June 16, 1888. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
667 
with Rhodantlie, Fuchsias, and Calceolarias ; red- 
flowered Fuchsias were shown in good condition by Mr. 
Win. Clarke, as well as double yellow Chrysanthemums, 
generally called Art Marguerites. Mr. Richard Clarke 
showed yellow Calceolaries in great quantity ; the 
Crassula jasminea, with Jasmine-like, white flowers 
shown by Mr. Alfred Brown, was very pretty ; Troppeo- 
lums, double yellow Chrysanthemums, and Heliotropes, 
the latter diffusing a strong odour in all directions, 
were shown by Mr. George Pike ; Mr. North showed 
Musk ; while Mr. G. Notts had Marguerites ; Lilium 
longiflorum was shown by Mr. Poulton ; Fuchsias, 
Pelargoniums, and cut flowers were conspicuous on the 
stand of Mr. P. Ladds, Bexley Heath. 
Cut flowers were shown by the following exhibitors : 
Carnations, Stephanotis, Gardenias, Heliotrope, Hoya 
carnosa, branches of Myrtle, and leaves of the scented 
Pelargonium radiola, by Mr. J. Seabrook ; Roses, 
Gardenias, white Pelargoniums, Carnations, and Maid¬ 
enhair Fern, by Mr. L. Lloyd ; Lilium candidum, white 
Marguerites, blue and pink Cornflower, Pyrethrum, 
Briza maxima, and Richardia africana, by Messrs. 
Mizen Bros. ; and Eucharis blooms by Mr. Arthur 
Roberts. Besides the Orchids already mentioned good 
specimens of Cattleya Mendelii and C. AYarnerii, 
together with the long-tailed Cypripedium caudatum, 
were shown by Messrs. Page & Sons, and attracted 
much attention ; Mr. Denman, Catherine Street, 
Strand, had numerous cut specimens of Dendrobium 
thyrsiflorum, D. Dalhousieanum, Odontoglossum vexil- 
larium, 0. Alexandre, and Lielia purpurata, together 
with Pyrethrum, Lilium candidum, Palms, Ficus 
elastica and its variegated variety, constituting a rich 
and varied group. 
Other beautiful stands that must not be overlooked 
were those of Messrs. J. & J. Hayes, who showed 
Pelargoniums; Mr. Scholts, who had Calceolarias 
and Marguerites ; Mr. Sawyer, who had Azaleas ; Mr. 
C. Hart, who had Marguerites ; Mrs. Pennell, with 
Hydrangea hortensis and Zonal Pelargoniums ; Mr. 
Kay, having Hydrangeas ; Mr. Aldridge, having Lilium 
longiflorum ; Mr. R. Smith, having Pelargoniums. 
Various plants were also exhibited by Mr. Rochford, 
and Messrs. Hooper & Co., Covent Garden. 
It will be seen from this condensed list that market- 
growers confine themselves to comparatively a few 
plants, not on account of a limited number to choose 
from, but because the public appreciate only those 
things which are large, brightly coloured, and showy. 
Orchids may rightly claim to possess these characters, 
but they are comparatively costly plants, especially the 
showier types of them, and they can be propagated and 
grown but slowly. Showy soft-wooded subjects that 
can be readily propagated and quickly grown to a 
marketable size, are, therefore, always predominant in 
the flower market, as well as on the above occasion. 
Nearly the whole of the immense quantity of stuff was 
disposed of before 9 a.m. on the following (Thursday) 
morning. 
-- 
Hardening Hiscellany. 
Fuchsia, Venus Victrix. 
When reading the comments on old Fuchsias in your 
last issue by your esteemed correspondent, “A. D.,” 
