158 
THE GARDENING WOKLD 
November 5, 1887. 
cool house, and on bright afternoons are treated to a 
dewing overhead with the syringe, which they much 
appreciate, as shown by the rapid growth they are 
making. Pay particular attention to the ventilating 
of all houses, and if necessary, through rain or fogs 
prevailing, warm the pipes every morning, at the same 
time opening the top ventilators ; this will rapidly dry 
up excessive moisture, and plants in bloom will last 
longer in good condition. 
The Stock of Bulbs must be examined weekly, or 
many will be apt to spoil by being left too long in 
the plunging material; our double Roman Hyacinths 
have suffered in this respect this season, the roots 
coming over the sides of the pots—this is simply 
neglect. The earliest potted Tulips and Hyacinths 
will be removed this week, placed and treated in the 
cold pits as previously advised. We have placed in 
gentle heat some of the earliest Azaleas, Deutzias, and 
Spiraeas ; care must be taken just now that they are not 
subjected to too high a temperature, or they will not 
open their flowers at all. 
THE FORCING HOUSES. 
"Vines. —"We have been busy making a new outside 
border to our Muscat vinery, the fruit, during the past 
season or two, not hanging as it ought to do. Upon 
removing the soil we found, as expected, the drainage 
completely choked up, and the bottom a regular 
puddle. Every bit was removed, and the front drain 
washed clean ; fresh drainage was then put in, which 
was covered with a thin coating of litter, then a layer 
of turf—grass-side downwards. Next the arches were 
well packed with turf, and the border was then filled 
with freshly cut turf, J-in. raw bones, mortar rubble, 
charcoal, and wood-ashes, what roots there were being 
laid out carefully when the border was about half filled 
with compost, and we now confidently await the return. 
The pipes in the early vinery should now be warmed 
every morning, and the canes kept very frequently 
syringed during the day. If possible, dispense with 
fire-heat at night by closing early in the afternoon, 
making the most of sun-heat; but should frosty nights 
prevail, and warmth must be applied, by no means 
allow the temperature to rise beyond 50°. 
Strawberries. —The heavy rains which we have 
had render the storing of the pot Strawberries a 
necessity, so that in whatever form it is to be done let 
attention at once be given. Having pit room, we find 
this the most convenient method. Of course, the 
lights are removed entirely when the weather permits, 
and in case of very sharp frosts a few mats are placed 
over the lights, because if subjected to very many 
degrees the pots are apt to break, and it is a difficult 
matter to perfectly fit the ball. With such a grand 
autumn for ripening up the crowns, we shall expect to 
hear of some prodigious crops being gathered from the 
shelves during the coming season. Ours, I am glad to 
say, are a first-rate lot. 
THE KITCHEN GARDEN. 
The Lifting and Planting of Trees now occupies 
much time, and as it is such a grand autumn, the most 
should be made of it, so as to complete the operation as 
early as possible. This, of course, does not relate to 
forestry planting, but to all kinds of fruit trees. "We 
have just put in a row of "Warner’s King and Lane’s 
Prince Albert pyramid Apple trees. "We have also 
lifted and replanted some Peach and Nectarine trees 
which were not satisfactory during the past season. 
Old worn-out Plums on the walls have been replaced 
by young trees, as also Morello Cherries and Apricots. 
There is sufficient warmth yet in the soil to cause 
these newly-planted trees to emit roots, and so become 
partly established. 
Preparing for Next Season. —Another matter 
also requiring careful attention just now is the con¬ 
sideration of next season’s crops. Unless this be done, 
and manure applied accordingly, it is next to im¬ 
possible to obtain good results. The squares to be 
devoted to Carrots, Parsnips, Beet, &c., should have 
well-rotted manure applied, and if any doubt as to 
sub-soil exists let the ground be trenched or double 
dug. Should wire-worm or grub be troublesome as 
the work proceeds let a good sprinkling of gas-lime be 
given to the surface, and allowed to lie all through the 
winter, as we find it a never-failing remedy. Make 
good the blanks in Lettuce beds, and particularly those 
at the foot of the south wall, which will be found of 
the greatest value in the early spring months. A pot 
of Tarragon should be introduced to gentle heat where 
it is in much demand for flavouring. — Walter Child, 
Croome Court. 
FLORICULTURE. 
Some Fine Zonal Pelargoniums for Pot Cul¬ 
ture. —Of crimson shades, Mons. Myriel and Mrs. 
