September 6, 1890. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
13 
second, with very fine bulbs also. All other vegetables 
were remarkably good. 
Messrs. Sutton & Son, of Reading, sent a remarkably 
fine collection of Begonias, Gloxinias, cut flowers in 
great variety, &c., and Certificates were awarded to a 
rich-coloured Gloxinia, named Crimson Gem ; and to a 
dwarf bedding Begonia named After Glow. 
Reading Autumn Show took place on the 27th, as 
usual, in the Abbey Ruins, the Forbury Gardens 
adjoining, which are admirably kept by Mr. Phippen, 
being open to the public. Stove and greenhouse plants 
are alwa3's a leading feature, and two good collections 
of nine came from Mr. J. F. Mould, Pewsey, and Mr. 
Aitken, Ritchings Park. Mr. Currey, gardener to Col. 
Pepper, Salisbury, had the best six plants. Fuchsias 
were fairly good, but not nearly so fine as the cottager's 
show at Trowbridge. Cockscombs were very fine from 
Mr. Lockie, the gardener at Oakley Court, near 
Windsor. Bedding Pelargoniums were very good ; and 
some excellent tuberous-rooted Begonias came from 
several exhibitors. 
Foliage plants were a fine feature, Mr. Aitken'staging 
a very fine six, among them a magnificent Kentia 
Forsteriana, and a grand example of Croton Queen 
Victoria. Mr. Currey was second. Some very good 
greenhouse Ferns were also staged, and excellent 
Lycopods, indeed these are done exceedingly well at 
Reading. Cut flowers were very good. Mr. George 
Humphreys, Chippenham, had the best eighteen 
Dahlias ; Mr. John Walker, of Thame, was second, 
both with excellent blooms. Mr. Humphries also had 
the best twelve varieties. The best twelve bunches of 
single Dahlias came from Messrs. J. Cheal & Son, 
Crawley, a very fine lot, shown in their usual effective 
style. Messrs. Perkins & Sons, Coventry, had the best 
eighteen Roses. Messrs. Jefferies & Sons, Cirencester, 
was second. But the latter had the best six blooms of 
any one variety, having Mrs. J. Laing ; Messrs. 
Perkins & Sons coming in second with the same variety. 
Bunches of cut flowers were a fine feature also. Groups 
of vases of garden and also wild flowers are always a 
capital feature at Reading, and they were done well on 
this occasion. 
Fruit was remarkably good. The best collection of 
eight dishes came from Mr. Goodman, gardener to C. 
Hammersley, Esq., Bourne End, a very fine lot. Mr. 
Ashby, gardener to Mrs. Tanning, Whitchurch, was 
second. The best collection of six dishes came from 
Mr. W. Paxton, gardener to The Hon. C. S. Irby, 
Taplow. Mr. Osman, gardener to L. J. Baker, Esq., 
Ottershaw Park, Chertsey, was second. Excellent 
black and white Grapes were shown by Messrs. Asha- 
man, Osman, Maher, and Pound. There were also 
good Peaches, Nectarines, Apricots, Figs, and Melons. 
Plums were shown in three dishes, dessert and culinary 
Apples, four dishes of dessert Pears, and six for stewiDg 
were also well shown. 
Vegetables were very extensively shown, and they 
were marvellously fine. They quite filled a large space 
within the Abbey ruins. All along both sides were the 
collections (something like twenty) of six dishes, com¬ 
peting for the valuable prizes offered by Messrs. 
Sutton & Sons, and on the centre tables, the collections 
shown for the special prizes offered by Messrs. E. Webb 
& Sons, Stourbridge, Messrs. James Carter & Co., 
Holborn, and Mr. G. Fidler, Reading. 
In the way of miscellaneous collections, Messrs. 
Kelway k Son, Langport, had a magnificent lot of 
Gladioli, together with Delphiniums, Gaillardias, &c., 
shown by them at South Kensington, and Mr. Charles 
Turner sent from the Royal Nurseries a very fine 
collection of Dahlias. Mr. Phippen also had a large 
collection of plants, flowers, and floral decorations. 