the picture of a plant of this beautiful variety was 
brought vividly to my mind, which, in my boyhood, I 
was accustomed to see in the window of the village 
schoolmaster, who was very proud of his plant, and 
never tired of extolling its beauties. As this was prior 
to 1850, I was led to look the matter up, and as near 
as I can get at it, this variety must have been put into 
commerce about 1840 or 1841, or earlier. In Joseph 
Harrison’s catalogue of 1843 it is priced at Is., has the 
name of Cripps attached to it, presumably as being the 
raiser. The varieties described in catalogues Of that 
date are about as numerous as we find them in lists of 
the present day. In the Floricultural Cabinet of 1848 
there is a plate of Constellation, described as the 
result of a cross between F. fulgensand F. corymbiflora, 
with flesh-coloured tube and white sepals, the corolla 
deep carmine, the shape of flower and habit of flowering 
the exact counterparts of F. fulgens. If Mr. Cannell 
could succeed in unearthing this in the same way as 
he, a few years back, did Yenus Victrix, he would 
make a sensation of it. I have no personal recollection 
of it, but if the plate is anything near a faithful 
representation, it might in these days be truly named 
Sensation, so distinct from anything else in the 
Fuchsia line would it be. I have often been surprised 
that the Fuchsia has never been subjected to cross¬ 
breeding with the view of producing a race of fruit¬ 
bearing plants. If it were taken in hand by someone 
having means and leisure, from my own observation I 
am quite convinced it could be successfully ac¬ 
complished. The idea of a Fuchsia tart may raise a 
smile, but I can assure your readers that many more 
unpalateable things than it are often set on the table, 
and this I know from experience, having tried it.— 
W. B. CJ. 
G-loxinias at Haydon Hall. 
In the pleasant and well-managed garden of Captain 
Edwards, at Eastcote, a fine lot of Gloxinias are in 
bloom, the spotted form, pure white, and scarlets being 
especially handsome. A selection taken from these 
placed alongside of a named collection would show that 
the named sorts are far behind those grown by Mr. 
Fry, the gardener, from seeds. A few years ago many 
of these would have realised high prices to name, 
propagate and send out, but now the strain (Messrs. 
Veitch’s) is so widely spread that it is scarcely necessary 
to propagate from old plants. It would be wise, 
however, to perpetuate a few of the best at Haydon 
Hall by propagation. As with the Chelsea strain 
generally these have persistent flowers which do not 
drop even when over. 
Aquilegias. 
Permit me to correct an error as to the average height 
of A. glanlulosa [growing here, made in a note on 
Columbines last week, in which I was made to put 
that height at but 6 ins., whereas it should have been 
16 ins. The error doubtless arose from employing 
figures in describing height. The more I see of 
Aquilegias—and they are very beautiful just now—the 
more am I assured that if people would grow these 
beautiful species and hybrids of species that now so 
plentifully exist, they would find them preferable to 
the old garden forms, which, if pretty, lack the grace 
and elegance the newer forms give. I regard Aquilegias 
as giving amongst hardy flowers the nearest approach 
to that peculiar beauty and quaintness -which Orchids 
give in houses. They grow almost anywhere, are easily 
raised from seed, and give very beautiful flowers for 
cutting purposes.— A. D. 
Border Carnations and Pinks. 
If we could disabuse the public mind of the assumption 
that good Carnations and Pinks can only be got through 
layers and pipings, and induce them to understand 
that very beautiful forms of both, which would prove 
of exceedingly great value for garden decoration, and 
for furnishing an abundance of cut flowers, can be 
obtained through seed, very much will have been 
gained. I got some double Pink seed two years ago 
from a beautiful rose-coloured variety sent me from 
Warwick, and this season have to flower a fine batch 
of strong plants. Last year I got more seed from two 
or three kinds, and now have a large quantity of young 
plants ready to dibble out, whilst I have just put out 
a good batch of young ones raised from German 
double Pink seed. This shows that we need not be 
dependent absolutely upon propagation to ensure 
double Pinks, whilst Carnations may be produced in 
the same way literally in thousands.— A. D. 
Dyson’s Stock. 
This fine Stock is now a great feature in the flower 
garden of Stakehill House, Castleton, the residence 
of Samuel Barlow, Esq. It is a fine free-branching 
variety of the large-flowering ten-week type, bearing 
large and massive spikes of deep crimson flowers 
of fine form. A large proportion of the Stocks 
come double, and it is therefore difficult to procure 
much seed of it. Not only does Mr. Barlow 
grow it for summer bedding, but he also uses it and 
Mauve Beauty as intermediates for pot culture, raising 
the seeds in September, or thereabouts, and growing on 
fine plants to bloom in a cold house in spring. The 
perfume of this variety is exquisite. Stocks are 
among the most fragrant of summer flowers, and it is 
not to be wondered at that they are so popular. To 
have them in fine form they should be well grown, 
and it is to be feared that too many plants of Stocks 
are put out in poor ground, which utterly fails to do 
them justice.— R. D. 
Oriental Poppies. 
Under this name we include Papaver orientale and 
P. bracteatum, the latter of which we consider merely 
a variety of the former, differing only by the presence 
of bracts under the calyx. Their affinity may also be 
inferred from the fact that P. orientale is a native of 
Armenia generally, whereas P. bracteatum comes from 
the Caucasus, a little to the north-east of Armenia. 
