April 28, 1888. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
557 
National Auricula (Southern Section). 
This annual display proved to be the surprise of tlie 
season, for notwithstanding the gloomy anticipations 
resulting from the long continued spell of cold and 
otherwise uncongenial weather, it proved to be in all 
respects a finer show than graced the conservatory at 
South Kensington last year. The show Auriculas were 
both plentiful and good ; the Alpine varieties most 
pleasing and attractive as usual, by reason of their 
bright and showy colours ; the Primroses and Poly- 
anthes better than ever, and especially so the gold-laced 
Polyanthuses, which were not only more numerously 
represented, but staged in much finer condition than 
we remember to have seen at any of the Society’s 
previous exhibitions; while the general display of 
hardy species and varieties of Primula was of a most 
commendable character, being plentifully shown, and 
proving, in conjunction with the florists’ varieties, a 
source of rare interest and attraction to the visitors, of 
whom it is a pleasure to report a larger attendance 
than at any previous meeting held in the Drill Hall, 
though still far below the number which the hall will 
conveniently hold.' 
We were pleased also to note that while such veterans 
as the Rev. F. D. Horner, Mr. Douglas, Mr. Turner, 
Mr. S. Barlow, and Mr. R. Dean creditably held 
their own, some new exhibitors came well to the 
front in the smaller classes ; and the “ Reading men,” 
a small band of thorough enthusiasts, especially dis¬ 
tinguished themselves by showing markedly in advance 
of their previous efforts. The southern growers were 
again glad to welcome among them such genial northern 
florists as Mr. Horner, Mr. S. Barlow, and Mr. W. 
Bolton, who, as exhibitors in some classes or judges in 
others, rendered valued services to the directorate. At 
the luncheon, which followed the judging, and at which 
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., presided, Mr. 
Barlow greatly delighted his hearers by relating some of 
his floricultural reminiscences. If Mr. Barlow would 
only commit his floricultural experiences to type, what 
a delightful book it would be ! 
We regret that the space at our command precludes 
the possibility of our giving a detailed report of all the 
plants shown by the prize-winners, so we must content 
ourselves with enumerating those only which were 
shown by the leaders. With 12 Auriculas : the Rev. 
F. D. Horner, Lowfields, Burton-in-Lonsdale, came in 
first, showing Laura, violet-purple self; Heroine, self ; 
Ebony, self, almost jet-black, and shown for the first 
time ; Sapphire, self; Hypatia, grey edged; George 
Lightbody (Headley), green edged ; Atalanta, grey 
edged ; Magpie, white edged ; Sea Mew, green edged ; 
Edith Pott (Bolton), green edged ; Prince of Greens 
(Traill) ; and Kestrel, green edged. Except those 
otherwise indicated, all the sorts shown were the 
exhibitor’s own seedlings. Mr. Douglas was second ; 
Mr. T. E. Henwood, Reading, third ; Mr. William 
Bolton, Warrington, fourth ; and Mr. S. Barlow, 
Stakehill, Castleton, fifth. For six varieties : Mr. 
Horner was again first, with Prince of Greens (Traill) ; 
Neptune (Horner), green edged ; Melanie (Horner), 
very dark self; Heroine (Horner), self; Miranda 
(Horner), white edged ; and George Lightbody (Head- 
ley). Second, Mr. T. E. Henwood ; third, Mr. 
Douglas; fourth, J. T. D. Llewelyn, Esq., Penl- 
lergare, Swansea ; fifth, Mr. W. Bolton ; and sixth, 
Mr. S. Barlow. Four Auriculas : first, Mr. G. W. 
Wheelwright, Oxford Road, Reading, with F. D. 
Horner (Simonite), Heroine (Horner), Reliance (Mellor), 
and George Lightbody; second, Mr. C. Phillips, 
Reading ; third, Mr. W. L. Walker, Earley, Reading ; 
fourth, Viscountess Chewton, Bookham Lodge, Cob- 
ham ; fifth, Mr. J. Kew, London Road, Southend. 
