62 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
September 27, 1890. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Decorative Dahlia .—Martin F. Silsbury: The flowers you 
send are quite large enough, hut the florets are rather too 
closely and regularly arranged to he considered of good form 
for a decorative or Cactus Dahlia. The florets are of great size, 
hut they are too hroad and rounded at the tip, whereas they 
should he pointed and drawn out rather loosely so as to get 
away from the stiff formality of the exhibition varieties. Many 
much smaller flowers get certificates at the various exhibitions 
simply because they conform more to the original Juarezi in 
having long pointed florets. It must also he borne in mind 
that varieties having small, loose, and light heads are more 
adapted for cut-flower purposes, and consequently find favour 
with the people, because they can utilise them in that way. 
London Gardening.— E. G.: The Amateur's Garden Calendar, 
price 2s., and published by Mr. T. W. Sanders, 57, Cressingham 
Road, Lewisham, S.E., gives valuable information on the 
subjects mentioned. 
Measuring the Heights of Trees .—Stella : A rough and 
ready method is to get the lid of a cigar box, and at one end 
put a small peg in each corner, and a third as far up one side as 
will form an angle of 45 degrees. Then screw the piece of wood 
on to a staff sufficiently long to enable you when standing 
upright to bring your right eye in line with the angle, and walk 
backwards until the top of the tree comes into sight. The 
length of the staff from your eye to the ground, and the 
measurement from thence to the base of the tree will give you 
the height sufficiently near for all ordinary purposes. 
Names of Fruits.— T. B. : Your Pear comes nearest to 
Dearborn’s Seedling of any we have been able to compare itwit.h, 
but with only a single fruit we cannot be quite certain. The 
packing admirable ! Many thanks. P. M. : 1, Pear, Vicar of 
Winkfield ; 2, Pear, Beurrt Ranee ; 3, Pear, Comte de Lamy ; 
4, Chaumontelle ; 5, Apple, London Pippin. 
Names of Plants.— P. M. : 6, Jacobinia magnifies, commonly 
called in gardens Justicia carnea. L. E.: 1, Staphylea 
pinnata; 2, Helianthus rigidus. G. H. It. : Hiemanthus 
multiflorus. 
f! Patshull : Erratum.—A t p. 42, third column, twenty-five 
lines from the top, for “ yards ” read “ feet.” 
Symbolical Plants.—I shall feel much obliged if some reader 
will inform me why the Primula is considered symbolical of 
Conventionality, the Fitcher-plant of a Parasite, the Maple of 
Generosity, the Vervain of Sincerity, and the Oleander, Ivy and 
Upas tree of Treachery.— Symbol. 
Various .—Flos : The Goosefoot and Orache generally glow in 
waste places and on heaps of rubbish as well as in cultivated 
fields. Hedge Mustard is most abundant on banks and in 
hedges by the wayside or similar places. Shepherd’s Purse 
grows almost everywhere, in fields, waste places, thin, gravelly, 
or rich soils, wherever the latter offers it sufficient means of 
subsistence. Valerianella olitoria is also known as the Lamb’s 
Lettuce, but it is much smaller and by no means very like the 
garden Lettuce. The tuft of winter leaves is more comparable 
to those of the Daisy. Leueas is the name of a genus of plants 
generally having white flowers ; the species are natives of 
tropical Asia and Africa, and not of this country. Nymphsea 
devoniensis is a garden hybrid, between N. Lotus and N. rubra, 
having like them large, orbicular, toothed and floating leaves, 
and large, bright rosy red flowers, from 6 ins. to 8 ins. in 
diameter. Flower of the Axe must be a local name which we do 
not recognise, unless it be N. devoni«nsis, and if so it is culti¬ 
vated in many parts of the country, not confined to Devonshire. 
Another translation of the name is the Duke of Devonshire’s 
Water Lily. Hortensia is an old name for the common Hy¬ 
drangea (H. hortensis), more used on the Continent at the 
present day than it is in this country. 
Communications Received. —B. & L.—C. B. G.—E. C.—J. B. 
—W. J. M.—W. D.—R. B.—An Exhibitor.—A. D.—J. I.— 
R. 0.—J. W—M. C. B. 
-- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Chantrier Brothers, Mortefontaine, Plailly (Oise), France. 