Miller. Scarlet with magenta shades, and white eye : 
Metis, Ruby, and Lynette. Pure scarlet: C. H. Swin- 
stead and Plutarch. Salmon : Mrs. Holford, Lady 
Chesterfield, and Lucy Masson, the last of a very pleasing 
salmon-pink shade. Pale salmon : Omphale. Pink : 
Constance, a good winter bloomer. Blush : Norah and 
Edith Little. "White : Aspasian and Ladd’s Queen of 
Whites. And if a half-dozen good double varieties are 
wanted also, Aglaia, Amyses, F. Y. Raspail, Estella, 
Moliere, and Blanche Perfeeta.— R. D. 
Two Fine Yellow Self Carnations.— Both are 
new, and I am sanguine they are very fine additions to 
the somewhat limited class of yellow seifs. One is 
named Germania, and is in course of distribution by 
Mr. Ernest Benary, of Erfurt. It will be remembered 
that Mr. Benary sent some flowers of a yellow self to 
the meeting of the National Carnation and Picotee 
Society in July last, which were much admired for 
their deep colour. Mr. Benary states that it is a good 
grower. The other is Will Threlfall, which was shown 
by Mr. Turner at the same meeting. It is a large bright 
yellow self, much the colour of Pride of Penshurst, but 
larger in size, and with smoother petals, and more 
robust habit. I think these new varieties are not only 
bound to become popular, but I think they are also 
likely to yield a progeny of a character greatly to 
improve our seifs. Good deep golden yellow seifs are 
much needed, and they will, no doubt, be obtained in 
course of time.— R. D. 
Lye’s New Fuchsias. —Mr. J. Lye, of Market 
Lavington, Wilts, the well-known Fuchsia raiser and 
exhibitor, will again distribute a number of new 
varieties in the spring. One thing is quite certain, 
that both for decorative and exhibition purposes Lye’s 
new Fuchsias are coming to the fore, and for this 
reason : that the plants are of very free habit and they 
bloom with great profusion. At the noted Fuchsia 
exhibitions in the west of England, the majority of the 
plants staged for competition are of Lye’s raising, and 
in places remote they can be seen staged for prizes. 
This is satisfactory evidence of their quality and 
usefulness. 
The eight new varieties to be sent out by Mr. Lye in 
the spring are as follows :—Dark varieties : Compact, 
bright clear carmine tube and sepals, pale rosy corolla, 
margined with bright deep purple quite half way up 
from the edge of the cup ; a fine and pleasing variety, 
with a compact free habit of growth ; and Walter 
Long, bright pale coral-red tube and sepals, violet 
corolla deeper on the edges ; good free habit, very fine 
and distinct. The light varieties are : Gem of Laving¬ 
ton, white tube and sepals, very delicately tinted with 
pink ; very stout carmine corolla, slightly tinted with 
violet, good habit, remarkably free; a very fine and 
distinct variety. Lady Doveen Long, creamy-white 
tube and sepals ; bright and stout deep pink corolla, 
flushed with violet; a large and very striking variety. 
Loveliness, a grand white Fuchsia, flower large and 
very stout; creamy white tube and delicately tinted 
sepals ; long and stout pale violet-pink corolla, margined 
with carmine, excellent habit ; an extra fine variety. 
Rosalind, large waxy-white tube and sepals, the latter 
delicately tinted with blush ; pale rosy pink corolla, 
shaded off to the margin with bright carmine ; the tube 
and sepals are white when young, but become tinted 
with age, very stout and extra fine ; good habit 'and 
profuse of bloom. Sunshine, creamy tube, delicate 
blush sepals and bright carmine corolla ; habit of 
growth very free ; and Virginia, waxy white tube and 
sepals, the latter delicately tinted with blush ; violet 
corolla, deeper on the edges ; a good grower and very 
free. 
Mr. Lye has also raised, and will distribute at the 
same time, a very fine Zonal Pelargonium, named 
Beauty of Clyffe Hall, rich deep orange - scarlet in 
colour ; pips large, stout and finely rounded, white eye, 
truss large, bold, and the pips finely displayed. This 
promises to make a very fine exhibition variety.— 
R. D. 
The Old White Azalea.—I once heard a nursery¬ 
man say that this is the finest plant in the world from 
which to get a supply of cut flowers, and I do not 
think he was far wrong. He had a number of fine 
specimens, and though they were cut in hard every 
year when the heavy crop of cut flowers was taken from 
them, still, they grew again like Willows, and the 
following winter they were again laden with blossom. 
