November 1, 1890. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
139 
of various habits. The Chinese Trachycarpus Fortunei, 
better known as Chamaerops Fortunei, succeeds without 
shelter other than that afforded by neighbouring bushes. 
Near this side of the nursery we were charmed with a 
hedge of Hydrangeas, simply a mass of brilliant blue 
and pink flowers. 
Some hedges consisted of Indian Azaleas, showing 
what might be done in the island provided peat were 
more plentiful. The soil, however, evidently suits the 
Tree Heath (Erica arborea), a specimen of which stood 
about 25 ft. high, and had stems varying from 6 ins. 
to 9 ins. in diameter. Near this a bush of the Assam 
Tea Plant was 4 ft. or 5 ft. high, and 10 ft. through. 
The Chinese variety was smaller. Close by the Cork 
Tree (Quercus Suber) had a trunk about 1 ft. in 
diameter, and was 35 ft. high. The Mexican Garrya 
macrophylla has leaves 6 ins. long and 2 ins. to 3 ins. 
wide, and was taller than we usually see the Californian 
G. elliptica. The curled or crumpled leaves of Negundo 
aceroides crispum give the plant a very distinct appear¬ 
ance. 
The young foliage of Euonymus fimbriatus is red, 
but of course is most plentiful in spring. The 
broad-leaved Holly (Ilex latifolium) stood about 12 ft. 
high, and was pruned in the form of a standard. A 
curiosity in its way near the entrance to the nursery 
was a specimen of Muehlenbeckia complexa, trained 
and pruned in the form of an elephant. We noted 
Datura suaveolens and a yellow-flowered variety of D. 
sanguinea, in pots ; but a specimen of the type planted 
in the open ground was full of bloom, and stood about 
6 ft. high. With a little protection it stands out all 
the winter. 
Bamboos and Herbaceous Plants. 
A number of Bamboos planted on the banks of a 
running stream were thriving luxuriantly, and looked 
very beautiful with their graceful twiggy stems and 
light green foliage. Arundinaria Metake, also known 
as Bambusa japonica, formed fine masses of a dark 
green colour. More graceful, however, was A. falcata, 
standing 10 ft. high, with narrow light green leaves 
and twiggy stems. A beautiful specimen of B. 
gracilis, something in the way of the latter, but even 
more slender in all its parts, was the produce of a 
self-sown seedling, all the other specimens having 
been somehow lost. Fortune’s Bamboo was 5 ft. 
high. 
The New Zealand Flax or the variegated form (Phor- 
mium tenax variegatum) seemed quite at home, but P. 
Cookianum variegatum, better known as P. Colensoi 
variegatum, had sent up a flower stem 10 ft. or 12 ft. 
high. The variegation is finer than in P. tenax, and 
quite distinct. The Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis) was 
also happy with its feet in the water. On drier ground 
the Pampas Grass had flowering stems 10 ft. high, and 
formed a bush 12 ft. in diameter. Its near ally, Arundo 
Donax variegata, was thriving beautifully, showing up 
its variegated foliage to advantage. The New Zealand 
Linum monogynum had stems 3 ft. high. Hardy also 
is Hedychium Gardnerianum, which was in flower. 
Lobelia splendens Queen Victoria appears to be rare 
in this island, but we noted it here, Elsewhere, L. 
fulgens often takes its place, or is even confused with 
L. cardinalis. 
Considerable quantities of Chrysanthemums are grown 
in the open, to be lifted and brought indoors. When 
so treated, Mrs. Charles Carre keeps on flowering up 
to Christmas. It is here considered the best late white 
for cut-flower purposes. Madame Desgranges and G. 
Wermig are grown for early work. Lady Selborne may 
be considered a mid-season sort, as it was a mass of 
buds when we saw it. This variety is largely grown 
for Covent Garden. A quantity of Richardia africana 
in boxes in the open air had flowered more or less 
continuously since Christmas last. 
The Hothouses. 
The fruit had mostly been cut in some vineries occupied 
with Black Hamburgh, and the floor was planted with 
Freesias, already well above the ground when we saw 
them in the first week of October. A photograph of 
the beds taken last year when the plants were in flower 
showed what a sight the houseful of bloom must have 
been. 
Alicante in another house bore finely finished 
fruit. The young Vines are rooted in the open air. A 
large quantity of Myrsiphyllum asparagoides is grown 
in boxes in another house and allowed Co run up twine 
to be afterwards cut and used in the form of sprays. A 
vigorous and bold-growing red-flowered Carnation is 
Duke of Fife ; and alongside of it the pure white 
Madame Carre formed a beautiful contrast. 
