May 23, 1891. 
THE GARDENING YfORLD 
609 
the rare Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum. It 
was discovered a few weeks ago among a lot of the type 
—namely, C. Lawrenceanum, which the Messrs. Low 
sold to Mr. Edwin Lonsdale, of Philadelphia, some 
two years ago. This is a lucky find for Mr. Lonsdale, 
and he is to be congratulated in consequence.” 
Cypripedium acaule. 
The specific name of this curious and beautiful plant 
refers to the dwarf character of the flower stem, which 
does not exceed a height of 3 ins. or 4 ins. from 
the ground to the base of tbe flower. For this reason 
the best plan is to grow the species in pots, where its 
beauty will be seen to greater advantage, and the flower 
escape being spoiled by heavy rains washing the soil 
upon it. Being a native of the Northern United States, 
it is, however, perfectly hardy in this country, and 
may be grown in peaty soil upon the rockery, or made 
to adorn the hardy plant house according to the option 
of the cultivator. The oblong-lanceolate sepals are 
pale brown and yellow, while the petals are purplish 
brown, and coarsely pubescent or hairy on the lower 
half, which gives them a peculiar appearance. Both 
sets of organs are shorter than the large, inflated, rose- 
coloured lip, which is infolded at the sides. 
Ophrys Berlowi. 
There is a remarkable variation in the size and shape of 
the disc on the different species of Ophrys or Bee Orchis, 
and in this case it is triangular-reniform, of small size, 
slaty blue, and situated on the middle of the lip, which 
is otherwise of a velvety blackish brown. The oblong 
sepals are pink, with a green midrib, and the petals are 
linear and purple. The species grows about 6 ins. or 
8 ins. high, and may be described as pretty. 
-- 
SO CIETI ES. 
Manchester Botanical and Horticultural.—The 
twenty-fifth annual great exhibition of this society 
was opened on Friday, the 15th inst., under most 
unfavourable circumstances as regards the weather, 
constant showers of snow, hail and rain making it very 
unpleasant for the visitors as well as the exhibitors. 
The day will long be remembered as the coldest 
experienced on the Friday before Whitsuntide for many 
years. Notwithstanding this drawback, and the 
lateness of the season, a really excellent display of 
Orchids, flowering and fine foliage plants was staged 
in competition for the liberal prizes offered by the 
society, and we sincerely hope that the financial results 
will be better at the end than could have been 
anticipated at the start. The premier prize for the 
best miscellaneous group of Orchids, Palms, Ferns, and 
other decorative plants was awarded to Mr. Blair, 
gardener to the Duke of Sutherland, Trentham, and 
the arrangement of his group was in every way worthy 
of Mr. Blair’s well-known good taste as exemplified in 
these competitions. Odontoglossums, Cattleyas, Mas- 
devallias and other Orchids were freely used with 
Palms, Ferns, and other suitable plants, forming one 
of the best and most effective groups ever staged at 
Old Trafford. The second award went to Mr. Holmes, 
gardener to George Hardy, Esq., Timperley, who had a 
fine and showy lot of plants neatly arranged. Col. 
Pepper, Milford Hill, Salisbury, took the third prize. 
For twelve Orchids, Mr. George Hardy was easily 
first with large and well-flowered specimens of Dendro- 
bium thyrsiflorum, Cattleya Mossise with eighteen fine 
spikes, a large Cymbidium Lowii, and others. Mrs. 
