737 
July 18, 1891; THE GARDENING WORLD; 
THE MADEIRA MARSH ORCHIS. 
The Marsh Orchis (O. latifolia) is one of our British 
species which has a wide range of distribution through 
Europe, North Africa, and Madeira to North Asia 
and the Himalayas. The Madeira form is a giant 
reaching a height of 3$ ft. even under cultivation, as 
may be seen on the rockery at Kew, where it enjoys a 
cool recess exposed to the morning sun only. The stem 
is about an inch thick at the base, and leafy almost to 
the flowers. The lower leaves are broad and ovate- 
oblong, while the upper ones are lanceolate, and all 
narrowed to a point. The flowers are purple and 
arranged in a long rather dense spike, having a some¬ 
what leafy appearance, owing to the long bracts ex¬ 
tending somewhat beyond the flowers. The well- 
known O. foliosa also comes from Madeira, but when 
seen alongside of the Marsh Orchis is quite distinct 
with the flowers closely arranged hiding the bracts. 
There seems no reason why these stately Orchids 
should not be as frequently planted in herbaceous 
borders as many of the more common and less 
interesting subjects. 
I30RTI(£ULTUKAL $0(£IGTIG$. 
Preston and Fulwood Horticultural Society. 
The annual general meeting of the members of the 
Preston and Fulwood Floral and Horticultural 
Society was held recently at the Old Legs of Man, 
Fishergate, Mr. S. H. Stott, Fulwood, presiding. 
There was a very good attendance, and the report of 
the Committee again congratulated the members on 
the successful character of the Society's operations 
during the year, and especially \yth regard to the 
Spring Show and the monthly meetings. The 
financial statement showed that the cash in hand at 
the commencement of the year was ^40 16s. 4^d. The 
subscriptions amounted to /124 12s. 6d. The total 
income was ^253 18s. 3^d. The expenditure included 
/106 17s. 3d. paid as prize money, and the cash in 
hand at the end of the year amounted to /51 4s. 2d. 
The report was unanimously adopted, and the 
following gentlemen appointed to serve on the Com¬ 
mittee :—Messrs. Wm. Troughton, Charles Parker, 
E. Sendall, J. Healy, P. Howarth, J. Ashworth, P. 
Whittle, W. H. Wilding, Ed. Payne, Thomas Spell¬ 
man, Jon. Brindle, R. Frisby, J. Parkinson, H. E. 
Tye, Hy. Winwood, Hy. Terry, W. Weaving, J. 
Sharpies, W. P. Roberts, Jos. Clarke, J. Williams 
W. Simpson, J. Cross, Jos. Kirkman, Dr. Sharpies, 
S. H. Stott, J. Hathaway, J. Plough, Thos. Hodson, 
R. Smith, J. Blackburn, Thos. Whitwell, J. Y. Foster, 
W. Norris, and Hy. Oakey. Mr. J. B. Dixon was 
again elected treasurer, and although Mr. John 
Atherton pleaded to be allowed to retire, the 
members, recognising his valuable services to the 
Society as Secretary, re-elected him by acclamation. 
NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
%* Special attention is paid in the columns of The 
Gardening World to the answering of questions on 
all subjects connected with practical horticulture, 
and the naming of Plants (other than Florists’ 
Flowers) and Fruits, in which department the 
Editor is assisted by practical gardeners and 
specialists of great experience. 
The name and address of every writer is requested, 
not necessarily for publication, if that is not desired, 
but as a guarantee of the writer’s bond fides. No 
notice whatever will be taken of anonymous letters, 
other than those merely asking questions. 
It is particularly requested that correspondents 
will favour us with their communications as soon 
after Thursday in each week as possible, and that 
they address them only to “The Editor.” 
Correspondents are specially requested to write 
only on one side of the paper ; and to write their 
questions in as few words as possible consistent with 
clearness. 
Questions mo mshjshs. 
