvey Gibson as its teacher. The aim of the 
class is stated to be—to impart a sound knowledge of 
the nature and the methods of preparation of the 
principal commercial products of the world, which owe 
their origin directly or indirectly to the vegetable 
kingdom. 
Mr. Edwin Elliott, Seedsman, Huddersfield, read 
a paper on Saturday evening last, on “Paxton or 
Gardeners’ Societies. ” at a meeting of the Huddersfield 
Paxton Society. Dr. Rhodes, the President, took the 
chair, and there was a good attendance of members. 
Mr. Elliott dealt mainly with the work of such 
societies, and the advantages to be derived from them 
by gardeners ; and a lively discussion followed, iu 
which the President, Messrs. Chambers, Millan, and 
others took part. 
An Illustrated Handbook of Victoria, Australia, has 
just been issued by the Government of the colony 
named, “for the use of intending emigrants, and to 
disseminate generally a better knowledge of the resources 
of the colony, its trades and products. ” The various 
chapters are ably written, and the pages devoted to 
horticulture will be found specially interesting and 
instructive to gardeners thinking of emigrating. We 
may add that the work has been sent to all the public 
libraries. 
We learn from America that a Chrysanthemum 
show is to be held this season in New York, and that it 
promises, for extent, to eclipse anything seen in this 
country. The exhibition is to remain open six days, 
including a Sunday, and no less than £1,000 are 
offered in prizes. It it also intended to issue a thirty- 
two page catalogue, and a large sum is to be expended 
on its production. Some of our leading growers, who 
have ample surplus blooms in November, will regret 
that such liberal prizes are not to be competed for a 
little nearer London. 
A Nursery Rating Case.— For some time past 
the Penge Vestry and Mr. E. B. Haynes, have been in 
dispute as to the proper valuation of the Penge Nursery, 
Mr. Haynes claiming that the residence only should 
be rated fully to all rates, and that the land and forcing 
houses should be rated as to only one-fourth. The 
Parish recognise that that is the proper basis, but they 
say that applies only to sewers and consolidated rates, 
and not to the others, whereas Mr. Haynes maintains 
they apply to all. On Saturday last the matter came 
before the Croydon magistrates, Mr. Haynes being 
summoned to show cause why a distress warrant should 
not be issued against him, for the non-payment of 
£39 15s. 6|(f. due for rates. Mr. Besley, in opening 
the case for the overseers, told the magistrates (Mr. 
Edridge and a full Bench), that they had no power in 
the matter, except to grant the warrant applied for— 
they could not, if they wished, alter the amount ; he 
quoted authorities, which seemed to be conclusive, for 
the magistrates said they were powerless in the matter, 
not even being able to grant a case or refer the 
matter to a higher court, but that Mr. Haynes had his 
remedy should the Parish unfairly distrain. Mr. 
Besley confined himself to the assertion that the 
■warrant must be granted, as the magistrate had no 
jurisdiction. The defendant contended that he had 
been over-charged, the Act of Parliament clearly 
stating that nurserymen, florists, farmers and occupiers 
of arable land should only be called upon to pay one- 
fourth of the rateable value. In this case the over¬ 
seers had charged him one-fourth in respect of his 
land, but they had demanded the full amount of the 
poor, lighting and police rate for his glasshouses. He 
held that a nurseryman’s houses were quite as neces¬ 
sary for him to keep his stock in as a cellar was to a 
publican. At Tottenham a case was fought, and the 
justices decided in favour of the florist, who used his 
houses for the purposes of his trade. He (the defend¬ 
ant) would be glad if the Bench would state a case, as 
he was determined to have the opinion of the Court of 
Queen’s Bench on the subject. The chairman said 
they could not do that. They must grant the warrant 
asked for by Mr. Besley. Defendant : As the matter 
is to be fought out, will you kindly allow the warrant 
to stand over ? Mr. Besley : You can take the matter 
to the House of Lords. The warrant asked for was 
then granted. Mr. Besley applied for costs, but the 
magistrates declined to make any order, except for 3s., 
the cost of the summons. 
-—<- 
AUTUMN FASHIONS IN 
FLOWERS. 
Arrangements with wild flowers are done so elegantly 
that many.persons wish they could retain these blossoms. 
Golden Rod, purple Thistles, baby Daisies, and the 
yellow Ox-eyes, combined with pink Clover and the 
wild Phlox, are elegant in room decorations, where a 
profusion of these blossoms appear. In using wild 
flowers, there must be a quantity to produce rich effects. 
The handsomest room arrangement of the week, was 
made at Tarrytown-on-tlie-Hudson for a wedding. 
The majority of the effects were worked out with 
coloured foliage—the light boughs of trees that had 
turned from green to brilliant hues. A large frame¬ 
work was made at one end of the drawing room—a sort 
of cornice with three arches. This was covered with 
the boughs, which were supended so as to form lambre¬ 
quins of nature’s tapestry. The centre lambrequin was 
permitted to droop the lowest. About 3 ft. at back of 
these were screens of Smilax, over which were running 
branches of La France Roses. The effect from the 
room was a green background, with the Roses climbing 
it, and then the bright drapery of leaves surmounting 
these. On one side of the leaf-cornice, a spray of pale 
Roses extended to the edge of the centre lambrequin, 
and here was a large cluster of these flowers. 