Hodgkinson, High Lawn, BowdeD, was second. For 
ten Orchids, bond fide specimens, the awards went to 
the same exhibitors, and in the first prize collection 
"were a Cattleya Skinneri with twenty-four spikes, 
Cymbidium Lowii with thirteen spikes, a fine Lselia 
purpurata, with Dendrobium Paxtoni and others, all 
especially noticeable. In the classes for ten Cattleyas, 
three Vandas, and a single specimen plant, Mr. George 
Hardy took all the premier awards. The competition 
in the classes for stove and greenhouse flowering plants 
was very limited, the principal prizes going to Colonel 
Pepper, and Miss Lord, Ashton-on-Mersey. For a 
group of miscellaneous plants, arranged for effect, and 
occupying a space not exceeding 200 ft., Mr. Elkin, 
gardener to Mrs. T. Agnew, Eccles, was easily first with 
a bright and effective arrangement; the second award 
going to Miss Lord. For twelve dinner-table plants in 
or out of flower, Mr. Jellicoe, gardener to F. H. Gossage, 
Esq., Woolton, Liverpool, received the first award, 
closely followed by Lord Howard, of Glossop. With 
thirty Alpine Plants, in or out of flower, Mr. Plant, 
gardener to R. P. Gil), Esq., Woodley Hall, Sale, was 
first, James Lamb, Esq., BowdeD, being a close second. 
For eight dishes of fruit, distinct kinds, Mr. Mclndoe, 
gardener to Sir J. W. Pease, Bart., Hutton Hall, 
Guisboro’, took the premier prize ; the second award 
going to Mr. Edmonds, gardener to the Duke of St. 
Albans, Bestwood Park, Nottingham. Mr. Mclndoe 
was also the most successful exhibitor in the classes for 
Pine Apples, Peaches, and Melons. 
Mr. Cypher, nurseryman, Cheltenham, was the only 
exhibitor in the miscellaneous class for Orchids, Palms 
and decorative plants arranged for effect, and was 
deservedly awarded the first prize, and the same exhi¬ 
bitor was easily first in the class for ten stove and 
greenhouse plants in flower, with large and finely- 
flowered Azaleas Cedo Nulli and Roi de Hollands, a fine 
Pimelia spectabilis rosea and Erica Cavendishiana, very 
good Aphelexis purpurea grandiflora and A. spectabilis, 
with Hedaroma tulipifera, finely coloured and well- 
flowered Anthurium Scherzerianum and A. S. Wardii. 
Mr. J. F. Mould, nurseryman, Pewsey, Wilts, came in 
second with smaller plants. The same exhibitors also 
won the prizes for ornamental-foliage plants. In the 
class for ten specimen Orchids, Mr. Cypher was again 
to the front with large and well-flowered plants, in¬ 
cluded among which were Dendrobium Jamesianum, 
with quite 250 open flowers ; a fine Dendrobium nobile 
splendens, highly coloured ; Oncidium Marshallianum, 
Cypripedium caudatum, with twenty-eight flowers ; a 
fine Ltelia purpurata alba, &c. Messrs. Heath k Son, 
Cheltenham, were second with nice healthy plants, but 
smaller. The third award went to Mr. J. F. Mould. 
For a group of Roses in pots, including standards, and 
for twenty Roses in pots not exceeding 9 ins. across, 
Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, were first in both 
classes with good plants of Mrs. J. Laing, Her Majesty, 
Violette Bouver, Merveille de Lyon, Ella Gordon, the 
single white Polyantha, and others. Mr. J. W. Williams, 
Stockport, and Mr. J. F. Mould followed in the order 
named. 
Mr. C. Turner, Rryal Nurseries, Slough, had the 
best eight Azaleas, exhibiting large and well-flowered 
pyramid plants of Madeline, Comtesse de Flandre, 
Grandis, Jean Vervaene, Rai de Plollande, Mrs. 
Turner, &c. Mr. J. F. Mould was second with smaller 
but well-flowered specimens. Mr. Turner was the only 
exhibitor of show and fancy Pelargoniums. Messrs. 
R. P. Ker & Sons, Liverpool, took the premier awards 
for ten Crotons and for a group of miscellaneous plants 
arranged for effect, which was put up in their well- 
known and effective manner. A large collection of 
Rhododendrons and Japanese Maples from Messrs. 
John Waterer & Son, Bigshot, was deservedly admired, 
and the same remark applies also to the beautiful 
collections of herbaceous and Alpine plants from 
Messrs. Dicksons Limited, Chester, and Stansfield 
Bros., Southport. Messrs. Ryder & Son’s, Sale, 
pretty bed of Primula amceua had many admirers, 
the colours being very nicely arranged for effect. 
Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Holloway ; Mr. Cypher, 
Cheltenham ; Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth & 
Co., Bradford and London ; Messrs. Heath & Son, 
Cheltenham, and the Liverpool Horticultural Company 
all put up very pleasing displays of Orchids, flowering 
and foliage plants, &c., not for competition. First 
Class Certificates were awarded to Messrs. B. S. 
Williams & Son for Odontoglossum elegans and Pteris 
Smithiana ; and to Messrs. Heath & Son for 
Masdevallia Heathii, a new hybrid flowering under 
eighteen months from the tints of sowing the seeds. 
Royal Aquarium, Westminster.—The early summer 
exhibition which was opened on Wednesday at mid¬ 
day, and continued over Thursday, proved to be in all 
respects, except the want of a somewhat more spirited 
competition, a very pretty little show, and here we saw, 
perhaps, the finest set of pot Roses we shall see this 
season. Messrs. William Paul & Son, Waltham Cross, 
contributed an extensive and exceedingly beautiful 
group of pot Roses and cut bloams, amongst which was 
a very striking example of the new H.P. Crimson 
Queen, a rich dark crimson of rare sizs and substance, 
with noble foliage to boot, which was certificated last 
year; and a very fine new H.P. named Gustave 
Pigneau, a rich deep rose-coloured flower of rare merit. 
For twelve Roses in pots, Mr. W. Rumsey, Waltham 
Cross, was first, with a beautifully finished lot of plants. 
For a group of flowering and fine foliaged plants 
arranged for effect Messrs. John Laing & Sons were 
first, with a capital assortment of plants, Mr. H. 
Janies, Norwood, a good second, and Mr. James Hudd, 
gardener to J. W. Prior, Esq., Gordon House, Black- 
heath, third. Messrs. John Laing & Sons secured first 
honours in a good class for nine Caladiums, with large 
well-grown examples. Mr. J. Day, gardener to S. 
Groves, Esq , Casino House, Herne Hill, S.E., was 
second ; and Mr. C. Nunn, gardener to W. J. Soames, 
Esq., Maze Hill, Greenwich Park, third. The best 
herbaceous Calceolarias were contributed by Mr. II. 
Smith, gardener to T. Gabriel, Esq., Elmstead, Leigham 
Court, Streatham ; and the finest three vases or stands of 
flowers by Mr. Chadwick, gardener to E. M. Nelson, Esq., 
Ealing, who was followed by Mr. G. Collins, gardener 
to Mrs. Anderson Rose, Wandsworth Common ; and Mr. 
Lambert, gardener to W. H. Segelcke.Esq., Herne Hill. 
Mr. Chadwick had also the best single vase suitable for 
a drawing room. The best Azaleas and stove and 
greenhouse plants came respectively from Mr. H. 
James and Mr. James Hudd, and the best six Ferns 
were also contributed by the last-named grower. Mr. 
T. S. Ware had a fine miscellaneous group, composed 
mainly of Mountain Paeonies. Messrs. Barr & Son 
contributed an exceedingly bright and fresh group of 
cut flowers of hardy plants ; and from Messrs. Paul & 
Son, Cheshunt, came an exceedingly fine lot of cut 
hardy flowers, including hardy flowering trees and 
shrubs. Mr. Dean’s arrangements admirably hit off the 
peculiarities of the building, making the whole look 
bright and gay, but the weather was not at all so bright 
as could have been desired. 
-- 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
It is particularly requested that correspondents 
will favour us with their communications as early in 
the week as possible, and that they address them only 
to “The Editor.” 