—Stove and Greenhouse fine-foliaged Plants, Orchids, &c. 
Executors of the late Henry Bennett, Shepperton.— 
Select Roses for the Autumn of 1890. 
-- 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
September 22nd. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, Seed 
Market, Mark Lane, report a further advance in price 
of Italian and Perennial Rye Grass. White Clover and 
Alsike are dearer. Red Clover and Trefoil are un¬ 
changed. Rye steady. Winter Tares in full supply 
at easier rates. Hemp scarce ; other bird seeds un¬ 
changed. 
--- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
Sept. 24 th. 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices. 
s . d . s . d . s . d . s . d . 
Artichokes, Globe,doz. 3 0 6 0 Herbs _per hunch 0 2 0 4 
Asparagus_per 100 , Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 0 4 ! Lettuces ..per dozen 16 2 0 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 SO Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Cabbages per doz. 1 6 2 0 Onions per bushel 3 6 5 0 
Carrots per hunch 0 6 j Parsley_per hunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, [ Radishes ..per dozen 1 6 
per dozen 3 0 6 0 Small salading,punnet 0 4 
Celery_per bundle 2 6 1 Spinach, per strike ..2 0 
Cucumbers _each 0 4 0 6 Tomatos _per lb. 0 4 0 9 
Endive, French, doz. 2 6 3 0 Tfirnips _per bun. 0 6 
Potato’s. —Kent Regent's'.'80s. to 1007. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d s . d . 
Apples .. per 1-sieve 3 6 5 0 
Cherries.| sieve 
Currant, black, 1 sieve 
— red.J sieve 
Grapes .per lb. 0 9 2 6 
s.d. 
Kent Filbert, 100 lbs. — 
Peaches.... per dozen 1 0 
Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 
— St. Michaels, each 2 6 
Plums .... per j sieve 8 0 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s . d . s . d . s . d . 
Asters.per doz. 3 0 6 0 Fuchsia _per doz. 3 0 
Araiia Siebolcu ..Uoz. 6 0 18 0 Heliotrope, per doz. 4 0 
Bonvardias ..perdoz. S 0 12 0 Hydrangea ..per doz. 9 0 
Calceolaria, per doz. 3 0 6 0 Liliums, various, doz.12 0 
Chrysanthemums,doz. 6 0 24 0 Marguerites per doz. 6 0 
Cyperus ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 Mignonette, per doz. 3 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 Palms in variety, each 2 6 
— viridis .doz. 9 0 24 0 Pelargoniums .. doz. 6 0 
Erica, various ..doz. 12 0 18 0 Pelargoniums,scarlet, 3 0 
Evergreens,invar.,doz.6 0 24 0 Rhodanthe ..perdez. 4 0 
Ferns,invar.,perdoz. 4 0 18 0 
Out Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s . d . s . d . 
Arum Lilies, 12 hlms ..2 0 4 0 
Asters.12 buns. 2 0 6 0 
Bouvardias, per bun. 0 6 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
— .doz. bchs. 3 0 6 0 
Chrysanthemum, 
12 blms. 10 3 0 
— .12 bchs. 4 0 12 0 
Cornflower doz. bchs. 16 3 0 
Dahlia.12 buns. 2 0 4 0 
Eucharis ..perdozen 2 0 4 0 
Eschseholtzia,12 beh. 
Forget-me-not,12 buns 2 0 4 0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms. 2 0 4 0 
Gladiolus, various, 
12 spikes 10 20 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lavender _12 bus. 2 6 4 0 
Lilium, various, 12 bis. 0 6 4 0 
s . d . 
MaidenhairFern,12bns.4 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 
Mignonette ..12 bun. 1 0 
Pansy .. per 12 buns. 1 0 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 0 6 
— scarlet ..12 sprays 0 3 
Pinks, doz. bchs. ..20 
Primula, double, bun. 0 6 
Pyrethrum, doz. bchs. 2 0 
Rhodanthe ...12 buns. 3 0 
Roses, yellow, per doz. 1 6 
— Tea_per dozen 0 6 
— Red.per doz. 1 0 
— Saffrano .. per doz. 1 0 
■— .... dozen bunches 2 0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays 1 6 
Sultan_doz. bchs. 2 0 
Sunflower ...12 buns. 2 0 
Sweet Peas. .doz. bns. 1 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 0 3 
s . d . 
