November 26, 1887. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
199 
comparing his horticultural abilities alongside of his 
neighbours, who are more favoured in that respect. 
His plants are grown on the tall system, only making 
provision for a few large blooms on each plant. Con¬ 
spicuous amongst the Japanese kinds were Madame C. 
Audiguier, Criterion, Mons. J. Laing, Flamme de 
Punch, Mons. Tarin, Mademoiselle Lacroix, and La 
Purete. The last two, although similar, are quite 
distinct, the florets of La Purete being much the 
broader of the two varieties. Mons. Freeman is very 
dwarf, with large rosy purple flower-heads, and from 
its habit suitable for grouping. Elaine is very early, 
and now heavily tinted with pink. The crimson-red 
Margaret Marrouch, the golden Thunberg, Meg 
Merrilies, and the large golden yellow Gorgeous, w'ere 
all notably fine heads. 
The incurved section was equally well represented in 
Alfred Salter, Empress of India, White Beverley, Lord 
Alcester, Mr. Bunn, and the delicately beautiful blusli- 
wliite Jeanne d’Arc, tipped with rosy purple. The 
handsome reflexed Cullingfordi is universally admired, 
and never absent from any good collection. Anemone 
varieties also receive attention, as evidenced by the 
white Lady Margaret. A. fine hybrid Anemone is 
Mademoiselle Cabrol, with rosy blush ray or fringe, 
and lilac central quilled florets. The above were 
picked blooms, and by no means exhaustive of well- 
grown kinds. 
Homefield, Ealing. 
A fine collection may be seen at the residence of 
C. A. Dawes, Esq., whose interests are well served by 
Mr. John Baird, his gardener. Bulk for bulk, there is 
a greater percentage of bloom here than at Crown 
Point; but the flower-heads are, on the whole, some¬ 
what smaller, although a selection might be made that 
would be difficult to beat. Many of the specimens are 
tall, but a good few are sufficiently dwarf to form the 
foreground of an attractive group. Specially fine are 
Madame C. Audiguier, Maiden’s Blush, Criterion, 
Triomphe de St. Martin, Triomphe du Nord, Alba 
plena and Jupiter, somewhat in the way of Mons. 
Henri Jacotot. Why Triomphe du Nord should be 
described as Japanese and not reflexed seems difficult 
to explain. The dark velvety brown Jean Delaux, 
the salmon-red Triomphe de la Hue des Chalets, and 
the bright orange Source d’Or, shaded with gold, are 
strikingly fine coloured varieties. A selection of the 
best incurved varieties at Homefield would include 
Empress of India, Lord Wolseley, Lord Telford, Lord 
Alcester, and Jeanne d’Arc. The leading reflexed 
varieties are well grown, and contain fine blooms of 
Cullingfordii, Dr. Sharpe, Gluck, Cloth of Gold, and 
White Christine or Mrs. Forsyth. A beautiful Anemone 
is the pure white Fleur de Marie, and hybrid Anemones 
are represented by Minnie Chate, Fabian de Mediana, 
the much-twisted deep lilac fringe of which is very 
curious; and Mademoiselle Cabrol, in well-grown 
specimens of which the rosy blush fringe becomes 
incurved, covering the disk. 
The plants are so managed by pinching that each 
ultimately develops from six to eleven shoots instead of 
from one to three, and each bears a head of respectable 
size, so that, collectively, a great quantity of bloom is 
obtained by this treatment, well suited for decorative 
purposes when cut, or for grouping as pot plants, where 
the proportion of bloom to the number of pots would be 
considerable. 
Devonhurst, Chiswick. 
The system pursued here this year is one which, 
if not new, is yearly attracting more attention for 
the excellent effect it produces in grouping. About 
the last week in May or the first in June the stems are 
cut down, whereby three or four stems are produced ; 
while the side blooms are pinched out leaving the 
terminal one only. This secures a dwarf character to 
the stems, together with fine foliage and large flower 
heads, that are thus brought immediately under the 
eye when stood on the ground floor, as they are at 
Devonhurst, arranged in the conservatory. The venture 
of opening the gardens to the public a fortnight ago 
was a great success. About £50 was raised by 
entrance money and a small bazaar in a room adjoining 
the conservatory. The proceeds are to be given in aid 
of the newly-instituted creche in connection with the 
Shaftesbury Ragged School, the prime mover in 
establishing which was Mrs. Watts. 
