710 
THE HARDENING WORLD. 
July 9, 1887. 
enough to allow of the fullest expansion without 
quartering, as it is called, or exhibiting any vacancy 
between the petals. 
3rd.—The petals should be thick, smooth, and stiff, 
and keep their form well. 
4th.—The ground-colour should be clear and distinct, 
whether white or yellow. The least stain, even at the 
lower end of the petals, renders a Tulip of less value. 
5th.—Whatever be the disposition of colours or 
marks upon a Tulip, all the six petals should be marked 
alike, and be, therefore, perfectly uniform. 
6th.—The feathered flowers should have an even, 
close feathering all round, and whether narrow or 
wide, light or heavy, should reach far enough round 
the petals to form, when expanded, an unbroken 
edging. 
7tli.—If the flower has any marking besides the 
feathering at the edge, it should be a bold mark down to 
the centre, but not reaching the bottom of the cup. 
This mark must be similar in all the six petals. 
8th.—Flowers not feathered, and with the flame 
only, must have no marks on their edges. Hone of 
the colours must break to the edge. The colour may 
be disposed in any form so that it be perfectly uniform 
in all the petals, aud does not go too near the bottom. 
9th.—The colour, whatever it maybe, must be dense 
and decided, whether it be delicate and light or bright 
or dark ; it must be distinct in its outline, and not 
shaded or flushed. 
10th.—The height should be 18 ins. to 36 ins. ; 
the former is right for the outside row in a bed, and 
the latter is right for the highest row. 
11th.—The purity of the w T hole and the brightness 
of the yellow should be permanent—that is to say, 
should stand until the petals actually fall .—Polvian 
Jlooy, EaMrlem. 
( To be continued). 
-- 
ORCHIDS AT STUDLEY HOUSE, 
HAMMERSMITH. 
I sometimes think that notes on collections of 
Orchids are too often written for the Orchid fancy 
alone, and writers are apt to use certain set terms that 
while fully comprehended by the initiated ones, are 
rarely comprehended by those who may be denominated 
outsiders, who are anxious to learn something about 
Orchids, but desire to have the information conveyed 
to them in simple and comprehensive language. That 
Orchids are just now a kind of horticultural rage there 
can be no doubt, and gentlemen of means, from dukes 
down to tradesmen, are forming collections ; but 
whether from the simple love of the thing, or from a 
desire to make a commercial speculation, it is not for 
me to say. I do not profess to know much about 
Orchids, and perhaps that may be a qualification for 
writing about them ; for some of those who do write 
about them are apt to use learned designations that 
confuse a simple mind. I mean to try to set 
down my impression of what I saw in the collection 
of Mr. F. G. Tautz, at Studley House, a few days 
ago. 
How Mr. Tautz is an enthusiast about Orchids, and 
that has an important bearing on success. Further, 
his gardener knows his business thoroughly, and so the 
plants are well grown in the most healthy condition, 
and the houses are neat and clean as a new pin. Then 
the houses appear to me to be well adapted for the 
purpose for which they are intended ; though Mr. 
Tautz states that if he were going to build Orchid 
houses again, he would have small ones, with the stages 
breast high, so that the plants could be kept near the 
glass. One thing more, I think that if anyone 
interested in Orchids will find their way to Studley 
House, they will be well received ; and Mr. Tautz, and 
his gardener also, will take great pleasure in showing 
the visitor all they can. 
