September 27, 1890. 
THE GARDENING Y/ORLD. 
61 
awarded to Messrs Heath & Son, Cheltenham, for a 
collection of show and fancy kinds, including good 
blooms of Seraph, Joseph Ashby, Mrs. Harris, Mr. 
Harris, George Dickson, Harry Turner, Prince of 
Denmark, Mrs. Gladstone, James Pluntley, James 
Tick, Lord Chelmsford and Gloire de Lyon. Amongst 
fancy kinds Gaiety, Mrs. Saunders, Barnaby Rudge, 
Henry Eckford, Peacock, Duchess of Albany, Edmond 
Boston aud John Forbes were prominent. A similar 
award was made to Mr. George Humphries, Kington 
Langley, Chippenham, for a collection representing 
most of the leading kinds. John Henshaw, Mrs. F. 
Foreman, Ethel Britton, Philip Ladds, Queen of the 
Belgians and T. S. Ware were good show varieties, 
while fancy sorts were represented by Prince Henry, 
Salamander, Mrs. John Downie, Plutarch, Gaiety, 
Dorothy and Edmond Boston. Cactus Dahlias were 
upheld by Empress of India, Kathleen Pictor, Asia, 
Beauty of Brentwood, Amphion (buff-yellow) and 
Honoria. Amongst the Pompons, Leila, Eurydice, 
Mabel (purple), Lady Blanche (white), Gem (scarlet), 
and Dora (sulphur) were conspicuous and pretty 7 . 
The amateur exhibitors were poorly represented as a 
whole, but a good and well-grown collection was, 
however, shown by Mr. J. T. West, gardener to H. 
Keith, Esq., Cornwalls, Brentwood. They comprised 
show and fancy kinds. The former included such fine 
kinds as Prince of Denmark, Antagonist, Wm. Keith, 
R. T. Rawlings, Mr. Glasscock, John Standish, Alice 
Emily, James Stephens, Mrs. Gladstone, Ethel Britton, 
Queen of the Belgians, and Lord Chelmsford. Fancy 
kinds were well represented by Dorothy, Gaiety, Mrs. 
Saunders, Frank Pearce, J. T. West, Charles Turner, 
and the Rev. J. B. M. Camm. Many of the kinds 
were of large size, testifying to good culture, and a 
Silver Flora Medal was awarded. 
There was a large number of. exhibits in the mis¬ 
cellaneous class, the larger collections consisting of 
Dahlias, representing all the chief varieties of the 
leading and popular types or races grown, also of 
tuberous Begonias and herbaceous plants. A Silver- 
gilt Banksiau Medal was awarded to Messrs. John 
Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, for a large collection of 
Dahlias, of which the single, Pompon and Cactus 
varieties were set up on wire stands. Amongst Cactus 
kinds was Amphion (buff-yellow), Cochineal (crimson), 
Germania No va (rose-purple), and a host of others showed 
all the leading colours in cultivation. A similar award 
was accorded them for a large and effective group of 
Begonias, consisting largely of dwarf specimens, seed¬ 
lings of this year, both single, and double. They wer9 
set up with Palms and other plants. A Silver Flora 
Medal was awarded to Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, 
Swanley, for a group of tuberous Begonias arranged in 
the form of a semi-circle, and a similar group on the 
opposite side of one of the entrances of the large tent. 
They had been lifted from the open ground, were dwarf, 
well flowered, and edged with Maidenhair Fern. They 
also showed a small group of the late-flowering Begonia, 
Octavie, in the large vinery. A similar award was 
made to them for a collection of Dahlias, representing 
exhibition, single, and Pompon kinds, set up in bottles. 
Their group of Cactus varieties were set up on wire 
stands, and proved much more effective than the rest. 
Good forms were the yellow A. W. Tait ; Mrs. J. C. 
Reid, pale lilac, edged purple ; Alexander Dean, dark 
purple ; and Cannell’s Favourite, orange. A Silver 
Flora Medal was also awarded to Mr. T. S. Ware, for a 
large collection of Dahlias arranged in mounds or banks 
on a side table, with Cactus varieties in the centre, 
singles at one end, and Pompons at the other. They 
were set up with foliage in bottles. A similar award 
was made to Mr. Geo. Phippen, Reading, for a group 
of Cactus Dahlias, set up in masses amongst moss, and 
elevated on iron stands, with the tallest ones at the 
back, and the others gradually sloping towards the 
spectator. Palms were stood along the back of the 
group. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
Dobbie & Co., Rothesay, N.B., for a fair-sized collection 
of all the leading races now in cultivation. They were 
wonderfully fresh after the long journey. The show 
and fancy kinds were bright, but not quite so large as 
many of the sorts grown in the southern part of the 
island. They were staged on stands much in the usual 
exhibition style. The single, Cactus, and Pompon 
varieties were set up in small bunches and wired. 
