694 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
July 2, 1887. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
(Concluded from p. 662). 
I am no advocate for early potting, as if the plants 
are potted, say early in June, long before they are 
in flower, the plant food contained in the soil is 
exhausted ; and however much good artificial manure 
may do, I do not think it ever does the plant the 
same good as the food that is contained naturally in 
the soil. Therefore, I would recommend the third 
week in June as being quite early enough to begin to 
give the plants their final shift ; and for this use the 
same soil as recommended for the last potting. Here 
I may remark that although good soil is a thing to be 
greatly desired, it will never give good flowers without 
that close attention to each individual plant, which is 
required to become a successful plant grower. 
The strong-growing varieties may be placed in 9-in. 
pots, which I have found to be large enough, as if the 
plant does not fill the pot well with roots, we must not 
expect to get good flowers from it. The weaker- 
growing varieties may be put in 8-in. pots. In potting 
them this time, leave at least 2 ins. for top-dressing, 
which will be found of immense advantage to the 
plants after their buds are formed. As the plants are 
potted, have them placed in rows in an open position 
where they are to remain for the summer ; if possible, 
have the rows running north and south, so as to allow 
the sun to get at the plants to keep the wood well 
ripened. Here we have a question cropping up as to 
whether we ought to plunge the pots or not ? I think 
it makes little difference either way. After the plants 
are placed in rows, have a stake put to each shoot, and 
a strong one driven in at each end of the row, with a 
few between on which to stretch a line, tying the 
plants thereto to keep them from being blown about 
or broken with the wind. Keep a sharp look out now 
that the plants do not suffer from want of water, and 
on all fine afternoons have them syringed overhead. 
If we keep our plants to one or three stems, all lateral 
shoots will have to be pinched out as they make their 
appearance. As the flower-bud appears in June or 
July have it removed, and allow three shoots from 
each stem to grow, which in their turn will form 
crown buds from the middle of August to the beginning 
of September. Try and select the late-flowering 
varieties earliest so as to have the collection in flower 
about the same time ; more especially is this desired 
if the flowers are wanted for exhibition. The plants 
which had been cut back from the middle of May to 
the beginning of June, and three shoots allowed to 
grow, which were allowed again to break into three 
growths about the end of June or beginning of July, 
will have nine flowers on each plant, and the plants 
allowed only one stem up to the end of June or 
beginning of July will have three flowers on each 
plant. Although we often find plants kept to one 
stem producing a single flower only, a plant in an 8-in. 
or 9-in. pot is quite able to perfect three flowers fit for 
exhibition. Plants for specimens should be stopped 
for the last time about the middle of June, keeping 
the shoots well tied out to admit light to the foliage. 
This will also enable the plants to retain the leaves, 
which are of great assistance in setting off the flowers. 
As the pots get filled with roots the plants may be 
assisted by the aid of manure water. Here again crops 
up the question which is the best among the many 
recommended, but it is not so much any particular 
kind of stimulant, as the manner in which it is used, 
that makes it successful; but whatever kind may be 
selected, it is much better to use it weak at the com¬ 
mencement. The space left in the pots at potting time 
may be filled up about the beginning of September, 
only allowing enough room for watering. The compost 
may consist of the same material as the plants were 
potted in, adding a little more bone meal. I may here 
remark that after trying a great many of the manures 
so highly recommended for plant-growing, I have come 
to the conclusion that there is none of them so cheap 
and satisfactory as bone meal. The plants will require 
to be taken in about the first of October ; indeed, late- 
flowering varieties may with advantage be taken in ten 
days earlier, and here comes another important point to 
know how long it will take a flower to expand from a 
certain time. This, I am afraid, will only be learnt by 
experience and close attention ; but a large amount of 
success can be obtained by knowing which flowers to 
retard, and which to push on. 
There is also much to be learned in the dressing of 
flowers for exhibition, which is only to be gained by 
practice and patience ; but there can be no doubt an 
incurved bloom is much improved by being dressed. 