Names of Plants.— P. IV. : Muscari comosum 
monstrosum. X. : Lilium parvum. XV. H. : Pratia 
angulata, a native of New Zealand. David. Bell : 
1 Bifrenaria Atropurpurea. An Apprentice: 2 Reti- 
nospora obtusa cycoprodioides ; 7 Rhododendron 
intermedium. F. R. S. : Lycaste Deppei. We 
could not find any insect ; box broken. IF.il/. ; 1, 
Rhus Cotinus; 2, Polemonium coeruleum albi- 
florum; 3, Ornithogalum pyramidale; 4, Trades- 
cantia virginica rubra; 5, Asphodelia lutea; 6, 
Gaultheria Shallon. 
Book on Ferns. —I want a book that will give, in 
an easily identifiable form, figures and descriptions 
of a typical character by which the leading British 
species can be identified.— A. S. D. [Moore’s 
British Ferns is by far the best for a beginner to take 
in hand, and when he has mastered that, Druery’s 
Choice British Ferns will be found most useful.) 
Oleanders. —The beauty of my Oleander is some¬ 
what spoilt by young shoots growing above the 
flowers, but I have seen plants where this has not 
occurred? How is it prevented ?— Frank. [As soon 
as the masses of bloom were formed you should have 
picked off the young shoots which soon afterwards 
formed at the base. They rob the flowers of much of 
their strength, and it is no detriment to the plants to 
remove them, as in the ordinary course of cultivation 
all the shoots have to be cut hard back after 
flowering.] 
Budding Roses.— J. T.v Wait till next month. 
In early districts it is not well to bud too soon, as 
the risk is run of their making an autumn growth 
which is not desirable. Many good growers consider 
September the best month for budding on the 
Manetti. Repeat your other question when the 
planting season comes round and we will endeavour 
to help you. 
Passion Flower.— T. Sampson : Tacsonia coerulea 
is the common Passion Flower to be seen so plenti¬ 
fully in your district (Richmond), where it flowers 
with great freedom and in some seasons sets fine crops 
of fruit too. You can buy plants cheap from any 
local nurseryman, and should plant in spring for 
choice. 
Schizanthus.— Manx Man: Sow seeds of S. 
pinnatus at once, thin out the young plants well, and 
keep them in somewhat small pots until the turn of 
the year. Keep them as close to the glass as you 
can during the winter, consistent with safety from 
frost. Give them a well enriched sandy loam mixed 
with a little peat. They flower grandly in the early 
summer months. 
Persian Iris.-—A mateur: Cheap enough, andean 
easily be obtained shortly when the Dutch Bulbs are 
on hand. It does very well in pots if heated some¬ 
what the same as a Hyacinth. It has been culti¬ 
vated in this country nearly 300 years, and was the 
first plant figured in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine 1787. 
Artificial Manures.— Journeyman : Nitrates and 
phosphates are the chief ingredients in all good 
artificial manures. Your question covers too wide a 
range of subjects to be briefly dealt with, and we 
would recommend the study of a good handbook on 
the subject, such as Warrington’s Chemistry of the 
Farm (Bradbury, Agnew & Co.). 
Pinks. —S. C. : We do not know any work specially 
devoted to the Pink, but you will find its cultivation 
ably handled in Mr. Douglas’s Hardy Florists' Flowers, 
which can be had from the author, Great Gearies, 
Ilford, Essex. 
Artillery Plant. — Cornubian : Your friend has, 
unconsciously perhaps, adopted a practice by no 
means new in using Pilea muscosa as a bedding 
plant. We have often seen it so used, and with 
admirable effect, especially as a ground-work for 
Tuberous Begonias. 
Gloxinias. — Haughmond: Sow in August, as soon 
as the seeds are ripe, for flowering early, if so required. 
As a general rule, January, however, is early 
enough. 
Gardeners’ Provident and Benefit Society.— 
The Secretary, Mr. W. Collins, 5, Martinue Terrace, 
Martindale Road, Balham, S.W., will give you any 
information you require. There are others in different 
parts of the country, but we have little information 
respecting them. 
Herbalist. — Omega asks for the name and address 
of a good Herbalist. Can any of our readers 
oblige him ? 
Fungus on Rose. — Briar: The leaves are at¬ 
tacked with the well-known Rose Rush (Uredo 
Rosae), which, so far as we know, is not very pre¬ 
valent this season. All you can do is to pick off the 
leaves and burn them. 
Stove and Greenhouse Plants. A Constant 
Reader : Published by Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, 
Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, Upper Holloway, N. 