Noble effects are to be made with foliage this 
season. Although quantities of large flowers will 
combine with it, very beautiful and artistic ideas will 
be worked out with Ferns, Vines and mosses. Besides 
these greens stronger ones will be employed. Ever¬ 
greens, Ivies, Laurel, etc., have been ordered by the 
ton for certain decorations in saloons, where there is 
ample space for grand effects. Smilax is decidedly un¬ 
fashionable for garlanding, and, for that matter, gar¬ 
landing is quite antiquated. Smilax is useful for 
filling in, but in the choice decorations it is subordinate. 
The foliage of Gardenia Fortunei grandiflora will be 
used extensively with Orchids, especially in table 
decorations. It is firm and polished, and will not 
easily wilt. It is handsome in combination with 
Orchids ; much more so than Ferns or Asparagus. 
Fashion points to the use of butterflies and insects 
in connection with flowers. These are placed on wires 
and are made to look as if fluttering about the blossoms. 
Care must be observed to select suitable butterflies for 
the flowers chosen. In a Daisy decoration made for a 
children’s birthday party, banks of these flowers were 
placed on mantles, cabinets and mirror bases, and bevies 
of these insects hovered over the blossoms, making a most 
fantastic spectacle. When this style of decoration is 
made, butterflies of flowers are usually the designs 
placed on the piano, sides of easels, or wherever an 
ornamental piece is required. These butterflies produce 
rich and unique effects if made up in variety—some 
light, others of brilliant flowers, and naturally placed 
as if just alighting. They are exceedingly pretty for 
wall designs if worked out in a shapely and finished 
fashion. 
Probably the most elegant arrangements of the winter 
will be those made with blue and pink Hydrangeas, 
which are to be forced for a leading florist. Blue and 
pink dinners will be ornamented with these blossoms, 
and the plants will be used frequently on the table. 
Water Lilies of different colours are also to be forced, 
principally for table designs. Low silver dishes are 
much in vogue for table centre-pieces ; these are filled 
with Lilies as a rale, and are very chaste designs. 
There is nothing so stylish at present as Orchids, and 
particularly on the table. Effects are made with 
Cattleyas and Phakenopsis, chiefly, and usually on 
table covers of satin. Very odd was a luncheon orna¬ 
mentation made this week. The table-cloth was of 
cream-coloured satin. The centre was covered with a 
large cushion of Asparagus tenuissimus, which had 
trailing pieces of the Vine that crept out nearly to the 
ends of the board. In the centre foliage were laid 
Phalaenopsis, and a few flowers dotted the Vines- 
through the table. The ladies’ favours were a small 
cluster of Orchid and Asparagus with a bouquet pin of 
filigree gold for fastening. 
Wild Violets, Mignonette, Narcissus poeticus and. 
Lily of the Valley will take the lead in spring flower 
decorations, which are ordered extensively for enter¬ 
tainments for young people. All these blossoms are in 
process of being forced for early winter use, and they 
will be the choicest filling for the boxes of cut flowers 
now so popular for gifts. The Orchid boxes sent out 
by a fashionable .florist are marvels of elegance. The 
prevailing colours of the flowers are shown on the out¬ 
side and lining of the boxes, which are satin, plush or 
velvet, and sometimes a combination of all these 
fabrics. There are small cords of gilt fastened in the 
box to tie in the bunch of loose flowers. There are 
Violet boxes of new patterns, Lily boxes and Rose 
boxes ; these are silk as a rule, but some of them are 
of satin cardboard. 
The Campanello Marguerite bell is the leading 
novelty of the season, and bids fair to have a swifter 
run in flowers than it has had in gold. This charm, 
talisman or amulet is made up in all sizes and for a 
souvenir, ornamental table design or wedding bell. 
Klunder makes it up in gold flowers to-day, and as it 
reposes on a blue velvet cushion in his window, 
surrounded by lacy Ferns, it attracts a crowd of 
admirers. The Campanello bell was described in the 
floral fashions of a month-since; made up in Oncidiums 
it is a delightful object. Its square shape, convex 
sides, and slender straight tongue should be nicely 
defined. 
Wedding bouquets of the most fashionable descrip¬ 
tion are composed of Dendrobiums, Orange flowers and 
fruit. The Orchids are placed on one side, and the 
blossoms, buds and fruit of the Orange tree on the 
other. The sash that ties the bunch is composed of 
satin ribbon the exact colour of the fruit. Another - 
stylish wedding bunch is made of Stephanotis and 
Orchids, from fifty to seventy-five Orchid flowers being 
placed in the bunch. The sash is of ivory-coloured 
satin ribbon. A number of the brides are carrying 
Lily of the Valley bunches or those composed of Bride 
Roses, but neither of these are the highest style. 
Corsage bouquets are charming, and are well adapted 
to the bodices made with the vests of linen or lace, now 
so popular. For full dress bunches, three large Roses 
are placed in a line to proceed from the point where 
the bodice comes together under the vest. Each Rose 
is set around with light foliage, the Asparagus being 
favourite; under these Roses is a large cluster of foliage— 
Ferns usually—which extends to the waist. It is 
evident that foliage is to occupy larger space in every 
design. An arrangement like the one just described is 
made for street wear of purple Asters, or the dark 
crimson single Dahlias. 
Some very elaborate funeral pieces have been sent 
out fi om the florists stores this week. Gordon made a 
wreath and sheaf of wheat with high finish. The wreath 
was a broad circle of full-blown Roses, festooned with 