The Oxfordshire Horticultural Society held its 
third show on the 28th inst., the exhibits being staged in 
the principal quadrangle of Queen’s College, under the 
colonades running round it. Some very good plants were 
staged by Messrs. G. Jacob, C. Jacob, R. Price, and 
others. The Fuchsias shown by Mr. E. Thorne were 
particularly good. The best specimen plant was a fine 
one of Haemanthus coccineus, and the best hardy plant 
was a finely-flowered piece of Statice incana. Orna¬ 
mental plants and Ferns were good features, and the 
tuberous-rooted Begonias were admirable. 
Cut flowers included Roses, Dahlias, Asters, Zinnias, 
Gladioli, Carnations, Picotees, &c. Messrs. J. Walker, 
Thame ; J. Mattock, Oxford ; Geo. Chaundy, Oxford] 
and others showed remarkably well. Mr. Chaundy 
had some capital Carnations and Picotees for this late 
period of the year. 
Fruit was fairly well represented, and vegetables 
were a good feature.— R. D. 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 
-- 
Sandy and District Horticultural. 
The twenty-second annual exhibition of this society 
was held on the 29th ult., in the park of Sandy Place, by 
kind permission of John W. Forster, Esq. The weather 
was glorious, the show well attended, and the display 
on the whole very good, and the competition keen in 
many classes. The principal plant class for ten stove 
and greenhouse plants, brought three old competitors 
again together, and Mr. Cypher had to lower his 
colours to Mr. Finch, gardener to J. Marriott, Esq., of 
Coventry, whose superb specimens were grandly 
flowered ; indeed, I question if a finer lot was ever 
staged in the month of August ; Mr. Mould, of Pewsey, 
was third. The other- plant classes were well con¬ 
tested, but the quality was only of average merit, cut- 
flowers were excellent, and the forty-eight cut Roses in 
the open class were a fine clean lot, and Messrs. G. & 
W. H. Burch, of Peterboro, beat both Messrs. Paul 
and Cant. The herbaceous cut flowers were grand, and 
here Messrs. Paul & Son held the premier position in 
a very strong competition. Gladiolus from Messrs. 
J. Burrell & Co. were very fine and easily first. The 
Dahlias from Messrs. Heath & Son, Cheltenham, held 
the same relative position. 
After what we have recently seen the fruits were 
poor, the collections all lacking anything like high 
merit. The first prize for eight dishes was awarded 
to Mr. G. R. Allis, and that for six dishes to R. 
Carter, Esq., Black Hamburgh Grapes from Mr. C. 
Moor, St. Neots, and the Alicantes and Muscats from 
Mr. C. Forbes, Cambridge, all secured leading awards. 
Mr. G. E. Forster, of Cambridge, was first for any 
white Grape with Foster’s Seedling. Peaches, Melons, 
Plums, and Cherries were fairly shown, but the Apples 
were good, some fine samples being staged. 
Vegetables were quite up to the usual standard, and 
the competition for the collection very strong. For 
twelve kinds, Mr. F. Faint, of Hertford, was first ; 
and Mr. Hazell, of Cambridge, had the best six.— A. 0. 
--*3S<-- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
French Books. — Lirre: Messrs. Williams & Norgate, 20, 
Maiden Lane, W.C., could possibly supply them ; if not, try M. 
E. Rolland, Rue de Chanfiers, Paris. 
List of Eighteen Herbaceous Plants.— Metheglin : Anemone 
japonica alba, Phygelius capensis, Alstroemeria aurantiaca, 
Achillea Millefolium rubrum, Aquilegia Skinneri, Lilium tigri- 
num, Veronica longifolia subsessilis, Lathyrus latifolius, 
Asphodelus ramosus, Campanula lat.ifolia macrantha, Echinops 
Ritro, Dictamnus Fraxinella, Galega officinalis, Gaillardia 
aristata maxima, Gypsophila piniculata, Statice latifolia. 
Rudbeckia speciosa, Pentstemon barbatus Torreyi. This list 
might be indefinitely extended, so numerous and varied are the 
plants available, and which flower in August. Phygelius 
capensis should be grown in a sheltered place, say at the foot of 
a wall to prevent its stems and foliage from getting cut down in 
winter. The others are hardy. You might, with profit, add 
good varieties of late flowering Phloxes, also Statice Limonum, 
Coreop-is laneeolata, Harpalium rigidum, Liatris spicata, 
Physostegia virginiea, (Enothera speciosa and many others. 