Two Auriculas : First, Mr. G. W. Wheelwright with 
F. D. Horner and Black Bess (Woodhead) ; second, 
Mr. C. Phillips ; third, Viscountess Chewton ; fourth, 
Mr. W. L. Walker ; fifth, Mr. A. Spurling, The Nest, 
Blackheath. Fifty Auriculas : First, Mr. Douglas ; 
second, Mr. Turner. Single specimen, Green-edge : 
Mr. Henwood first and fifth, with Prince of Greens; 
Mr. Phillips second and fourth, with F. D. Horner 
and Prince of Greens ; Mr. Wheelwright third and 
eighth, with Lancashire Hero and Talisman ; Mr. 
Douglas sixth, with Lancashire Hero ; and Mr. Bolton 
seventh, with F. D. Horner. Grey-edge : Mr. Sanders 
first, with George Lightbody ; Mr. Wheelwright second 
and fifth, with Lancashire Hero and Mrs. Moore ; Mr. 
Douglas third and fourth, with Mabel; Mr. Bolton 
sixth and seventh, with Greyhound and Quicksilver ; 
and Mr. Henwood eighth, with Richard Headley. 
White-edge : Mr. Douglas first and second, with 
Conservative; Mr. Homer third and fourth, with 
Heatherbell and Pearl ; Mr. Phillips fifth and seventh, 
with Acme (Read) ; Mr. Sanders sixth, and Mr. 
Henwood eighth, with the same variety. Selfs: Mr. 
Horner was first and second, with Heroine ; Mr. 
Bolton third, with Sapphire ; Mr. Wheelwright fourth 
and eighth, with C. J. Perry ; Mr. Phillips, fifth, with 
an unnamed variety ; and Mr. Henwood sixth and 
seventh, with Negro and Duke of Albany. 
Alpine Auriculas, twelve : First, Mr. Turner, with a 
very pretty lot, comprising Marguerite, John Laing, 
Ernest, C. Turner, Sir H. Darvill, Sunrise, Edith, 
Fred. Bates, Sensation, Lady H. Grosvenor, G. Wheel¬ 
wright, and Lady H. Crew ; second, Mr. Douglas, also 
in good form. Six Alpines : First, Mr. Turner again, 
with Edith, Madonna, Reginald, Mrs. Stafford, Lady 
H. Crew, &e.; second, Mr. Henwood ; third, Mr. 
Douglas ; fourth, Mr. Walker ; fifth, Mr. Wheelwright. 
Four Alpines : First, Mr. Henwood, with Princess of 
Wales, Mrs. Ball, Hotspur, and Edith ; second, Mr. S. 
Barlow ; third, Mr. Walker ; fourth, Mr. A. Spurling ; 
fifth, J. T. D. Llewelyn, Esq. Single specimen, 
Gold centre, Mr. Turner first and third, with Pallas and 
T. H. Henwood ; Mr. Barlow second and fifth, with 
Mrs. Meiklejohn and Diadem ; and Mr. Douglas fourth, 
with Hebe. White or cream centre : Mr. Barlow first, 
with Susie Matthews ; Mr. Douglas second, with Queen 
Victoria; Mr. Henwood third, with Lady Love ; Mr. 
Wheelwright fourth, with the same variety ; and Mr. 
Turner fifth, with Lady H. Crew. 
Gold-laced Polyanthuses, six : First, Mr. Samuel 
Barlow, with Sir Sidney Smith, Cheshire Favourite 
(Saunders), George IV. (Buck), Exile (Crownshaw), 
Lancer (Bullock), and Prince Regent (Cox) ; second, 
Mr. Douglas ; third, J. T. D. Llewelyn, Esq. Three 
gold-laced : First, Mr. Barlow, with George IV., 
Cheshire Favourite and Exile ; second, Mr. Douglas ; 
third, Mr. R. Dean, Ealing. Single class : First and 
second, Mr. Douglas, with Buck’s George IV. ; third, 
Mr. Barlow, with William IV. (Barker) ; fourth, Mr. 