Communications Received. W. P.—Omega— 
A. D.—J. F.—G. F.—W. C.—S. C.—Athol—W. B. R. 
—W.—B. and S.—C. H. S.—E. M.—S. K. G.— 
Letitia. 
TRADE CATALOGUE RECEIVED. 
Thomas Methven & Sons, 15, Princes Street, 
Edinburgh.—Hyacinths, Narcissi, Tulips, and other 
Spring-flowering roots. 
LONDON SEED TRADE. 
July 6 th. 
Messrs. Hurst & Son, 152, Houndsditch, and 39, 
Seed Market, Mark Lane, E.C., report the market 
for agricultural seeds unchanged. Reports as to 
new crop of Perennial Ryegrasses are favourable. 
Mustard and Rape sell slowly. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d s. d. | s. d. s. d. 
Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 
— St. Michaels, each 2 6 
Peaches .perdoz. 4 o 
Strawberries.lb. 6 3 
Tasmania Apples, 
per case 10 0 
16 30 
5 o 
12 o 
o 9 
Apples... per |-sieve 
Cherries. J-sieve 5 0 10 0 
Currant, blk., |-sieve 
—red.|-sieve 
Grapes.per lb. _ _ 
Kent Cobs ...ioolb. 40 o 
Nova ScotiaLApples 18 o 30 o 
Vegetables—Average Retail Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
Horse Radish, bundle 2 o 
14 o 
s. d. s. d 
ArtichokesGlobe doz. 30 60 
Asparagus.per ico 5 o 60 
Beans, French, perlb. 16 20 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 26 40 
Carrots ... per bunch o 6 
Cauliflowers,English, 
per doz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 06 09 
Endive, French, doz. 36 46 
Lettuces ...per dozen 2 o 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 3 
Onions.per bushel 5 0 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading,punnet o 4 
Spinach, per strike ... 3 6 
Tomatoes. per lb. 1 o 
Turnips.per bun. o 6 
4 o 
2 6 
2 o 
6 o 
1 6 
Potatos.— Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton ; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d, 1 j. d. Si d . 
Aralia Sieboldi ...doz. 6 0 12 0 
Bouvardias...per doz. 8 o 12 o 
Calceolaria...per doz. 40 60 
Coleus.per doz. 30 60 
Crassula.per doz. 9 o 15 o 
Cyperus .per doz. 40120 
Dracasna term., doz. 30 o 60 o 
Hydrangea, per doz. 9 o 24 o 
—Paniculata,perdoz. 18 o 24 o 
Liliums,various, doz. 12 o 30 o 
Lobelia.per dozen 30 50 
Marguerites, per doz. 60120 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Musk.. per dozen 20 40 
Dracaenaviridis,doz. 9 o 24 o Palmsin variety, each 2 6 21 o 
Erica, various...doz. 9 o 18 o 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 o 18 o 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 o 60 o 
Helilrope, per doz. 40 60 
Pelargoniums ...doz. 6 0 15 0 
—scarlet.per doz. 20 40 
Rhodanthea, perdoz. 40 60 
Spiraea perdoz. 6 o 12 o 
Stocks.per doz. 40 60 
Tropasolum, per doz. 40 60 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Anemones, doz. bun. 20 40 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 20 50 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 20 
— per dozen bunches 40 60 
Eschscholtzia, i2bhs. 20 40 
Eucharis ...per doz. 26 40 
Freesias.doz. bun. 30 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 16 40 
Heliotropes,12 sprays 03 06 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 20 40 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 30 40 
— various, doz. blms. 10 20 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs. 4 090 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 40 60 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 16 30 
Myosotis. .doz. bchs. 20 40 
Pansies, doz. bunches 10 20 
s. d. s. d. 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 06 10 
— scarlet... 12 sprays 04 06 