After the flowers were cut from them they were allowed 
to grow freely, and in June they were stood out of 
doors to set their buds and ripen their wood ; they 
were housed at the proper time, and so treated as to 
come into bloom at Christmas, when the flowers were 
most valuable. And how white the blossoms are 1 
Some good old specimen plants of this Azalea are one 
of the most useful things a gardener can grow.— 
R. D. 
-- 
LAW NOTES. 
Smith & Son v. Waite, Nash & Co.—Judgment 
was given on Tuesday in the Court of Session, 
Edinburgh, by Lord M'Laren, in the action at the 
instance of William Smith & Son, seed merchants, 
18, Market Street, Aberdeen, against Messrs. Waite, 
Nash & Co., seed merchants, 70, Southwark Street, 
London, for £2,500, for alleged breach of contract. On 
the 3rd December, 1885, the pursuers wrote to the 
defenders stating that they wanted “100 bushels real 
true Old Meldrum Green-top Yellow Turnips,” and 
offering the price of 16s. per bushel “ if you can assure 
us of the quality of the stock.” On the 11th December 
the defenders replied that they could book the pursuers 
100 bushels of Old Meldrum Turnips at 18s. net; and 
on the 17th December the pursuers wrote to the effect 
that if the Old Meldrum Green-top Yellow Turnips 
offered were of a really reliable stock, they would take 
100 bushels at the original offer—17s. per bushel. The 
defenders acknowledged the receipt of the order. The 
defenders forwarded to the pursuers in implement of 
the order, “ 100 bushels Old Meldrum Green-top Yellow 
Turnips.” 
The pursuers took delivery of the seed, and re¬ 
sold it in various quantities to merchants in Aber¬ 
deenshire. The pursuers stated that the seed was a 
mixture, as was subsequently shown by its growth, 
consisting of from one-half to two-thirds of seed of the 
Old Meldrum Green-top Yellow Turnip, and the 
remainder of the seed of an entirely different kind— 
a Tankard varietj 7 . They averred that the seed was so 
much alike to the eye as to be indistinguishable. 
They also stated that the Green-top Yellow Scotch 
Turnip is specially suited for growth in a severe 
climate, such as the north of Scotland ; and that the 
Tankard Turnip is not suited for use there, as it 
cannot withstand the severity of the climate. The 
pursuers alleged that a considerable proportion of the 
crops grown from the seed supplied to them by the 
defenders gave way early in the season. On the 
nature of the crop becoming apparent, claims for 
damages were intimated by the purchasers of the seed 
against the merchants who had supplied it, and the 
merchants, in turn, intimated claims against the pur¬ 
suers. The pursuers have paid in such settlements 
£172 5s. 8 d. ; and there were still a number of unsettled 
claims. The defenders pleaded that as they gave no 
warranty in regard to the seed, and stipulated that 
they should not be responsible for the crop, the pur¬ 
suers were not entitled to damages. 
To-day his lordship heard counsel on the evidence, 
and at the close said that the claim was certainly a 
hard one, so far as the defenders were concerned. In 
his opinion, damages had not been proved to anything 
like the amount concluded for ; and it appeared to him 
that, from the precautions that were taken, an 
occurrence of that kind must be rare. Looking to the 
usage of the trade, he found that the Tankard Turnip 
was, from the farmer’s point of view, a thing specifically 
distinct from the Green-top Yellow, and to give the one 
for the other was not a mere error of description, but a 
substantial failure to comply with a contract of sale. 
It was really -worse than no delivery at all. It had 
been proved to his satisfaction that the Turnips that 
came up from this seed were to a large extent perfectly 
useless, and it appeared that the pursuers had still 
£488 15s. of claims against them unsettled. The claim 
for loss of reputation he thought was not established. 
He thought in cases of this kind, where there was no 
fault, but simply such a mistake as all men, being 
fallible, were liable to, and where the loss was very 
large in proportion to the amount of the original con¬ 
tract, that it had always been the practice in fairness to 
the offending party to estimate the damages on the 
lowest scale possible, and even to allow some share of 
the loss to fall upon the person whose contract had 
been broken. In all the circumstances his lordship 
thought that justice would be done to the pursuer here, 
for the damage which he had sustained and might 
sustain, if he awarded him the sum of £600 damages 
and expenses.— Scotsman. 