50 0 
8 0 
6 6 
12 0 
s. d. 
6 0 
6 0 
24 0 
30 0 
12 0 
0 0 
21 0 
12 0 
6 0 
6 0 
s . d . 
9 0 
6 0 
3 0 
2 0 
1 0 
0 6 
6 0 
1 0 
4 0 
6 0 
3 0 
2 0 
2 0 
2 0 
6 0 
3 0 
3 0 
4 0 
2 0 
0 6 
Wonderful circulation of Hot-water in a single 
pipe. Apparatus 7 ft. long ; burns gas or oil. 
Price, complete, 1 6 /_ 
G. TOOPEjF.R.H.S.j&SON, 
STEPNEY SQUARE, LONDON, E. 
GREENHOUSES. 
Everything Complete from 
50/- to £250. 
Send for complete New Illus¬ 
trated List, post free. 
W. COOPER, 
751, Old Kent Road, 
LONDON, S.E. 
The Best and Cheapest Fuel for use in GREENHOUSE 
BOILERS, STOVES, and HEATING APPARATUS generally 
is the HENDEEFOEGAN ANTHRACITE COAL. 
Absolutely Smokeless. Specially sized for these purposes. For 
price in truck loads and full particulars, apply to the 
United Anthracite Collieries, Ld., 23, Lime St , London. 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Alloa Horticultural Exhi¬ 
bition . 60 
Amateurs’ Garden . 5S 
Apples, Mr. Barlow’s. 52 
Beans, Runner. 59 
Bee-keeping . 56 
Carnations. 59 
Cherry, the Winter. 59 
Chirita Moonii. 59 
Coltness. 53 
Coreopsis tinctoria. 59 
Dahlia and Grape Confer¬ 
ence . 60 
Dipladenia atropurpurea .. 59 
Garden, round my . 55 
Gloriosa superba. 52 
Grapes, out-door. 52 
Felixstowe, notes from .... 58 
Floriculture . 56 
Herbaceous Cut Flowers .. 54 
PAGE 
Holmes, William, the late.. 51 
Jarrah-wood . 52 
Man urial Value. 55 
Marigold, African.59 
National Chrysanthemum 
Society. 52 
Oncidium flexuosum . 53 
Orchid notes. 60 
Pansies . 56 
Papaver umbrosum. 59 
Passiflora Constance Elliot. 55 
Pelargonium Rollisson’s 
Unique.59 
Pickle-farming. 54 
Pink, the . 56 
Polygonum sachalinense .. 60 
Potato disease . 52 
Rosa rugosa, preserve of .. 59 
Tritonias. 56 
Vanda ccerulea. CO 
H. M- P0LLETT & Co., 
Horticultural and General Printers, 
42 to 48, FANN ST., ALDERSGATE ST., 
LONDON, E.C. 
Nurserymen anil Seedsmen’s Catalogues a Specialty. 
Schedules, Entry Forms, Certificates, and every 
description of Printing for Horticultural Societies. 
TRADE NOTICE. 
A 6-TON TRUCK of BEDFORDSHIRE COARSE 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Anthracite Coal, 
W. H. Essery .... 
United AnthraciteCollieries 
Lmtd. 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris. 
J. C. Stevens. 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son. 
Dicksons. 
Ireland & Thomson.. 
Levenshulme Horticul¬ 
tural Co. 
J. R. Pearson & Sons. 
J. Peed & Sons. 
Roozen Bros. 
Ant. Roozen & Sons . 
Silberrad & Son . 49 
Staveley, Taylor & Co. ... 49 
Sutton & Sons . 49 
R. Sydenham. 51 
Van Meerbeek & Co. 51 
J. Veitch & Sons . 51 
B. S. Williams & Son. 51 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Son. 49 
H. Cannell & Sons . 50 
Sutton & Sons . 49 
Cut Flowers. 
H. English. 49 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead . 51 
Smith . 49 
Florists’ Flowers. 
Bell, Stuart & Co. 49 
M. Campbell.. 49 
W. Dean. 49 
E. S. Dodwell . 51 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 49 
Mr. Lane . 49 
A. Lister. 49 
Fruit. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 49 
Fruit Trees and Roses. 