NEW CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
Viviand Morel. —The stems of this Japanese variety 
grow about 3§ ft. to 4 ft. high. The flower heads are 
large and soft lilac-pink, and the outer florets are much 
recurved and concave at the tips. Miss M. A. Haggas. 
—This is a tall-growing, mid-season, incurved variety, 
with medium or large-sized, soft, but clear yellow 
blooms. The florets are hooded or concave on their 
inner face. It is a sport from Mrs. Heale. Made¬ 
moiselle Marie Hoste. —The flower heads of this 
Japanese variety are of large size, and pure white when 
fully expanded. They are also very full in the centre 
when at their best. The florets are broad and nearly 
flat, or more or less revolute at the margin, the outer 
ones being recurved. The foliage is robust, ample, and 
deep green. Miss V iolet Tomlin. —This is a sport 
from Princess of Wales, and first made its appearance in 
1888. It varies from medium to large size, and flowers 
about mid-season. The stems are very tall, and the 
flower-heads are violet-purple, with white lines on the 
back, and silvery white tips to the florets. Like its 
parent, it is of course an incurved sort. All four 
were exhibited by Messrs. Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, 
at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, on 
Tuesday last, when each was accorded an Award of 
Merit. 
Miss Annie Hartshorn. —The florets of this variety 
are broad, of good substance, pure white, somewhat 
recurved, and again upcurved at the tip, at least before 
it is fully expanded. The heads are large, and of fine 
appearance. The variety is of American origin, and 
belongs to the Japanese class. Duchess of West¬ 
minster.— In this we have a Japanese Anemone of 
English origin. The rays are long, white, slightly 
tinted with lilac, and drooping. The disc is well 
elevated, and consists of wide-mouthed, tubular, purple 
florets, with a bright yellow rim round the mouth, 
fading to white, or nearly so as the flower-head gets 
old. Both were shown by Mr. R. Owen, Castle Hill, 
Maidenhead, at the same time and place as the above, 
and received Awards of Merit. 
Eugenie Gait. —The flower-heads of this Japanese 
variety are at present of medium size, with deep 
crimson-purple florets of a silvery rose on the reverse. 
Provided the heads get somewhat larger, the variety 
will no doubt become popular for exhibition purposes. 
W. Thicker. —The florets of this Japanese variety are 
rose-pink with a soft pink reverse, are two to three¬ 
toothed at the apex, and sometimes slightly hairy 
there. The heads are large, and the florets slightly 
incurved at the tips in the way of Mons. Freeman, but 
are not densely packed. Both were shown by Messrs. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent, who received 
Awards of Merit for them. 
NATIONAL CHRYSANTHEMUM 
SOCIETY. 
At the Floral Committee meeting on Wednesday, a 
collection of cut blooms of Chrysanthemums, neatly 
set up in bunches, was exhibited by Messrs. H. Cannell 
& Sons, Swanley. Fine Japanese varieties were Martha 
Harding, Eugenie Gait, W. Tricker, Viviand Morel, 
Madame Say, L’Automne, and Avalanche. M. Lebocqz 
is rather a pretty Anemone variety, and Sabine is 
another of a clear yellow colour, but rather irregular in 
the ray. Messrs. J. Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, 
exhibited a number of plants in pots, including Vice- 
President Audiguier, a pink and white Japanese 
variety ; Mademoiselle Marie Hoste, pure white Japan¬ 
ese ; Viviand Morel, large pink Japanese, and several 
others. 
Messrs. Carter & Co., High Holborn, showed 
a stand of cut blooms of new varieties. Holborn 
Beauty is a golden yellow Japanese variety, slightly 
tinted with buff and canarv-yellow on the reverse ; 
Henry Carter is in the way of Val d’Andorre, but the 
florets are more tinted with yellow ; Yellow Cockade is 
golden yellow. Mr. R. Owen, Castle Hill, Maidenhead, 
also exhibited two stands of new varieties, amongst 
which were Mr. Wm. Lane, Miss Annie Hartshorn, 
Mrs. R. Clarke, and Alberic Lunden, all Japanese forms 
of great merit. Madame Gayral, incurved, and Duchess 
of Westminster, Japanese Anemone, were also note¬ 
worthy. 
Mr. R. Falconer Jameson, Hessle, near Hull, 
showed a few blooms, as did also Messrs. Reid & 
Bornemann, Trewsbury Road, Sydenham. Mr. H. J. 