Amongst Pompons: Leila, Rosalie, Isabel, Lady 
Blanche, and Little Princess were small and pretty. 
A Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. 
J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, for a neatly set up collection, 
mostly on wire stands. The single sorts were effective, 
as were the Pompons, including Leila, Lady Blanche 
(white), Janet (orange), Little Duchess, and H. E. 
Searle. Cactus kinds were represented by Mrs. Douglas, 
a large and soft buff-lilac, and bold form ; by the Yellow 
Juarezii, and others. A Bronze Banksian Medal was 
awarded to Messrs. John Peed & Sons, Roupell Park 
Nursery, Norwood Road, for a variously arranged 
collection of Dahlias, some of which were wired and 
others in boxes. Exhibition, Pompon, and Cactus 
varieties were represented ; and White Aster, Golden 
Gem, and Thomas Moore—yellow, with crimson tips— 
all Pompon kinds, were neat and pretty. They had 
also some Anemones, Helianthus, aDd other herbaceous 
plants. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to 
Messrs. Harkness & Sons, for an effectively arranged 
group of cut flowers of hardy herbaceous plants, 
including Liliums, Phloxes, Japan Anemones, Chry¬ 
santhemums, Scabiosa caucasica, and Tigridia pavonia 
giandiflora alba, &c. 
A number of miscellaneous groups of plants and cut 
flowers were staged in the big vinery along with the 
Grapes and other fruit. A Bronze Banksian Medal was 
awarded to Mr. J. R. Tranter, Henley-on-Thames, for 
a small collection of exhibition Dahlias, including 
Harry Keith, Colonist, Gloire de Lyon, Hope, Grand 
Sultan, Duchess of Albany, Rev. J. B. M. Camm and 
others. Some Cactus Dahlias were shown by Dir. R. 
Maher, Yattenden Court, Newbury ; and a stand of a 
Pompon named Madame Oban Franchett was exhibited 
by Messrs. Pope & Sons, King’s Norton, Birmingham. 
Small groups, mostly of new Dahlias, were shown by 
several of the exhibitors already named. Messrs. J. 
Yeitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a group of hardy flower¬ 
ing shrubs, including Arbutus unedo rubra, Escallonia 
montevidensis, Gynerium argenteum variegatum, and 
some hybrid greenhouse Rhododendrons. Messrs. J. 
Laing & Sons showed two plants of Chrysanthemum 
Mrs. Alpheus Hardy in bloom. Messrs. J. Carter & 
Co., Forest Hill, showed Rudbeckia grandiflora and 
Carter’s Holborn Favourite Melon. A group of cut 
sprays of Cornus mas aurea elegantissima was shown by 
Messrs. Charles Lee & Son, Royal Vineyard Nursery, 
Hammersmith. Mr. G. W. Cummins, gardener to A. 
H. Smee, Esq., The Grange, Wallington, showed 
plants of Eucomis punctata and E. pallidiflora. Messrs. 
Reid & Bornemann, Trewsbury Road, Sydenham, staged 
a collection of early-flowering Chrysanthemums, includ¬ 
ing the Pompons, Lily Stevens, Goldsmith and A. H. 
Lincoln, as well as some large-flowering Japanese kinds. 
The Conference held on Tuesday afternoon in the 
great vinery, was but thinly attended, and as usual the 
noise was too great for the papers to be heard with any 
degree of comfort. Mr. Harry Turner took the chair, 
and the papers read were as follows : “ The Origin of 
the Florists’ Dahlia,” by Dir. Shirley Hibberd ; “ Single 
and Decorative Dahlias,” by Mr. T. W. Girdlestone ; 
and “Show Dahlias,” by Dir. H. W. Williams, 
Salisbury. 
Grapes and other Fruit. 