The effect of the Chrysanthemums is greatly 
heightened by a background of Palms, while large 
basket specimens of Nephrolepis exaltata,. Platycerium 
alcicorne, Asplenium lucidum and Woodwardia radicans 
are suspended overhead. Japanese Chrysanthemums 
are represented by fine blooms of Thunberg, Soleil 
Levant, Madame C. Audiguier, Mons. Burnet, Margaret 
Marrouch, Album plenum, Mons. Astorg, highly- 
coloured Roseum superbum, Mdlle. Lacroix, Lady 
Selbourne, Comte de Germiny, Madame de Sevin, 
Triomphe de la Rue des Chfllets, Elaine, and Balmoreau. 
The silvery white heads of Mons. Astorg, flushed with 
rosy violet in the centre, are very attractive. 
Incurved varieties are even better than the Japanese, 
with respect to quality and shape, Princess of Wales, 
Princess Beatrice, Lord Alcester, Empress Eugenie, 
Angelina (an amber sport from Lady Slade, shaded 
with orange), Lord Wolseley, Empress of India, and 
Golden Queen being very fine. Mrs. J. Crossfield (a 
blush sport from White Globe), White Venus, Prince of 
Wales, Venus, George Glenny, Cassandra, and Mrs. 
Shipman are fine. There are good heads of the White 
and Golden Christina reflexed varieties, and of the 
hybrid Anemones, Mdlle. Cabrol, and Sceur Dorothec 
->V<- 
Souille. 
GARDENING fpTES FROM 
fcOTLAND. 
♦ 
♦ 
North of Scotland Horticultural As= 
sociation. —A meeting of the members of this 
association was held in the Music Hall Buildings, 
Aberdeen, on Friday evening, 18 th inst. There was a 
large attendance, and the president, Mr. James Cocker, 
Sunnypark, occupied the chair. Of the three papers 
read, the first was by Mr. Peter Harper, Duthie Public 
Park, Aberdeen, the subject being “ Floriculture in 
and around London.” Mr. Harper in a very interest¬ 
ing manner gave a description of visits paid to a 
number of the public parks and gardens in and about 
London. The paper contained a large amount of 
useful information, and was exceedingly well received. 
A paper contributed by Mr. Gray, of York, was next 
read by Mr. Alex. Robson, an honorary vice-president 
of the association. The subject of Mr. Gray’s paper 
was “ Orchids,” and these plants were dealt with in a 
very exhaustive manner by the writer, who gave 
valuable information regarding the different classes of 
Orchids, native and exotic ; the characteristics of the 
various species, describing the ground best suited for 
them, and hints regarding their cultivation and 
selection. At the close the president, in criticising the 
paper, described it as one of the best ever read to the 
association, and suggested that it should be printed 
and circulated amongst the members. This proposal 
was heartily supported by Mr. Robson, and agreed to. 
The secretary, Mr. William Reid, then read a con¬ 
tribution on “ Tea Roses in Pots on their Own Roots,” 
by Mr. A. Innes, Linn, Keith. Like the others, this 
paper w T as very well written and contained some 
practical hints as to the rearing of Tea Roses in pots. 
A short discussion followed the reading of each paper, 
. and at the close hearty votes of thanks were awarded 
to Messrs. Harper, Gray, and Innes for their com¬ 
munications, and also to Messrs. Robson and Reid, for 
reading the papers from York and Keith. After this 
part of the business was over, a fine display of Orchids 
placed on exhibition by Messrs. James Cocker & Sons, 
Sunnypark, u 7 as inspected and much admired by the 
members of the association. A cordial vote of thanks 
to the president for presiding terminated a most in¬ 
structive and enjoyable evening. 
Inach Horticultural Society. —The annual 
meeting of this society was held in the Public Hall 
Buildings, Insch, Aberdeenshire, on Saturday after¬ 
noon, the 19th inst.; the president, Mr. Beaton, 
occupied the chair, and there Was a good attendance. 
Mr. Henderson, V.S., the secretary, submitted his 
financial report for the past year, showing a balance 
from last year’s account of £10 Is.; the report after 
some discussion was then adopted and deemed very 
satisfactory. 