Jones, Hither Green, Lewisham, showed blooms of 
Cesare Costa and some others. Some Pompons were 
shown by Mr. W. E. Boyce, Victoria Cottages, Archway 
Road, Highgate, aud a Pompon Anemone named 
Frederick Boyce was commended. Mr. C. Gibson, 
Morden Park, Mitcham, showed Gloire de Roelier, a 
fine Japanese sort. Mr. T. L. Turk, Cholmeley Lodge, 
Highgate, showed a few blooms, as did also Mr. Moore, 
Bexley. 
--»=£<-- 
AUTUMN-FLOWERING CHRY¬ 
SANTHEMUMS. 
A basket of these beautiful autumn flowers sent me on 
October 11th for a harvest festival service, after being 
in the place of worship for five days were distributed 
here and there, and found to keep quite fresh for ten 
days longer. There are but few hardy flowers that 
would excel these Chrysanthemums for this purpose, 
and without doubt they are growing in popular 
estimation. The undecided colours are not much cared 
for, while yellow, pink, red, and crimson, where 
obtainable good, are the best. Buffs, pretty as they 
may be on the plants, are not effective for the ordinary 
purposes to which cut flowers are usually put ; Madame 
Desgranges, La Vierge, and White St. Crouts are 
amongst the best. 
I find ladies who are excessively fond of white flowers 
for dress sprays are delighted with the medium-sized 
blooms of La Vierge, especially that they are so purely 
white. White St. Crouts has small, true, Pompon-like 
flowers, and with the pink variety make pretty button¬ 
hole bouquets. The darker forms do not come out 
well; whether due to lack of constitution or not I 
cannot say, but such varieties as Alexander Dufour, 
Lyon, and Roi des Precoces present a very poor aspect 
compared with the free growth and abundant blooming 
of the light-flowered forms. Mrs. Hawkins and 
Precoeite are amongst the most pleasing of yellows, 
G. Wermig looking pale and poor when alongside of 
Mrs. Hawkins. A very pretty bronze-quilled variety 
is Inimitable, and a free bloomer it is too, but Pom- 
ponium is both too late and tall. 
If we could but get a crimson Desgranges the gain 
would indeed be great. The cream of the section may 
be found in a dozen varieties, but selections for ordinary 
outdoor culture should not be made from plants grown 
in pots under glass. The varieties want to be seen 
growing out in the open, planted out. We have had 
this year a very delightful autumn season for Chrysan¬ 
themums, and that fact should encourage those having 
gardens to plant freely of the autumn bloomers.— A. 1). 
«:-c- 
ARDENING 
ISCELLANY, 
—=*■— 
A Large Calathea. 
Few if any of the Calatheas are more widely grown or 
better known than Calathea zebrina, and one frequently 
sees large pieces of it in pots ; but when planted out it 
has more scope for development, and increases not 
only in width, but bears leaves of handsome pro¬ 
portions, and if just sufficient shade is given the 
colouration of the foliage is also fine. The natural 
hue is of a light velvety green, barred with greenish 
purple ; but if kept in a dry atmosphere, and too much 
exposed to direct sunlight, the leaves assume a yellow 
hue characteristic of the aridity of the atmosphere. A 
piece was planted out in a bed in a warm fernery at 
Rosenheim, Guernsey, the seat of Mrs. General Huysche. 
Such was its rate of increase and the size it attained, 
that half of it had to be cut away to reduce it within 
limits proportionate to the width of the house. The 
piece still left measures 8 ft. across each way, and the 
foliage is perfect in colour. 
Cassia coi'ymbosa. 
The plant now well known in gardens under this 
name is half-hardy, and is not only a highly ornamental 
subject for indoor culture, either in pots or planted 
out, but proves highly suitable for outdoor culture 
during the summer months. A bed of it was, till 
recently at least, very effective and simply a mass of 
bloom in the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society 
at Chiswick, Senecio Petasites and Lavatera arborea 
occupied the centre of a circular bed, and the Cassia 
monopolised all the rest, in fact, leaving but very 
little room for the subjects above mentioned, which 
would soon have been smothered out of existence had 
the struggle for supremacy been continued much 
longer ; but, as a matter of course, if the plants are not 
lifted, the frost soon puts a stop to the contest. 
The flowers are golden yellow, and abundantly pro¬ 
duced in corymbs terminating short lateral shoots. In 
planting it out, plenty of room should be afforded to 
allow of its attaining its best development, as it 
flowers up to the very last, in fact, till frost occurs. 