The exhibits of Grapes were staged in the big vinery, 
where the conferences on Dahlias and Grapes, and the 
committee meetings were held. The display on the 
first day, as compared with what was recently seen 
in Edinburgh and DIanchester, was very poor, but on 
Wednesday there was an improvement. In class I, for 
a general collection of Grapes, the largest number of 
varieties shown by any one exhibitor, was twenty- 
seven. These had all be r n grown in one vinery by 
W. Roupell, Esq., Harvey Lodge, Roupell Park. A 
considerable number of them were small kinds, notable 
for their rich flavour and other good qualities ; but 
they are not very extensively cultivated in this 
country at the present day. Half-a-dozen kinds were 
Frontignans, namely, Early Golden, Primavis, Black, 
Grizzly, Troveren, and July Frontignan. Other 
Tather rare kinds were General della DIarmora, Royal 
DIuscadine, Chasselas Vibert, Diamant Traube, DIuscat 
of Hungary, Raspberry Grape, Dr. Hogg, Purple 
Constantia, and Chasselas DIusque le Vrai. Better 
known but good kinds were Gros Colmar grafted on 
the DIuscat of Alexandria, DIrs. Pearson, Duke of 
Buccleucb, and Gannon Hall DIuscat ; the latter and 
some other kinds were in good form. Twenty-two 
varieties were shown by the Royal Horticultural 
Society, including the seedless Black DIonukka, an ovate, 
black-berried kind. Alnwick Seedling, DIuscat of Ham¬ 
burgh, Golden Hamburgh, DIrs. Pince’s Black DIuscat, 
West’s St. Peter’s, DIadresfield, Gros Colmar, Barbarossa, 
and others were in good form. Less commonly 
grown kinds were Raisin de Calabre, Royal DIuscadine, 
Dutch Hamburgh, Black Prince and Royal Ascot. 
Gros Colmar and Grosse Kolner were shown for com¬ 
parison, and some Grapes representing the effects of 
mildew, rust, and larva of the moth, Ditula angusti- 
orana, were also exhibited. A collection of eighteen 
varieties was exhibited by Dir. J. Wallis, Keele Gardens, 
Newcastle, Staffordshire. White Grapes were repre¬ 
sented by Old Tokay, Trebbiano, Golden Queen, 
DIuscat of Alexandria and DIrs. Pearson, the three 
lattpr being finely coloured. Other varieties in this 
collection were Alicante, Gros Colmar, Alnwick 
Seedling, Lady Downes, Gros DIaroc, West’s St. Peter’s, 
DIuscat Hamburgh, DIuscat Champion, DIadresfield 
Court, DIrs. Pince’s Black DIuscat, Barbarossa, Black 
Prince and Black Hamburgh, some of which were in 
fine form. A collection of eighteen kinds was also 
shown by DIessrs. T. Rivers & Son, Sawbridgeworth. 
Highly flavoured and old-fashioned varieties wire 
Esperione, Royal DIuscadine, Tokay, FrontignaD, 
Early Silver Frontignan and Early Saumur. Other 
varieties were Ry ton DIuscat, San Antonio, and Buck- 
land’s Sweetwater. Some of the largest bunches, a3 
well as the largest berries, were shown by Dir. A. G. 
Hookings, gardener to S. W. Graystone, Esq., Hurst- 
side, West DIoulsey. Gros DIaroc and Gros Colmar, 
four bunches of each, were splendidly finished and of 
great size. He also had three good bunches of 
Alicante, and as many each of DIrs. Pearson and 
Foster’s Seedling. DIessrs. J. Peed & Sons showed 
a collection of five kinds, namely, White Syrian, 
Golden Queen, Trebbiano, Gros DIaroc, and Alicante, 
the three latter kinds being well finished and of good 
shape. Dir. G. Wythes, gardener to the Duke of 
Northumberland, Syon House, exhibited some bunches 
of DIuscat of Alexandria and Bowood DIuscat ; the 
latter was in fine form and well finished. Bunches of 
West’s St. Peter’s and Stillward's Sweetwater were 
shown by Dir. J. Willard, The Gardens, Holly Lodge, 
Ilighgate. 
In the class for Grapes of any kind of very high 
flavour, Dir. J. Clarke, Albion Nursery, Hale Road, 
Farnham, showed DIuscat of Alexandria and DIadresfield 
Court. The same exhibitor showed Gros DIaroc, Gros 
Colmar, Black Prince, DIuscat of Alexandria, Alnwick 
Seedling, Lady Downes, and DIadresfield Court, all of 
which he stated were grown under glass without any 
artificial heat. The best sample of Grapes packed to 
be sent by post or rail for private use, came from Dir. 