Vegetable Notes. —Now that we are having 
frost, frequently from 6° to 8° in our district, and read 
of friends enjoying skating at a distance of some 200 
miles or more further south, it may not be out of 
place to remind amateurs and others that it would be 
well to have a good stock of roots lifted and housed 
from those which are to remain in the ground for nearly 
three months to come. It is w 7 ell known that Parsnips 
keep in perfect condition in the open ground, and 
retain a flavour which they soon lose when they are 
removed from the soil ; ours, last season, were about 
the best we ever had, and were left in the ground (lifting 
in sufficient quantity for a fortnight’s supply) all the 
winter till March, and they were then at their best 
without the loss of a single root. Leeks and Celery 
may be lifted to the root house, shed or cellar, to meet 
the demand while frost may last ; a quantity of dry 
litter thrown over the Celery ridges may be of great 
service in protecting the plants, but much mischief is 
certain to occur if the covering is left on after the 
ground has thawed. Endive is liable to injury and 
may be lifted and put into a dark place to blanch ; the 
Batavian kinds are tolerably hardy and most useful 
during the winter months. The broad-leaved Dandelion 
(like Chicory) is most serviceable, being so hardy and 
accommodating. _—>X<—_ 
The Amateurs’ Garden. 
Chrysanthemums. —The season of exhibitions has 
come and almost gone, and it is to be hoped a great 
many have profited by it. There can be no doubt that 
these exhibitions foster a love for the Chrysanthe¬ 
mum, and the very fact of their being brought before 
the public in such grand form will induce a large 
number of amateurs to grow them for their own in¬ 
trinsic beauty and merit. In order to get them good 
at this season of the year, protection of some kind must 
be afforded, whether the cultivator intends to exhibit 
or not. The fickleness and uncertainty of our climate 
has been shown in the worst form as far as Chrysan¬ 
themum culture out of doors is concerned. Many have 
been induced to grow them for ordinary garden 
decoration, and in mild autumns many a garden, villa, 
or cottage front have been rendered exceedingly gay in 
the waning months of the year, when everything else 
around was marred by fallen leaves, and the general 
decay of vegetation. 
Bearing in mind the uncertainty of our seasons, it 
would well reward the amateur to erect a greenhouse 
of a size proportionate to his wants, his means, or his 
convenience. In the latter case it will greatly depend 
on the immediate surroundings and the space at com¬ 
mand, but granted that space and a suitable aspect are 
obtainable, no fear need be entertained of growing 
Chrysanthemums for ordinary decorative purposes or 
for exhibition. The cultivator who takes this in hand 
will soon learn with a little experience what methods 
to pursue for each respective purpose. In the meantime 
it behoves him to note the respective varieties that 
generally prevail at exhibitions, and not be carried 
away at first sight by any novelty that for the time 
being may be creating excitement in horticultural 
circles. Many of these novelties are fine things, but it 
remains to be proved whether they are suited to the 
wants or cultural skill of the general cultivator, or will 
respond to the care of the unskilled beginner. There 
are many old kinds that will, in all probability, main¬ 
tain their position on the exhibition table or as 
decorative subjects, so long as Chrysanthemums 
continue to be grown. 
The first object of beginners should be to ascertain 
and note down the names of these kinds, so that now, 
or at any future aud convenient time, they may get a 
collection of some of the leading and standard kinds 
with which to try their cultural abilities. To those 
who know anything in the matter of gardening, the 
Chrysanthemum presents no difficulties whatever, but 
the finer and more special operations of the art can 
only be learned by experience and a little careful and 
patient observation. 
Those who intend giving this grand autumn flower a 
trial, should lose no time in making a commencement. 
Warning may, however, be given to those who know 
little or nothing of the secrets of cultivation, to defer 
obtaining their plants till spring. But, on the contrary, 
any who have experience in growing other subjects and 
are initiated in the art of propagation, may obtain 
plants or cuttings at once. It was a general custom 
formerly to defer the propagation till January or 
February ; but the idea is gaining ground that better 
results will be obtained by commencing earlier, and 
there is some reason for it. When the flowering period 
is over the old stems are cut down and the pots con¬ 
taining the roots are huddled together in some out-of- 
the-way corner to await the time for propagating them. 
The result is, that long, spindley and slender shoots are 
produced, from which it is hopeless to obtain satis¬ 
factory plants. 
Light and a free circulation of air is at all times 
essential to the well-being of the Chrysanthemum, and 
whether the cultivator is skilled or not, he would find 
it advantageous to begin with strong short-jointed 
cuttings that have not been drawn, either by a high 
temperature, a crowded house, or an insufficiency of 
light. The Chrysanthemum is so nearly hardy, that 
