November 1, 1890. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
141 
Cypripedium Arnoldianum. 
Tins is a new hybrid between C. Yeitchii (superbiens) 
and C. concolor. Leaves 4 ins. long by 2 ins. wide, 
light green, with hieroglyphic-like tesselation of dark 
green, stem 5 ins. high, dark brown with white short 
down. Ovary, six-ribbed ; slightly downy. Flowers 
large, measuring nearly 4 ins. across the petals. 
Dorsal sepal nearly round, slightly recurved on the 
sides, lemon colour at the base, extending upwards. 
The veins are of vinous purple, slightly shading over 
the ground colour. The lower sepal is of the same 
colour, only the veins are not so pronounced. Petals 
2 ins. long, very broad, the inner portion lemon colour, 
while the outer portion is shaded with vinous purple ; 
three-fourths of the inner circle is covered all over with 
dark spots, as in C. Veitchii. Lip is long, with narrow 
opening ; bright lemon-yellow at the base with deep 
vinous purple veins and dottings in the upper part. 
The column is light green, and the staminode, which is 
horse-shoe shape, lemon-yellow, with purple border. 
This beautiful hybrid, which is well intermediate 
between the two parents, was raised at Short Hills, in 
less than two years. This is the quickest time on 
record for Cypripediums, and especially so if we con¬ 
sider that C. concolor, one of the parents of this hybrid, 
is a very slow grower. Another noteworthy tact is 
that this is the first distinct hybrid of American 
origin that was raised in a greenhouse open to the 
public in general, also that it was reared by a young 
man, Joseph Manda, Jun., whose age is less than the 
time it takes the average Cattleya to flower from seed. 
This beautiful distinct hybrid is appropriately dedi¬ 
cated to Hicks Arnold, Esq., of New York City, an 
ardent amateur of choice Orchids.— TV. A. Manda , in 
The American Florist. 
Bulbophyllum amplum. 
The young pseudo-bulbs of this species are short, 
oblong, and covered with sheaths ; but the old ones 
are naked and strongly ridged. A pair of elliptic 
deep green leaves are borne on the top of the young 
pseudo-bulbs. The scape is terminal and one-flowered. 
The sepals are lanceolate, elongate, and pale yellow, 
closely and finely spotted with purple ; the lateral ones 
are incurved, and somewhat concave at the base. The 
petals are linear, erect, smaller but similar in colour to 
the sepals. The lip is three-lobed, and rather a 
curious organ, as the lateral lobes are pale yellowish, or 
nearly white and closely spotted with purple, while the 
terminal lobe is large and deep blackish violet. The 
column is also heavily spotted with purple in front. 
A Botanical Certificate was awarded for it to Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart., M.P. (gardener, Mr. White), Burford 
Lodge, Dorking, when he showed it at the Drill Hall, 
Westminster, a fortnight ago. 
Cattleya Dowiana Lindeni. 
The sepals of this pretty variety are very pale lilac, 
indeed almost white. The petals are ovate-elliptic, 
lilac-purple, and closely netted with silvery white veins 
all over. The lip is of a rich crimson-purple, lined with 
purple and yellow in the tube, with a bright yellow 
blotch on each side of the entrance to the same. 
Externally the tube is of a deep purple. A plant was 
exhibited at the last meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society by M. Linden, Parc Leopold, Brussels, who 
received an Award of Merit for the variety. The flowers 
it may he stated are of medium size for the species, hut 
may increase in size as the plant gets established. 
--- 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES, 
--r-- 
Royal Horticultural.— October 28 th. 
The severe frost that occurred on Monday, but more 
especially on Tuesday morning last, no doubt prevented 
exhibitors from bringing out their more tender plants. 
As it was, the hulk of the exhibits consisted of 
Chrysanthemums mostly in the cut state, also Cycla¬ 
mens, Pernettyas in fruit, hardy trees and shrubs, and 
vegetables. A few Orchids were exhibited, mostly 
Cattleyas. 
A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Mr. T. H. 
Crasp, gardener to Lord Wimborne, Canford Manor, 
Dorset, for a group of Chrysanthemums, set up with 
their foliage, and arranged on an elevated stand. Some 
of his best represented varieties were Lord Wolseley, 
Jeanne d’Arc, and Empress of India, amongst incurved 
sorts, while Japanese varieties were represented by 
Mons. Astorg, Thunberg, Elaine, and Edwin Molyneux. 
A more tastefully arranged stand was that shown by 
Mr. G. Wythes, gardener to the Duke of Northumber¬ 
land, Syon House, Brentford. The flowers were cut with 
foliage, and tastefully interspersed with Palms and small 
Ferns. His finer blooms were Avalanche, Elaine, 
Baronne de Prailly, Chang, Florence Piercy, Mr. 