The characters, however, become inseparably com¬ 
mingled in various ways in gardens, good evidence of 
which we have in a magnificent bouquet of many 
different varieties—large, medium, and (for this species) 
small-sized—sent us by Mr. T. S. Ware, Hale Farm 
Nurseries, Tottenham. All these were represented by 
the ordinary brilliant scarlet kinds, with the customary 
black blotch on the base of the petals ; but several pale 
varieties mixed amongst the others were most attractive. 
There were orange-scarlet varieties with and without the 
large black blotch on the base of the petals. Where the 
blotch existed, however, it was brownish violet rather 
than black. A pale pink-coloured variety constituted 
a much greater contrast than we usually see amongst 
this group of Poppies, variable as they are. The usual 
blotch was present on the inner face of the petals, but 
externally it was represented by crimson lines. Another 
variety was notable for its soft red colour ; and what 
was even more interesting, the petals of one form were 
deeply cut or lacerated at the apex, similarly to the 
Anemone-flowered doubles that occur in garden forms 
of P. somniferum and P. Rhoeas. A bed of all these 
varieties would be a grand sight at the present time, 
either in the garden proper or in the pleasure grounds. 
Their popularity for cut flower purposes is very great 
on account of their massiveness and brilliant colour, 
notwithstanding their disagreeable odour when too 
closely approached. 
Eremostachys laciniata. 
For herbaceous borders or prominent positions on a 
large rockery, the species of Eremostachys are well 
suited, from the bold character of their flowers produced 
in distant whorls from the axils of leafy bracts along 
the stem. In the present instance the flowers are pale 
red, large and two-lipped, inverted at the base by hoary 
woolly hairs that give them an unusual appearance, 
resembling in some respects the Lion’s Tail (Leonitis 
leonurus). The leaves are most abundant and largest 
at the base of the stems, where they are deeply cut or 
laciniated, as the specific name implies, and gradually 
become smaller and shorter upwards. There are about 
twenty-seven species known to science, but that here 
mentioned seems to be the best, and the only one in 
cultivation, although it is far from general in gardens. 
It is now in fine condition in the herbaceous ground, 
Kew. 
The Rock Milfoil. 
Few of the species of Achillea are worth growing for 
the sake of their flower-heads, a great many of them 
being grown simply for their beautiful silvery, grey or 
hoary, finely divided leaves. In the case of A. 
rupestris, however, the leaves are small, lanceolate, 
deep green, and, although neat, cannot be considered 
attractive in any way. The flower-heads are large for 
this genus, however, with pure white rays, surrounding 
a disk that is also white or nearly so. The stems grow 
about 12 ins. in height, and carry an umbel or cluster 
of heads so conspicuous as to render it at once an 
interesting plant for rockwork. With the exception of 
the double form of A. ptarmica, it is the best species 
for the rock-garden in cultivation. A fine piece of it 
is now in full flower on the rockery at Kew. 
The Three-lobed Evening Primrose. 
Although described as an annual, this North American 
species ((Enothera triloba), has the dwarf and stemless 
habit of (E. acaulis and (E. eximia. The foliage is also 
ample, covering the ground, and cut or pinnatifid in 
the same manner as in those above mentioned. From 
amongst the leaves the one-flowered peduncles arise, 
bearing blooms not much inferior in size to those of (E. 
Missouriensis,also known as CE. macrocarpa. That under 
notice blooms from May to September, and has bright 
yellow flowers, the petals of which are slightly three- 
lobed. For the lower positions of the rockery it is 
admirably adapted, covering the soil with a close 
herbage, and not exceeding 6 ins. in height. 
The Forked Windflower. 
On casual observation this species bears considerable 
resemblance to the Snowdrop AYindflower, but grows 
taller, and has somewhat smaller though more numerous 
pure white flowers. The sepals, it is true, have a shade 
of red along the back, but when the flowers are fully 
expanded this is not evident. The stems generally 
grow about 12 ins. or 16 ins. in height, forking in the 
upper part, so that numerous not solitary flowers are 
borne by each, The leaves are much more deeply 
divided, and produced all along the stems, as well as 
from the base. Being thus a strong and vigorous 
grower, it is suitable for borders or for naturalising in 
the wilder and less well-kept portion of the garden. It 
. is also known as A. pennsylvanica, under which name 
we frequently see it. 