Barlow, with Lancer ; fifth, not named. Fancy Poly¬ 
anthuses, twelve : First, Mr. R. Dean, with a well- 
varied and very fine lot; second, Mr. Douglas. 
Primroses, six double : First, Messrs. Paul & Son ; 
second, Mr. R. Dean. Twelve Primulas: First, 
J. T. D. Llewelyn, Esq. ; second, Mr. Douglas ; third, 
H. L. Leonard, Esq., Guildford. Six Primulas ; First, 
Mr. Barlow; second, Messrs. Paul & Son. Twelve 
single Primroses : First, Mr. R. Dean; second, Mr. 
Douglas ; third, Messrs. Paul & Son. 
A number of seedling Auriculas were brought fo r- 
ward ; but, as far as we could make out, only three 
staged by Sir. Horner received first prizes, namely, 
Monarch, green-edge ; Irreproachable, grey-edge ; and 
Constance, self. A First Class Certificate was awarded 
to Sir. Barlow for an Alpine variety, named Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, a rich crimson shaded flower, with gold 
centre. 
-»>K—- 
HE pEE-flEEPER. 
Owing to the late favourable change in the weather, 
bees were busy ; but with the wind again in the north¬ 
east, they are at a standstill, and feeding should not 
be neglected in the event of the stocks being in a weak 
state. As a general rule, the bees will not take the 
syrup when plenty of honey is to be obtained outside, 
and what little expense may be incurred now will be 
more than compensated for by having strong stocks to 
take advantage of the flow of honey when it comes. 
Besides, it is always a great pleasure to the bee-keeper 
to see his hives strong, and in condition to make honey 
while the sun shines. 
In order to further stimulate and encourage them in 
their work and the rearing of brood, resource is often 
had to what is called spreading the brood. This is done 
so that we may have the stocks strong as early in the 
season as the weather will permit. The queen takes 
advantage of the greater warmth of the centre of the 
cluster to begin laying her eggs, and she will only 
proceed as fast as the bees can keep up the requisite 
heat in the hive. The bee-keeper takes advantage of 
this, and by removing a comb from near the outside of 
the hive, uncaps the honey, and places it in the centre 
of the hive, moving the others outwards. This is 
repeated at intervals until all the combs are filled with 
brood, after which the division-boards may be taken 
out and comb foundations put in, but only one side at 
a time—that is to say, if both sides have been reduced 
by the insertion of division-boards in the autumn. 
This operation is so easily carried out that great 
caution is necessary, for should cold weather set in, the 
bees will naturally flock to the centre of the hive for 
greater warmth ; and if the young brood be not kept 
sufficiently warm, they will get chilled and die. This 
causes the bees a great amount of extra work should it 
happen, besides—and whatis of more importance—loss 
of time. With care and attention, bees under this 
treatment quickly increase in numbers, and weak hives 
soon become strong.— A. Wright , April 21 st. 
LAW NOTES. 
The Validity of Non-Guarantee Clauses. 
Reynolds v. Wrench. —It will be remembered that 
in a previous number (Jan. 28th, 1888) we reported the 
result of the action Reynolds v. Wrench, tried before 
Mr. Justice Denman. The case came before the 
Divisional Court, consisting of Mr. Baron Pollock and 
Mr. Justice Charles, on the 18th inst, by way of 
application on the part of Messrs. Wrench for a new 
trial. Mr. Cock, Q.C., and Mr. Earle appeared for 
Messrs. Wrench ; and Mr. Murphy, Q.C., and Mr. 
Winch, Q.C., appeared for Mrs. Reynolds. 