Japanese varieties, on the other hand, the rougher they 
are the better they look, and this may account for the 
Japanese being so much more largely grown among 
amateurs, than incurved varieties. There is not much 
enthusiasm just now about Chrysanthemums, but wait 
until they are in flower again, when the enthusiasm 
rises to fever heat, and the merits of each individual 
flower is severely criticised, and long lists made out for 
the following season. Old varieties are thrown away 
to make room for others, perhaps inferior ones. 
The following is a list of three dozen of the best 
Japanese and three dozen Incurved Chrysanthemums, 
arranged in order of merit : 
Japanese Chrysanthemums. 
1 Mad. C. Audiguier 
2 Madlle. Lacroix 
3 Comte de Germiny 
4 Japonaise 
5 Jeanne Delaux 
6 Fair Maid of Guernsey 
7 Yal d’Andorre 
8 Criterion 
9 Elaine 
10 Thunberg 
11 Belle Paule 
12 Bertier Benda tier 
13 Baronne de Prailly 
14 Mad. John Laing 
15 Triomphe de la Rue des 
Chalets 
16 Mons. Farm 
17 ,, Freeman 
18 Balmoreau 
19 Marguerite Marroueh 
20 M. Burnet 
21 Fanny Boucharlat 
22 La Triomphante 
23 Gloriosum 
24 Coquette de Castile 
25 Soleil Levant 
26 Maiden’s Blush 
27 Bouquet Fait 
28 Hiver Fleurii 
29 Mad. de Sevin 
30 Triomphe du Nord 
31 Fernand Feral 
32 Peter the Great 
33 L’Adorable 
34 Mons. Astorg 
35 ,, Burnet 
36 Meg Merrilies. 
Incurved Chrysanthemums. 
1 Empress of India 
2 Golden Empress of 
India 
3 Queen of England 
4 Lord Alcester 
5 Jeanne d’Arc 
6 Lord "Wolseley 
7 Prince Alfred 
8 John Salter 
9 Hero of Stoke 
Newington 
10 Princess of Wales 
11 Golden Queen of 
England 
12 Princess of Teck 
13 Jardin des Plantes 
14 Nil Desperandum 
15 Barbara 
16 Beverley 
17 Refulgens 
18 Mr. Bunn 
19 Mrs. Heale 
20 ,, W. Shipman 
21 Prince of Wales 
22 Cherub 
23 Princess Beatrice 
34 Lady Hardinge 
25 ,, Slade 
26 White Yenus 
27 Novelty 
28 Venus 
29 Baron Beust 
30 Empress Eugenie 
31 Mr. Cobay 
32 Mrs. Geo. Rundle 
33 George Glenny 
34 Golden G. Glenny 
35 Gloria Mundi 
36 Alfred Salter. 
During its growing period the Chrysanthemum is 
subject to a few enemies, the principal of which is 
green-fly, which may be destroyed by dusting the tips 
of the shoots with tobacco-powder, or syringing with 
soft soap and water ; I prefer the latter. Then there is 
the larvse of an insect which destroy the foliage by 
tunnelling passages between the two surfaces of the 
leaf. I know of no cure for this except hand-picking. 
Then we have mildew, which often attacks the young 
plants if kept too close, and again in the autumn before 
the plants are taken indoors. The most effectual cure 
for this is to lay them on their sides, and syringe with 
a mixture of 1 lb. of sulphur to 4 galls, of water ; 
indeed, it is wise to take this precaution should there 
be ever so little mildew showing on the plants before 
they are taken indoors, for should any occur on them 
then it soon spreads, doing serious damage to the 
plants, and causing them, in a short time, to lose 
nearly all their leaves. As I mentioned before, the 
flowers are set off to better advantage when they are 
accompanied by good healthy foliage.— A. Wright, 
Devonhurst. 
NEW PLANTS CERTIFICATED 
By the Floral Committee of the R.H. S. 
June 28 th, 1887. 
Heuchera sanguinea. 
The merits of this handsome and really ornamental 
hardy plant have at last been recognised and acknow¬ 
ledged by the granting of a certificate. From a dense 
carpet of cordate, orbicular, toothed leaves, the leafless 
scapes rise to the height of 12 ins. or 15 ins., bearing a 
branching one-sided panicle of scarlet flowers. The 
whole calyx is coloured alike and constitutes the chief 
ornament of the flower, the petals being minute and 
white or pink. The plant was lifted from the open 
ground and was well flowered. Exhibited by Mr. T. S. 