Mealy-bug in a Vinery.—/. H. E.: If you want to rid your 
old vinery of mealy-bug of which you say it is badly infested, 
you must take strong measures, and follow them up until the 
rout is complete. When the leaves have fallen, prune the Vines, 
and rub off with your hands any loose old bark. Then scrub 
the canes thoroughly with warm soft-soapy water, to which a 
wine-glass full of paraffin is added. Scrub all the wood-work 
with the same mixture, fresh lime-wash all the brickwork, and 
generally thoroughly cleanse the house. Then take some 
powdeied clay, run through a fine sieve, and to three pints of this 
add one pint of gas-tar, and knead them well until they are 
thoroughly mixed together. Then thin it down to the consist¬ 
ency of paint with hot-water, and give all the canes a dressing 
with a soft painters' brush. Then see to the border, scrape off 
the top soil especially about the collar of the Vine, and top- 
dress with fresh compost. Keep a sharp look out for the enemy 
when the Vines commence to grow, and you will soon effect a 
clearance. 
Names of Plants.— II. G. W. : 3, Leontodon hispidus; 4, 
Senecio Jacobses. Fruits next week. B. L. Huddersfield: 
Callitriehe verna. David Bell: The spike, Gongora bufonia 
maculata. The single flower we do not recognise. Send a fresh 
flower in a bit of damp moss. W. 31.: Eucomis undulata. C. 
Stewart: Odontoglossum luteo-purpureura sceptrum. 
Peaches. — R. T. : Your crop is a very heavy one—over two 
and a half fruits to the square foot—and the fruit good. A good 
average crop is one fruit to the foot. 
Pinching the Laterals of Vines.— Herbert Storbridge : 
You are quite right in the method you adopt with respect to the 
recognised method of pinching back the primary, secondary, and 
other laterals of Vines. But in certain cases it is not necessary 
to be so strict. For instance, if you have plenty of space, you 
may pinch the first laterals at the third leaf beyond the bunch. 
It all depends upon the distance between the Vines. The more 
leaves you can grow the better, provided every leaf can be 
properly exposed to light; but it is no use leaving more leaves 
than can get the full benefit of light and air. You can allow as 
many leaves to grow as can find room, so long as you main¬ 
tain an equal balance all along the Vine, and see that no part of 
the rod may grow stronger than another. A good practice is to 
allow the terminal shoot to ramble as much as it will, and grow 
down the back wall of the house to encourage root action and 
the general vigour of the vine. Black Grapes always colour best 
in shade, so that the bunches need not be exposed to dirrctlight. 
White Grapes should be well exposed to light to colour them 
properly as they approach maturity. 
Savoys, Cadbaoes, &c., clubbed.— W.P. : The specimens you 
sent us are very badly attacked by the giubs of the Cabbage Fly 
(Anthomyia Brassica;), also by the Ambury Disease (Plasmodio- 
phora Brassica;), a fungus at present consisting of dense masses 
of globular spores, or angular by mutual pressure. There are 
also globular masses of a Bacterium in the zooglea stage, con¬ 
sisting of dense masses of wriggling organisms embedded in 
jelly-like matter. You cannot apply anything now that will 
cure the evil, but we should advise you to use those of the 
Cabbages, &c., that are good, and carefully dig up the roots and 
burn every scrap of them to prevent the fly reaching the perfect 
state, and also to destroy the fungi. If you leave the roots in 
the ground, the latter will soon be full of spores and with the 
pupae of the fly, successive broods of which continue to be 
produced until November. Many of the pupie now in the soil 
could be killed by the use of lime-water. Soak some hot lime in 
water for twenty-four hours, and water the ground with the 
clear liquid in the afternoon. Superphosphate of lime is used 
for the same purpose on the Continent; you might also spread a 
good layer of gas lime on the ground after the crops have been 
all cut. You should also practise a rotation of crops, and do not 
grow any of the Cabbage tribe, including Turnips, on the same 
ground twice in succession. Rather put Peas, Potatos, or some¬ 
thing as distinct on the ground next year. 
Seedlings Dampino Off.— if. G.: Various causes may be at 
the root of this evil, such as a moisture-laden atmosphere, a low 
temperature, and several species of microscopic fungi, which 
often form a web-like felt over the surface of the soil, and attack 
the base of the seedlings, soon accomplishing their destruction. 
