LOCAL SPECIFIC THE UAP Y OF INFECTIONS 113 
gococcus is the paramening ococcus of Dopter which causes a 
certain number of cases of épidémie meningitis. Dopter has 
not only recognized this variant, but be has succeeded in pre- 
paring a spécifie antiserum for the treatment of cases of infec¬ 
tion with tbe paramening ococcus [5j. Through the kindness of 
Dr. Dopter Tbe Rockefeller Institute has been supplied with 
two cultures of the paramening ococcus which hâve been 
studied as regards their spécifie properties by Dr. Wollstein [6]. 
She has confirmed the observations of Dopter and has found 
also that [\\eparameningoccocns can be made to set up a fatal 
infection of the méningés in rhésus monkeys which is preven- 
table by a parameningococcic sérum, but not by an antiserum 
prepared from the usual strain of meningococcus. 
The antimeningitis sérum acts favorably only when it can 
he hrought into contact with the seat of infection in the 
méningés. Hence when inflammatory obstruction exists at the 
hase of the brain, preventing the sérum from passing from the 
spinal into the cérébral méningés and ventricles, infection in 
the lalter remains unaffected by the intraspinous injections. 
To overcome this obstacle indirect intraventricular injection 
of the sérum is used ; and it has succeeded not only in young 
children but also in the adult, in whom a trephine opening of 
the skull is requiredfor the injections [7]. 
Influençai and Pncumococcic Meningitis. — The injection 
into the spinal méningés of suitably virulent cultures of 
influenza bacilli and of pnenmococci, respectively, set up 
acute inflammations which tend to terminate fatally. The 
influenzal meningitis, so-called, can be prevented or cured by 
the local injection of an anti-influenzal sérum prepared in the 
horse [8]. To overcome the pneumococcal meningitis, some- 
thing more than the employment of an anti-pneumococcal 
sérum is required. In the First place exact relationship must 
exist belween the type of infecting pneumococcus and that of 
the spécifie antiserum employed ; and in the next place the 
addition of a lytic substance seems also to he necessary. For 
the latter purpose sodium oleate has been successfully employed 
along with the antipneumococcal sérum in controlling the 
experimental inflammation [9]. Optochin (ethylhydrocuprein) 
has been employed in one instance in the local treatment of 