Ware, Hale Farm Nurseries, Tottenham. 
Cypripedium superciliare. 
The foliage of this species resembles that of C. 
Lawrencianum, but the contrasting shades of green 
and greyish green are less pronounced. The flowers, 
however, are fine, the labellum being large, deep 
purple and spotted near the base. The oblong petals 
are suffused with rose and marked with black spots 
along both margins, but chiefly the upper. The 
large orbicular standard is striped with green along the 
centre, and with purple towards the sides on a white 
ground. Exhibited by Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., 
M.P., Burford Bridge, Dorking. 
CATTLEYA LABIATA LECCOPH-EA. 
The sepals and petals of this variety are blush 
coloured, and reveal nothing novel ; the lower part of 
the lip is also of the same colour, but the terminal 
lobe is beautifully crisped at the margin, and of a 
singularly curious slate colour. In this respect we 
have a new departure amongst Cattleyas, and some¬ 
thing really distinct. Another marked peculiarity 
of the plant is its short thick pseudo-bulb and broad, 
short, leathery leaf; both very marked characters if 
they remain constant. Exhibited by F. G. Tautz., 
Esq. (Mr. J. C. Cowley, gardener), Studley House, 
Hammersmith. 
Aerides expansum Leona:. 
A general view of this plant shows distichous, leathery, 
deep green leaves, obliquely notched at the tip, and an 
arching raceme of large, expanded and nearly flat 
flowers. The sepals and petals are blush with purple 
or violet tips, and, besides numerous small spots, the 
labellum is furnished with a large purple blotch on 
the upper portion and along the elevated or ridged 
centre. Besides being a well-marked variety, the 
plant is further enhanced in value by being deliciously 
fragrant. Exhibited by F. G. Tautz, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. J. C. Cowley), Studley House, Hammersmith. 
Syrenga japonica. 
If this new Japan species proves hardy over the 
greater extent of Britain, it cannot fail to become a 
general favourite, from the great quantity of bloom 
produced and its delicate and agreeable fragrance. The 
large ovate leaves are perfectly unlike those of the 
commoner species, and the white flowers are produced 
in dense terminal panicles. The tube of the flower is 
short and comparable to that seen in Ligustrum 
japonicum, or some other of the large leathery-leaved 
species. The species are, moreover, so abundantly 
distinct from all the other Lilacs, that no collection can 
be complete without it. Exhibited by Messrs. J. 
Yeitch & Sons, Chelsea. 
Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum semi-duplex. 
It is to be hoped that growers will improve on the 
semi-double flower now in hand, a form of the common 
Ox-eye Daisy of our meadows. A race of varieties might 
be obtained, which would be valuable from their 
extreme hardiness and strictly perennial nature. The 
pure white flat rays are more numerous than usual, 
while inside of these many of the disc florets are 
developed into long, slender, white segments. The 
unaffected part of the disc is of the usual bright yellow 
colour. Exhibited by Messrs. Saltmarsh & Son, The 
Nurseries, Chelmsford. 
Tea Rose, Cleopatra. 
The beauty of this Rose in the half-expanded state is 
very charming, and has been described by connoisseurs 
as the perfection of what we should expect in a Rose. 
The petals are broad and rounded, the outer being 
revolute at the margin, or rolled away from the firm 
central part. The whole flower is of a rosy blush, 
somewhat tinted with salmon in the centre. The leaves 
are deep green with reddish margins. Exhibited by 
Mr. H. Bennett, Pedigree Rose Nursery, Shepperton, 
Middlesex. 
Delphinium Chamont. 
The exterior of the sepals in this form is of a violet- 
purple colour, while the interior is of an intense blue. 
In striking contrast to this, the petals, which are con¬ 
siderably larger than in the variety Britannia, are 
distinctly purple and fill up the centre of the flowers. 
The latter are borne in a long dense raceme, and are 
pleasing on account of the close, but not densely 
packed, nor lumpy condition of the individual blooms. 
Exhibited by Messrs. Kelway & Sons, Langport, 
Somerset. 