Bunn, Lord Wolseley, and Cloth of Gold. This novel 
and tasteful arrangement secured for him a Bronze 
Banksian Medal. A similar award was made to Messrs. 
H. Cannell & Sons, for a larger group arranged on a 
somewhat similar plan, but the blooms were much 
more steeply graded from front to back, all except the 
first row being much elevated above the stand. Fine 
Japanese kinds were Yiviand Morel, Avalanche, Ex¬ 
position de Troyes, W. Tricker, and Eugenie Gait. 
Yery novel in their way are L’Automne and Mrs. Ja3. 
Carter. Messrs. J. Laing&Sons, Forest Hill, exhibited 
a small group of plants in pots, mostly new varieties of 
Chrysanthemum, including Miss M. A. Haggas, Violet 
Tomlin, and Mademoiselle Marie Hoste. A Silver 
Banksian Medal was awarded to Mr. Wm. Taylor, 
Twickenham Road, Isleworth, for a large group of 
Cyclamens occupying the greater part of one side of the 
middle table. At one end of the group was a smaller 
one consisting of a strain the leaves of which were for 
the greater part of their surface of a silvery grey, while 
the flowers were of various colours. A Bronze Banksian 
Medal was awarded to Messrs. Wm. Paul & Son, Waltham 
Cross, for a collection of ornamental trees and shrubs, 
someof which wereinfruit, including Hollies, Pernettyas, 
Cotoneasters, and others. A similar award was made 
to Messrs. Cutbush & Son, Highgate, for a beautiful 
and finely berried group of dwarf Pernettyas in eight 
varieties, differing in the size and colour of the berries. 
Some of the more distinct were Pernettya mucronata 
alba, P. m. elegans, P. m. purpurea, P. m. lilacina, 
P. m. macrocarpa, and P. m. rosea. A collection of 
new varieties of Chrysanthemum was shown by Mr. R. 
Owen, Castle Hill, Maidenhead. Some of the finer of 
them were Miss Annie Hartshorn, Duchess of West¬ 
minster, Lady Fortescue, Achievement, and Mr. 
Wm. Lane, the first and two last being Japanese forms. 
Some interesting as well as showy and curious flowers 
were brought up from the Royal Gardens, Kew, includ¬ 
ing Solandra grandiflora with large pale yellow flowers 
fading to buff, Ipomsea Horsfallise Briggsii, Cleome 
heptaphylla, Philodendron Simsii, and P. dolosum. A 
vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. Bridger, Penshurst 
Place, Tonbridge, for a box of blooms of a border 
Carnation named Saccharissa cut on the 27th of October 
from the open ground. Flowers of Helianthus tuberosus 
(very seldom seen) were exhibited by Mr. A. Harding, 
Orton Hall Gardens, Peterborough. 
A Silver Flora Medal was awarded to M. Linden, 
Parc Leopold, Brussels, for a collection of varieties of 
Cattleya Warocqueana, including C. W. formosa, 
C. W. delicata, C. W. Victoria, C. W. amcena, also 
C. Dowiana Lindeni and C. granulosa Russelliana. 
There were also a number of unnamed varieties of 
C. Warocqueana showing considerable variation. The 
latter Cattleya was also exhibited by Mr. Wm. C. 
Atkinson, Aigburth, Liverpool ; Mr. Arthur Coombes, 
The Gardens, Himley Hall, Dudley ; R. Young, Esq., 
Fringilla, Linnet Lane, Liverpool ; and W. J. 
Thomson, Esq., Ghyllbank, St. Helens, Lancashire. 
R. Young, Esq., also showed three spikes of Vanda 
Sanderiana, bearing in the aggregate thirty-one dark 
and finely-coloured flowers, for which he received a 
Cultural Commendation. Messrs. Seeger & Tropp, 
East Dulwich, were accorded a vote of thanks for a box 
of blooms of different varieties of Laffia Perrinii. 
Odontoglossum grande was shown by Mr. Walter J. 
Nicolls, 258, Kingsland Road, N.E. 
At a meeting of the Fruit Committee, Messrs. 
J. Carter & Co., High Holborn, exhibited a very large 
head of Carters’ Extra Early Autumn Giant Cauliflower. 
Mr. R. Dean, Bedfont, showed specimens of Nouveau 
Poiteau Pear and Granger’s Winter Pearmain Apple, 
receiving a Cultural Commendation in each case for 
the fineness of the specimens. Mr. Colbourne, Wolver¬ 
hampton, showed a dish of Strawberry Noble. Mr. 
Thomas Laxton, Bedford, exhibited Laxton’s Chou de 
Bedford and a quantity of a white-skinned Jerusalem 
Artichoke. A seedling Grape was shown by Mr. Wm. 
Smythe, The Gardens, Basing Park, Hants. A box of 
Apples, named Ashtead Park Seedling, was staged by 
Mr. Hunt, Ashtead Park, Surrey. Cheltenham Green- 
Top Beet, a very dark variety, was shown by Mr. G. 