Dawes, The Gardens, Temple Newsam, Leeds ; and 
accordingly the Silver-gilt Cup offered by D. DIorris, 
Esq., for the same, was awarded to him. 
The Grapes were fastened to the inside of a box lined 
with cotton-wool in a very neat fashion. Other 
exhibitors in this class were Dir. J. Hudson, gardener 
to the DIessrs. De Rothschild, Gunnersbury House ; 
Dir. C. J. Waite, Glenhurst Gardens, Esher ; DIessrs. 
A. Quertier &. Co., Fordingbridge, Hants; Dir. J. 
Wallis ; Dir. Wythes ; Dir. D. Thompson, Drumlanrig 
Castle, Thornhill, N.B. ; and the Royal Horticultural 
Society. Some used boxes, others had baskets. Cotton¬ 
wool was mostly used for packing, and wood-wool by 
the Royal Horticultural Society. Samples of Grapes 
showing the effects of disease were exhibited by Dir. 
W. Williamson, The Gardens, Tarvit, Cupar, Fife. 
Some Apples were shown by DIessrs. Keynes, Williams, 
& Co., Salisbury. Some collections of fruit were 
shown by the Royal Horticultural Society. Amongst 
the Apples were fine samples of Cellini, Stone’s Apple, 
New Hawthornden, Warner’s King, Stirling Castle, 
Ecklinville Seedling, Hoary DIorning, and others. A 
goodly number of varieties of Tomatos were also staged, 
as well as Capsicums and Aubergines, the latter in 
white, yellow, and purple varieties. 
On the second day of the exhibition a large quantity 
of Grapes were sent to Chiswick to illustrate the 
method of sending fruit to market. DIessrs. Webber 
& Co., Covent Garden, sent two baskets, including a 
large one of Gros Colmar, having large and handsome 
berries. A large consignment came from Dir. Geo. 
DIunro, Covent Garden, as obtained from different 
growers. Dir. Peter Kay, Finchley, had three large 
baskets of Alicante, one of Cannon Hall DIuscat, one 
of DIuscat of Alexandria, and three of Gros Colmar, all 
of great size, and finely finished. DIr. J. Sweet, 
Whetstone, sent four laTge baskets of Alicante, also 
notable for their rich colouring, but the DIuscat of 
Alexandria, cdthough large, were not quite ripe. 
The chair was taken at 2 p.m. on Wednesday, by 
Dr. Hogg, who described the object of the present and 
former conferences inaugurated by the society. Dir. 
T. F. Rivers then read his paper on Frontignan Grapes, 
and said that the bunches and fruits were small, but 
possessed fine flavour. They required little heat, but 
Chasselas DIusque le Vrai, Dr. Hogg, and some others 
were all the better for help in that respect. The 
Grizzly Frontignan was a richly-flavoured red Grape, 
streaked with grey lines All the kinds could he grown 
in pots, and if the soil were examined in autumn it would 
be found to be a mass of roots. DIr. R. D. Blackmore 
read a paper on the Enemies of the Yine. With the 
exception of one case o f phylloxera, he had no other 
experience of it, but his Vines had been subjected to 
every sort of enemy 7 . He said that science was slowly 
but surely coming to our aid. He divided his 
paper into vegetable or fungoid enemies and animal 
depredators, while there were some enemies which 
he could not refer to either of those classes. 
He then described a malady which has made its 
appearance quite recently in this country. It attacks 
the young leaves, shoots, and especially young Vines in 
pots, killing them. It resembles the black spot of 
Australia, or the rot in America. He had tried every 
remedy, and the only chance he found was to cut the 
shoots below the affected parts. 
The next paper was by DIr. W. Thomson, of Cloven¬ 
fords, on “Suitable Soils.’’ He said that farmyard- 
manure placed in Vine borders was a source of great 
evil. If it got dry it bred fungus, and if not it became 
a mass of inert humus retainiug a superfluity of mois¬ 
ture. He said that nitrate or muriate of potash should 
be added to the soil unless it was known to contain 
sufficient. The roots should be kept near the surface 
of the border. Dlanure on the borders prevented the 
action of the air upon the soil. He could not too 
severely condemn the practice of placing rank 
manure upon the borders either for protection or 
for the purpose of manuring. Dry leaves or Fern or 
straw was more suitable for preserving moisture. The 
Rev. W. Wilks proposed a vote of thanks to the 
readers of the yapers, and in doing so said that 
they had received a literary treat that afternoon. 