I first of all went into what may be termed the 
flowering house—an oblong erection, with a stage in 
the centre and also round the sides. It was delightful 
to see so much and such variety in bloom. Here were 
two very fine forms of Ltelia purpurata—a peer among 
Orchids, one having a singularly rich purple lip ; also 
L. grandis, with nankeen-yellow sepals and petals and 
a rosy-lined lip. Here was Cattleya Skinneri oculata, 
with its dark throat ; a very fine piece of that striking 
species, Oncidium Marshallianum, with a branched 
inflorescence of some sixty flowers ; Cattleya Mossise 
in fine variety and C. Lawrenceana ; Masdevallia 
Bella, with its white labellum ; Epidendrum atro- 
purpureum, an old Orchid not often seen ; Masdevallia 
psittacina ; Aerides Ballantineana, very distinct and 
peculiar; a very fine piece or two of the distinct 
Cymbidium Lowianum, which has proved an excellent 
exhibition Orchid ; Cattleya Acklandise, with spotted 
sepals and petals, very fine ; and some fine forms of 
Odontoglossum citrosnnim—one with a pale purple or 
mauve-purple lip ; one pure white, very soft and 
pretty ; one called 0. punetatum, slightly spotted on 
the pale lip ; and one pure white, with the petals 
densely spotted. Cattleya Trianre Schroderie was here 
in two or three forms, also Colax jugosus and Den- 
drobium albo-sanguineum. Here, too, was Polystachia 
pubescens, with its small yellow fragrant flowers ; 
Cattleya Mossise magnifica ; the orange Dendrobium 
elavatum, D. suavissimum and D. Yeitchianum, very 
peculiar; Odontoglossum Reichenheimii, with 150 
flowers on a massive branched spike, and 0. Roezlii in 
variety, some very fine ; the noble Phaius "Wallichii ;■ 
and Epidendrum Parkinsonianum, with yellowish green 
sepals and petals and white labellum. 
Then to the Yanda house, where was also to be seen 
Cypripediums, Phalfenopsis, &c. Here again I set 
down on paper such things as I liked : among them, 
Cypripedium Lawrenceanum, with two very fine 
flowers, having lines of dark wine-crimson on the crest; 
C. Harrisianum, C. Morganiee, C. ciliolare, very fine ; 
C. Swannianum, C. selligerum majus, C. Lowii, C. 
turpe, C. tonsium, C. caudatum "Wallisii, C. callosum, 
C. Peteri, C. Hookeri, and its variety aureum, said to 
be a very scarce novelty; C. Laforcade, C. Io, C. 
Boxallii atratum, of a distinct maroon-brown colour ; 
C. barbatum superbum, C. AYarneri, C. concolor, C. 
Fairrieanum, a new species, said by Mr. Tautz to be 
one of the finest plants in the country ; C. microchilum, 
C. Druryi, C. Sedeni caudatum, C. Dauthierii, C. 
niveum superbum, &c. In fact, in this collection 
appeared to be almost everything that is new and 
rare. The Lady’s Slippers are potted in peat, 
sphagnum, charcoal and a little loam, and they 
appear to do uncommonly well in it. In addition, 
there were in this house Phalfenopsis amabilis, P. 
Sanderiana, P. Schilleriana, the rare Dendrobium 
ligriatum, Ccelogyne Massangeana, a species that is 
nearly always in flower and is, therefore, extremely 
useful; Cattleyas, Lfelias, zErides, Oncidium ampliatum 
majus, Dendrobium Parisliii and Schomburghia tibi- 
cinis, or the Cow Horn Orchid, just coming into flower. 
The succession of bloom in the case of the Cypripediums 
is a long one : C. insigne Spicerianum and villosum 
come into flower in Hovember, December and January, 
and then a long succession follows. 
In the Cattleya house were many strong plants, 
some going out of flower and others coming on to take 
their places. There were fine pieces of C. gigas, C. 
Trianae, C. Eldorado alba, C. exoniensis, C. labiata, &c., 
and in addition, Lrelia anceps Protheri, Coelogyne 
cristata kololeuca or alba, an Orchid of lovely purity ; 
L. anceps Sanderiana, Epidendrum Eandii, very rare, 
just coining into flower ; Lj’caste Skinneri alba, and 
indeed, a fine collection of choice forms. 
In the cool house, Masdevallias were a leading 
feature, among them Harryana and its variety 
splendida, of a rich deep magenta-crimson colour ; 
Yeitchii grandiflora, rich dark purple ; Shuttlewortkii, 
&c.; also Oncidium cucullatum, one form with a fine 
spotted lip : 0. concolor, very pretty, and 0. macran- 
thum ; a fine variety of Epidendrum vitellinum majus, 
Ccelogyne nebulosum candidum that has been in flower 
since Christmas, and Mr. Tautz puts a great value on 
it on this account ; Odontoglossums cordatum, ramo- 
sissimum, triumphans, two very distinct forms of this, 
one rich dark, another pale yellow ; 0. crispum, and 
one or two fine varieties of 0. Cervantesii, 0. Schil¬ 
leriana, small, but prettily spotted, and 0. radiatum, 
a fine piece with sixteen flowers, &c. 