1 Pink,various,perdoz. 20 40 
Poppies, various, doz. 16 40 
Primula, double, bun. 06 10 
Pyrethrum, doz. bchs. 20 40 
Roses, yellow, dozen 30 90 
— mixed... doz. bchs. 16 40 
— Moss .perdoz. 40 90 
— Red.doz. bchs. 20 60 
— Saffrano...per doz. 10 20 
— Tea.per dozen 10 30 
Spirasa, dozen bchs 60 90 
Stephanotis, dz. spys. 16 30 
Sweet Sultan,doz. bh. 20 40 
Sweet Peas, doz. bhs. 20 40 
| Tuberoses, per doz. 03 06 
Liliumcandidum,bch. 10 16 
— various, per bunch 09 10 
COITTEITTS 
PAGE 
Adiantum macrophyllum ...735 
Aerides maculosum, Pre- 
wett’s var.736 
Amateurs’ difficulties.728 
Amateurs’ Garden .734 
Cauliflower, a new.735 
Cherry Crop, the.735 
Clarkias .729 
Daffodil, the Peruvian .735 
Fern-land .736 
Flower Gardening, mixed...729 
Fruit Culture, hardy .731 
Fruit drying .728 
Floriculture .732 
Gardeners’ Royal Benevo¬ 
lent Institution.732 
Gloxinias .734 
Horticultural Society.737 
Houstonia serpyllifolia..735 
PAGE 
Ingram, Mr. G. J., .733 
Lepageria, double-flowered 734 
Lathyrus, Jarge-flowered ...734 
Odontoglassum crispum 
guttatum, Wilson’s var...736 
Orchid, Madeira Marsh.737 
Pansies at Chiswick .731 
Peas, early.732 
Pinks, laced ..732 
Pink, on the .729 
Plant groups, decoration ...727 
Plants, new .735 
Roses .730 
Roupell Park Nurseries.730 
Science gleanings .731 
Seeds, variety of.729 
Spiderwort, large white ...735 
Strawberries for forcing ...730 
Trees, lopping and topping.730 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. 
PAGE 
Protheroe & Morris ... 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son . 
•••725 
W. B. Hariland. 
R. Silberrad & Son. 
..725 
Climbers. 
R. Smith & Co. 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead ... 
..727 
J. Smith. 
..725 
R. Smith & Co. 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Dobbie & Co. 
•■725 
E. S. Dodwell . 
■•727 
H. J. Jones. 
..727 
J. Laing tS: Sons . 
..726 
Pitcher & Manda. 
-727 
J. Stevens . 
-727 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
Acme Chemical Compy 
..726 
Boundary Chemical Co. 
..725 
Fisher & Sharpe. 
■•727 
H. 1. Gasson. 
••725 
Horticultural & Agricul- 
tural Chemical Co. 
• •739 
Horticultural Supply Co. 725 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst 
-725 
W. Pen Dennis. 
..726 
A. Porter. 
..727 
A. Potter. 
..727 
R. Sankey & Son. 
-739 
Mark Smith . 
..726 
H. G. Smyth. 
M. Stewart. 
••725 
“ Stott ” Co. 
T. Walker. 
W. Wood & Son. 
• •739 
Hardy Plants. 
R. Dean . 
H. English. 
Heating Apparatus. 
Thames Bank Iron Co. 
..738 
Horticultural Builders. 
I. Boyd & Sons. 
-725 
J. Cooper . 
PAGE 
J- Gray .725 
A. Peel & Sons.725 
W. Richardson & Co.738 
J. Weeks & Co.725 
Insecticides. 
Acme Chemical Co.726 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ...725 
Corry,Soper,Fowler& Co.738 
Fir Tree Oil .738 
Gishurst Compound .725 
Nicotine Soap .725 
Picrena .727 
Slugicide ......725 
Stott.738 
Lawn Mowers. 
G. Coppin & Sons .725 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson .735 
S. C. Clay .725 
Clay & Levesley .726 
Standens’ .725 
W. Thomson & Sons.725 
E. S. Wiles & Co.725 
Miscellaneous. 
Bradford Woollen Co.725 
Cadbury’s Cocoa.240 
Epps’Cocoa .726 
Gishurstine .725 
A. Outran!.726 
Smyth’s Orchid Baskets 725 
Mushrooms. 
W. Cutbush & Son.727' 
Orchids. 
P. McArthur.725 
Seeds. 
J. Carter & Co.727 
R. Dean .725 
R. B. Laird & Sons.725 
Methven & Sons.725 
Sutton & Sons.725 
Webb & Sons .711 
B. S. Williams & Son.725 
Strawberries. 
W. H. Harrison .,..726 
T. Laxton .725 