Your best remedy, under the circumstances, would be to prick 
off the seedlings into fresh soil. Yon might have prevented the 
evil and saved most of your seedlings by doing this as soon as 
they showed signs of damping, or, even better, before that was 
visible. Some kinds are more liable to damping than others, 
and therefore require to be seen to earlier. If the atmosphere 
of the house is cold and damp, you could dispel the moisture by 
the application of a little artificial heat, and by a more careful 
application of water. The soil in which the seedlings are grown 
must not, however, be allowed to get dust-dry at any time. 
Strawberries. — B. L. : Yes, quite true. 
The Shaddock. — Fruit Salesman: The s'atement that “the 
Shaddock is a cross between the Lemon and the Orange, ’ is like 
much else that comes from the same source—utter nonsense. 
The Shaddock is Citrus decumana, and is as good and distinct 
a species as is either the orange (Citrus aurantiaca) or the 
Lemon (Citrus Limetta). 
Various.— Will you kindly inform me in your next No. (1), if 
the Manchinell and Cactus are sometimes found planted to¬ 
gether? (2), By what other name the Sallow is popularly 
known? (3), By what other names the Milfoil, Michielmas 
Daisy and Yellow Rocket are popularly known ? ( 4 ), If they are 
to be found in hedges in lanes during the autumn? (5), If the 
Silver weed, Silver tree and Silver bush are so called on account 
of their colour? (6), If they are to be found in hedges in lanes 
-during the autumn? (7), If the London Rocket is more com¬ 
monly found in the metropolitan area than other plants; (S), or, 
if not, what others are still more commonly found in it? (9), 
What is meant by the stimuli of brambles or thorny plants.— 
Flos. [(1), We do not know, but it is not improbable that they 
may be found growing near together, seeing that both grow in 
dry sandy districts, but Cactuses do not grow abundantly in the 
particular districts in which the Manchinell abounds. (2', 
Sallow is the popular name given to several species of Salix, and 
S. caprea is sometimes called the Goat Willow, or Goat Sallow. 
(3), The Milfoil is sometimes called Yarrow ; the Michielinas 
Daisy, Aster ; the Yellow Rocket, Winter Cress and American 
Cress. (4), The Yarrow is in flower yet on banks by the way 
sides; the Michaelmas Daisy is found only in gardens or as an 
outcast; and the Yellow Rocket flowers in spring on the banks 
of rivers and streams. (5), Yes. (6), The Silver weed may be 
found on road sides, but the Silver tree is a native of the Cape, 
and the Silver bush, of Spain. (7\ No. It was so after the 
great fire of London. (S), Such plants as Atriplex patula, 
Chenopodium album, Sisymbrium officinale, Capsulla bursa- 
pastoris and others are much more plentiful. (9), Stimuli, as 
applied to plants, refers to stiff hairs containing an active fluid, 
such as those of the Nettle, but is wrongly applied to brambles 
and thorns, which do not contain an acrid juice.] 
Communications Received. — R. H., Leeds (n»xt week)— 
E. O. G.-F. H.—O. & M.-J. M.—E. P.—H. C.—H A —W C 
—C. T.—W. D.—W. P.—A. IL— E. S. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
September 1st. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, Seed 
Market, Mark Lane, report a slow demand for Tri¬ 
folium incarnatum, Rye, and Winter Tares. Red 
Clover continues to advance, owing to unfavourable 
reports as to new crop. White Clover is also inquired 
for at higher figures. Rape seed unchanged. 
-- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET, 
Sep. 3rd. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 
Asparagus ....per 100 
Beans, French, per lb. 0 4 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Cabbages_per doz. 16 2 0 
Carrots ....perbunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 3 0 6 0 
Celery .... per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .... each 0 4 0 6 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 0 
■s.d. s.d. 
Herbs ....per bunch 0 2 0 4 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces .. per dozen 16 2 0 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Onions....per bushel 3 6 5 0 
Parsley.... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes ..perdozen 1 6 
Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..20 
Tomatos _per lb. 0 4 0 9 
Turnips _per bun. 0 6 
Potatos.— Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80 J. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per boa. 