Wythes. A large collection of Potatos was brought up 
from the Royal Horticultural Society’s Gardens at 
Chiswick, including amongst the kidneys clean samples 
of Perfection, Stanley, Tit Bits, Victory, The Poor 
Man’s Friend, and Mottled Beauty. Good specimens 
of round varieties were Goldfinder, Mr. Balfour, Tennis- 
ball, Plymouth Rock, Triumph, and Winnebago. From 
the Society’s gardens a large number of varieties of 
Endive were also brought up, including some broad¬ 
leaved kinds, such as Fine Laciniated Souviers, White 
Curled, Ever White Curled, Imperial Curled, and 
Rouen or Staghorn. The cut-leaved Endives were in 
many cases very distinct, especially Moss Fine Curled, 
Green Very Fine Parisian, Summer, and other varieties. 
All were shown in pots. 
North of Scotland Horticultural 
Association. 
The monthly meeting of this association was held in 
the Music Hall, Aberdeen, on the 27th inst. There 
was a good attendance, and Mr. D. M. Smith presided. 
The chief business on the agenda card was a paper by 
Mr. Donald, gardener, Denmore, on “The Gooseberry.” 
After giving an interesting history of the plant, Mr. 
Donald went on to speak of its cultivation. It is very 
easily raised from seed, and its varieties are capable of 
being endlessly multiplied, as many as a hundred 
kinds having been cultivated in the early part of the 
century, while at the present time, said Mr. Donald, the 
lists of exhibitors contain as many as 300. As far as 
weight is concerned, it would seem that the maximum 
had been reached in 1852 in the variety named London, 
the figure being 37 dwts. 7 grains. Since then the 
tendency has been backward, the next heaviest being 
that of the “ Bobby ” of last year, which scaled 29 
dwts. These berties, however, are quite unnatural in 
their size, being produced by special cultivation. 
The Gooseberry possesses four different habits of 
growth, viz., upright, pendulous, spreading, and the 
large-fruiting varieties termed “Lancashire sorts,” 
which are of a drooping or horizontal nature. Of all 
the modes of training, none will yield heavier crops 
than the bush form, and he (the lecturer) recommended 
what is generally termed quarter planting as preferable 
over all others for this purpose. At the present time 
the Gooseberry is to be found in all sorts of soils ; but, 
speaking for himself, he had found the best results in a 
calcareous soil or sandy loam—one rather inclined to be 
dry than wet. Mr. Donald then proceeded to speak in 
detail on quarter planting, dealing with trenching of 
new plantations, the space allowed to each plant, 
manuring, and the prevention of over-crowding. In 
regard to growth and training, the chief care was the 
prevention of over-luxuriance, and he gave certain 
instructions in regard to pruning. He went on to refer 
to the numerous dangers to which the plant was exposed, 
mentioning in particular birds, the only preventative 
from which was netting ; cold, from which there was 
little or no safeguard, save the very obvious one of 
canvas covers ; insects, such as wasps, the remedy for 
which was to kill the queen wasps in spring, and exter¬ 
minate as opportunity offered ; caterpillars, the greatest 
of all pests, being best coped with by the application to 
the plants of hellebore powder, in the proportion of 1 lb. 
to every 100 bushes. 
Proceeding to speak of the pecuniary aspect of the 
subject, namely, the profitable cultivation of the berry, 
he went on to say that an acre, containing 1,210 plants 
in a good season, should yield £120, but speaking 
generally, the average return was something like £75. 
With reference to the productive powers of the Goose¬ 
berry of other countries, he did not think that this 
country had any serious competition to meet. He then 
made some remarks on the uses of the fruit, and gave 
a number of hints in regard thereto. The yellow, 
green, and white varieties were mostly used in a fresh 
state, being generally of a sweeter and more palatable 
nature. The smaller sorts of the red were preferred for 
making into jams ; unripe berries of all kinds being 
equally adaptable for the making of jellies, &c. In 
the matter of over-production, it was his opinion that 
the present supply would be nothing to the demand 
were the nature of the fruit better understood, and 
better managed. 
He would suggest as an interesting matter for the 
fruit committee of that association to make a specialty 
of raising new varieties, flavour and the maintaining 
of flavour being the chief points in view. Prizes might 
be offered for varieties possessing merits over existing 
varieties. New methods of preserving ought also to 
be sought. Why, he asked, were not the berries 
preserved in a dry state as well as a liquid ? H4 also 
spoke of the manufacture from the Gooseberry of brandy 
and wine ; and while he might not commend this he 
thought a good cordial or temperance beverage could 
be made from the berry. The demand for fruit, he 
said, was growing, and if cultivators did not keep their 
weather-eye open, they, together with their fruit produc- 