In another house was a very fine show of Odonto¬ 
glossum vexillarium ; some thirty plants at least were 
in flower, and many not yet in bloom—perhaps 100 
plants in all—varying very much, some dark and 
some light, and one pure white ; one specimen had 
twelve spikes of bloom, and the dorsal sepal of some 
measured 3 ins. across : the varieties superbum and 
leucoglossum were very striking. Here, also, were 
Anguloa uniflora, Phaius bicolor, a very fine piece of 
Stanhopea tigrina and Calanthe veratrifolia. 
In what is termed the show-house, were Dendrobium 
nobile in fine variety, particularly one named Cook- 
soni, D. splendidum, D. Phalsenopsis, D. Macfarlanei, 
D. hercoglossum, quite new, and D. Paxtoni, Yanda 
Lowii, Oncidium flexuosum, Coelogyne Testerianum 
(said to be the only piece in the country) and Zygo- 
petalum Mackayii. 
Here, then, is an outline of Mr. Tautz’s fine col¬ 
lection. If he adds materially to it he will have to 
build new houses. The present houses appear to be 
as full as possible ; but what enthusiast can find 
courage to stay his hand when there is something of 
value challenging attention ?— R. D. 
-- 
The Gardeners’ Calendar. 
THE PLANT HOUSES. 
Pelargoniums which are now going out of season 
should at once be removed from the houses, placed on 
an ash border out of doors, and fully exposed, so that 
their w 7 ood may become thoroughly ripened. "Water 
rather sparingly, and as soon as the word assumes a 
nut-brown colour, they may be pruned back and placed 
in a cold frame. Ho water should be given at the 
roots until growth has again started ; syringing them 
overhead twice a-day will be sufficient to induce root- 
action. To increase the stock, cuttings should be 
selected from the prunings and at once inserted. If 
these are placed in a genial heat, such as that of a 
Cucumber or Melon frame, they will strike much more 
readily than if kept in a cold pit, and make much 
better plants. The early batch of 
Cinerarias are quite ready for a shift into 32’s, and 
must be attended to within a few days. They will be 
returned to the north pits ; the lights will not be 
removed from them for a few days, and the foliage 
will be kept constantly damp until they begin to 
establish themselves in the fresh compost. If the last 
sowing has by any means failed, lose no time in making 
another, keeping the pan thoroughly shaded until the 
seed has germinated. The earliest 
Primulas, too, are quite ready for a shift. Hitherto 
they have been growing on shelves near to the glass ; 
but as the heat is so intense, they become too dry, so 
must be potted and then placed in the north frames. 
They thrive under the same conditions as the Cinerarias, 
only more care must be exercised in the watering and 
damping ; but by all means remove the lights every 
night while the weather is favourable. The stock of 
the white 
Begonia Schmidtii, too, is quite ready for a shift 
into the flowering size ; generally speaking, we find 
small 32’s the most suitable size for them, as they do 
not require over-much'root room ; we find them also 
extremely useful for decorative work, lasting well on 
into the new year, but later on they will require stove 
temperature or they are apt to lose their foliage. Pay 
due attention to the watering of all such things as 
Richardias, Solanums, which were planted out ; it is 
useless to hope for them to succeed if left to take care 
of themselves during such a scorching time as we are 
now experiencing. 
Neapolitan Yiolets, too, being planted near to the 
frames, come in for a share of attention in this respect, 
and are making good crowns; unless these are looked 
after they are frequently infested with red-spider, which 
is carried into the frames, thus causing endless trouble. 
The largest of the seedling Gloxinias are now ready for 
a shift into small 32’s, in which thej r will be allowed 
to flower, and so form a succession to those which are 
now in. As those in flower go over let them be removed 
to a cold pit with a south aspect, where they can 
perfectly ripen off the foliage preparatory to going to 
rest; water must be gradually withheld as the leaves die 
off. Of course, in the case of named sorts, if it is desired 
to increase the stock, leaves should be removed and put 
in at once, but do not rob the tuber of too many at one 
time. The mode of propagating is so well known that it 
is not necessary for me to describe it here. 
THE FRUIT HOUSES. 
Muscats are fast taking on colour, and we freely 
ventilate the house, closing rather early in the after¬ 
noon as we have allowed the fires to go out. The Lady 
Downes are just now at a standstill, stoning ; they are 