Mr. Baron Pollock, in delivering judgment, said :— 
“ The arguments in this case have been of a very in¬ 
teresting and instructive nature. The case before Mr. 
Justice Denman was clear. Mrs. Reynolds, the plaintiff, 
received from Messrs. Wrench, the defendants, a 
certain quantity of Turnip seed, viz., Yellow Tankard 
Turnip, which was particularly suitable for late growth. 
When the plaintiff returned the produce, we now 
know that it consisted of Purple Mammoth Turnip 
seed, which was of an early growth, and it could not 
be distinguished by view or touch—the result could 
only be known after it had been grown. Wrench sold 
the seed to a firm in Edinburgh, who sold it to 
customers to be grown in Germany. It was of great 
importance that it should be not of an early, but of a 
late growth. Hence arises the claim by Wrench 
against Reynolds. Under the circumstances it was 
thought best by Mr. Justice Grove, when trying the 
case at the Huntingdon Assizes, that there the jury 
should try the question by whose fault the wrong seed 
was sent. The jury heard all the evidence, and came 
to the conclusion that the fault was that of Reynolds. 
Then came the question of damages, and as it was a 
mixed question of law and fact, it was determined that 
it should be settled by Mr. Justice Denman without 
a jury.” His lordship then referred to the facts brought 
out in evidence before Mr. Justice Denman, from which 
it appeared that Wrench sold the seed to Lawson, of 
Edinburgh, on 3rd November, 1885, and that the 
invoice contained the following note printed in red, 
“Messrs. J. Wrench & Son give no warranty, express 
or implied, as to description, quality, productiveness, 
or any other matter connected with the seed.” This 
note was not only on the invoice sent to Messrs. 
Lawson, but was also on that sent to Reynolds. “ This 
note,” continued his lordship, “has been held by Mr. 
Justice Denman to afford protection to Wrench, 
but I confess, that if I had to consider the con¬ 
struction of it de novo, I should not agree with 
that view, because I should say, using the words of 
Lord Abinger in ‘ Chanter v. Hopkins,’ ‘ A good deal 
of confusion has arisen from the unfortunate use made 
of the word ‘warranty.’ A warranty is an express or 
implied statement of that which a party undertakes 
shall he part of a contract, collateral to the express 
object.’ I should then go on to say that when a man 
undertakes to sell a perfectly well-known article, such 
as Yellow Tankard Turnip seed, whatever may be the 
description, quality or other matter which is mentioned 
in respect of this seed, it is a condition precedent that 
it should be that seed, and that to deliver a different 
kind of seed would be a breach of the contract. But 
where the word ‘description’ is mentioned I find it 
applicable to this question. Lord Abinger in that case 
speaks of the circumstances of the parties selling a 
particular thing by its particular description. What 
was passing in his mind was not ‘ description ’ as if 
you speak of some collateral quality, such as ‘ of good 
growth,’ but something more than definite description. 
That is still more marked in the case of ‘ Allen v. 
Bates,’” to which his lordship went on to refer, and 
continued :—“ That being so, we come to the conclusion 
that these words in red protect the vendors, and that 
if Lawson could not recover damages against Wrench, 
then he could not recover against Reynolds. But then 
there is another question. If there was a special 
contract, as alleged by Wrench, that the words in red 
were not to apply on the sale of the seed to Lawson, 
then it would be for Wrench to prove that Reynolds 
was aware that such special contract was made either by 
express notice or by the usual course of trade. Reynolds 
ought not to have assumed that Wrench would sell the 
seeds on any terms other than those contained on the 
invoices, and, therefore, as any damages arising from 
breach of a special contract were not in contemplation 
by both Wrench and Reynolds when the contract was 
made to grow the seeds, such damages cannot now be 
recovered.” 
Mr. Justice Charles entertained no doubt that the 
words in red protected Wrench from any claims made 
by Lawson, and in all other respects concurred in the 
judgment of Baron Pollock. 
The application for a new trial was therefore refused. 