J. Le Cornu & Son . 51 
T. Rivers & Son. . . 50 
Garden Sundries, &e. 
Agri-Horticultural Chem¬ 
ical Co. 62 
J. Arnold . 62 
Fisher & Sharpe . 51 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst .. 49 
Horticultural and Agri¬ 
cultural Chemical Co.... 63 
Garden Sundries, &c., 
Contd. page 
Ponkey Potteries. 62 
G. R. King . 51 
H. G. Smyth. 50 
Stott & Co., Ltd. 50 
J. Taylor & Son . 49 
C. G. Warne . 63 
Heating Apparatus. 
Thames Bank Iron Co. ... 64 
C. Toope & Co. 62 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons. 49 
W. Cooper . 50 
C. Frazer’s Exors. 50 
J. Gray . 49 
Hayward. 49 
Mellowes & Co. 49 
W. Richardson & Co. 49 
J. Weeks & Co. 49 
Insecticides. 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 49 
Gishurst Compound ...... 49 
Nicotine Soap . 49 
Picrena . 63 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson . 49 
Clay’s Invigorator . 49 
W. Thomson & Sons . 49 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’ Cocoa . 63 
Gishurstine . 49 
A. Outram. 50 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets.. 49 
Orchids. 
Charleswortli, Shuttle- 
worth & Co. 51 
P. McArthur. 49 
Roses. 
II. English. 49 
Seeds. 
R. Sydenham . 51 
Stove and Greenhouse 
Plants. 
H. English. 49 
Ireland & Thomson. . 64 
Strawberries. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 49 
J. Cornish . 49 
T. Laxton . 49 
W. Lovel & Son . 49 
T. Rivers & Son . 49 
R. Smith & Co. 50 
PAGE 
64 
62 
50 
50 
49 
50 
64 
51 
50 
49 
50 
50 
SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Small Advertisements, solid type, 6d. per line of about nine 
words. Displayed Advertisements, per inch, 6s. ; per column 
(12 ins. long), £3 5s. ; per half-page, £5; per page, £9. Special 
uotations given for a series. Gardeners and others Wanting 
Situations, thirty words for Is. 6d., prepaid. 
Postal and Money Orders to be made payable to B. Wynne, 
at the Drury Lane Post Office, W.C. 
Advertisements for the current week, and also 
“ Stop Orders," must reach the'office not later than the 
first post on Wednesday Morning. 
SILVER SAND 
For 35s., Cash. Free on Rail at Leighton. 
Address only the OWNER, 
JOSEPH ARNOLD* 32, Polygon,LONDON, H.W. 
ESTABLISHED SO YEARS. 
PEAT 
Also fibrous 
For Orchids, Azaleas, and Rhododendrons 
supplied in Truck Loads. 
LOAM, best qualities. 
PONKEY POTTERIES 
RUAEON, NORTH WALES, 
FLOWERPOTS 
Large quantities of all kinds always in stock. 
SAMPLES AND PRICES ON APPLICATION. 
All Ware stamped PONKEY. 
SAVES MORE THAN TWICE ITS COST IN LABOUR. 
NO SMELL. 
One application will keep the Walks and Drives clear 
of Weeds for at least Eighteen Months. 
Recommended by Mr. W. G. Head, Crystal Palace, and other 
leading Gardeners. 
Prices In 1 and 2-gal. tins, 2s. per gal. (tins included) ; in 
5-gal. drums, Is. 6d. per gal.; 10 and 15-gal. drums, Is. 4d. 
per gal. Special quotation for larger quantities. Carriage 
paid on 10 gals, and upwards. 
(ggr Used in the proportion of One Gallon to 2I> Gallons of Water. 
Sole Proprietors and Manufacturers, 
THE AGRI-HORTICULTURAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, 
Tunbridge, Kent; and Carlton St., Bolton, Lancashire. 
London Wholesale Agents— Messrs. Corry, Soper, Fowler & 
Co , Limited, Finsbury Street; and Hooper & Co., Limited, 
Covent Garden. May also be had of Messrs. Barr & Son, 12, 
Kin" Street, Covent Garden; Barclay & Sons, Limited, 95, 
Farringdon Street; James Veitch & Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, 
Chelsea ! and others. 