Black Fly on Cherry.— J. B. : You should commence 
the eradication of the fly on its first appearance, and while the 
numbers are yet small. Dust the leaves and tips of the growing 
shoots infested with tobacco powder. A very good insecticide to 
use consists of tobacco juice and soft soap. Steep half a pound 
of some strong black tobacco in three gallons of hot water, and 
add four ounces of soap to the mixture. Syringe the trees with 
this mixture after it becomes cool, and twelve hours afterwards 
wash the trees with clean water, using a syringe or garden 
engine. A larger amount of soap might be used, say in the 
proportion of two pounds of soap to three gallons of soft water, 
adding a quart of tobacco water to the mixture. Treat exactly 
as in the case of the former preparation. 
Books Wanted.— J. B.: Choice Stove and Greenhouse Plants , by 
B. S. Williams, in 2 volumes. We are not sure about the price, 
but think about 6s. each volume. Greenhouse and Stove Plants, 
by T. Baines is published by John Murray, Albemarle Street, 
and is about 5s. or 6s. 
Names of Plants. — P. IF.; 1. Probibly Alsophila australis, 
but without fruit we cannot be sure ; 4. Didymochltena lunulata. 
Omega : 1, Erysimum ochroleucum, often called Cheiranthus 
alpinus; 2, Spiraa prunifolia flore pleno. R. T. J.: 1, Narcissus 
biflorus; 2, N. poeticui recurvus; 3, Corydalis lutea; 4, Exochorda 
grandiflora ; 5, Lamium Galeobdolon. H. Thom: 1, Primula 
involucrata ; 2, Kalmia glauca ; 3, Prunus Mahaleb. A. B.: 1, 
Adiantum Peruvianum ; 2, Asplenium flabellifolium ; 3, Scolo- 
pendrium rhizophyllum ; 4, Aspidium angulare var. F. Taylor : 
Next week. 
Pony Hoes. — Bushman: Messrs Lloyd Lawrence & Co., 34, 
Worship Street, Finsbury, E.C., sell a good American hoe. 
Sparaxis. — Plaistow: Several species of Sparaxis are pretty 
frequently cultivated in gardens in this country, but particularly 
in the south of England. They are nearly hardv, and may be 
flowered in warm sheltered places in the open, but more success 
attends their cultivation in cold frames where the rain can be 
thrown off and rough winds excluded. The sashes would also 
ward off a certain amount of frost while growth is being made 
in spring, and the plants are pre aring to flower. The best 
course for you to pursue then would be to grow the bulbs in 
light sandy soil in a cold frame. You may grow them in pots if 
you like, and use them to adorn the shelves of the greenhouse 
in spring and early summer. They may be raised from seed, 
but you would do better to obtain bulbs from some of the 
seedsmen who deal largely in bulbs. 
Vines. —.7. L. G. : Your Vines are suffering from an excess of 
moisture and a stagnant atmosphere. Give more air so as to 
ripen the wood better for next year. 
Communications Received.— A. J. M. —T. S.—H. B. M.— 
E. R. J.—W. H. G. —VV. — A. M.—C. L. A.-T. C.—R. L.. 
- »I <«- 
TKA.DE catalogues received. 
James Carter & Co., 237 and 23S, High Holborn, W.C.— 
Stove, Greenhouse and Bedding Plants, Me. 
Alfred Peel & Sons, Wood Green, N., and Upper Tooting, 
S.W.—Illustrated Catalogue of Greenhouses, &c. 
Dammann & Co., San Giovanni a Ted'-coio, near Naples, 
Italy.—Wholesale Catalogue of Bulbs, Roots and Orchids. 
-- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
May 20th. 
Fruit.— Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s.d. 
Apples .. per £-sieve 16 6 0 
Cherries.|-sieve 
Currant, black, £sieve 
— red.£-sieve 
New Grapes .. i»#»r lb. 2 6 4 0 
Kent Cobs ...100 lbs. 50 0 
s. d. s.d. 
Nova Scotia Apples IS 0 30 0 
Pine-apples, ifiug., lb. 
— St. Michaels, each 2 6 5 0 
Strawberries.lb 2 0 6 0 
Tasmania Apples, 
per case 10 0 14 0 
