770 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
August 1, 1891* 
Luton Horticultural. —This Society held its flower 
show this season in connection with the Bedfordshire 
Agricultural Society, which took place at Luton on 
the 22nd ult. A comprehensive schedule of prizes 
was issued, and, though a great many entries were 
made, a number of exhibitors did not show, which 
caused the spacious tent to look somewhat empty, 
as ample accommodation in this respect had been 
provided. The same difficulty was experienced here 
in filling the tents as is now generally observed of 
late—the marked falling off in the size of the plants 
that are staged for competition. Large and small 
shows alike show this falling off, and flower shows 
may be said to be passing through a crisis in this 
respect, and it appears difficult to provide new and 
attractive features. In one tent was arranged 
several striking groups of palms and foliage plants, 
not being for competition. Of these notably was a fine 
collection from the Luton Hoo conservatories, sent 
by Mr. W. Baillie, and arranged in two or three 
separate groups, and a group of superb Palms, 
Ferns, &c., one sent by Mr. Hempson, of Ampthill 
House, while another fine exhibit of various plants 
was that of Messrs. Cutbush & Sons, Highgate, 
London. The cut blooms made an especially fine 
exhibition, the Roses all round being superb, 
especially the exhibits of Mr. Charles Turner, Royal 
Nursery, Slough; Mr. F. Cant, and Mr. B. R. Cant, 
both of Colchester, whose blooms were deserving of 
the high encomiums passed upon them. Messrs. 
Laxton, of Bedford, had a very fine collection of 
Roses, which were much admired. The cut Roses 
were really the feature of the show, and the blooms 
shown by Mr. Turner were remarkably fine, especially 
Pride of Waltham, Sir Garnet Wolseley, Marie 
Baumann, Her Majesty, Duke of Edinburgh, Duke of 
Teck, Charles Lefebvre, L’Eclair, Gloire Lyonnaise, 
A. K. Williams, Alfred Colomb, and Mrs. J. Laing. 
In the classes for plants, open to all, there were 
scarcely any entries, and they of no importance. A 
class for groups of plants arranged for effect brought 
several, and they formed one of the best features of 
the show. Mr. B. Burnett was placed first, and 
Mr. A. Barford second. 
Several prizes for vegetables were offered by Messrs. 
Sutton & Sons, of Reading, Messrs. James Carter 
and Co., Holborn, Messrs. Daniels Bros., Norwich, 
The Agricultural and Horticultural Association, &c. 
The praiseworthy efforts of our friend Mr. William 
Warded to ensure an exhibition of his favourite 
flowers, the Carnation and Picotee, did not answer 
so well as he had hoped, owing to the lateness of the 
season, but he staged a small and interesting collec¬ 
tion of Carnations, Picotees, and Pinks, though they 
were only the first-fruits of the harvest of flowers in 
store for him. 
QUESTION ADD 
Erratum. —In our number for July i8th, p. 737, 
eighth line from the bottom of the first column, instead 
of 2, Retinospora obtusa cycoprodioides, read 2, 
Retinospora obtusa lycopodioides. 
Intermediate Stocks.— I obtained some seeds of 
the Ten Week Stock, also Intermediate and East 
Lothian Stocks in spring and sowed them. The first- 
named kind has now commenced to flower, but the 
others show no signs of it. What is the reason of 
this. — E. M. [Intermediate and other Stocks of that 
class are of the nature of biennials, while the Ten 
Week Stock is an annual. The former will flower 
next spring if they do not get killed during winter. 
To provide against such loss you should lift them in 
autumn with good balls of soil about the roots and 
plant them along the foot of a south aspect wall ; or 
if not too large you might-pot them up carefully and 
place them in a frame or cool greenhouse for protec¬ 
tion in winter. Now is the proper time to sow 
Intermediate and East Lothian Stocks. Sowin boxes 
or pans, transplanting them as soon as the seed leaves 
are well developed into other pans and boxes in case 
they show signs of damping. When they have made 
a few leaves, pot them off singly in small 60-size pots 
and keep them in frames for the winter till all danger 
of frost is over.] 
Hellebores diseased. —Will you kindly let me 
know by means of your valuable paper, what is affect¬ 
ing the leaves enclosed of Helleborus niger, as I am 
unable to account for it. I have two plants badly 
affected.— H. Pollard. [The leaves including their 
petioles were affected with a fungus named Perono- 
spora Ficariae, which sometimes proves very 
destructive to garden Hellebores, but particularly to 
Helleborus niger and its varieties. The same fungus 
lives on the Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus Ficaria) 
and the Buttercup (R. repens), so that it will be 
necessary to uproot and destroy all plants of that 
kind in the vicinity of your Hellebores. Cut off and 
burn all leaves of the Hellebores themselves which 
show' the black spots and burnt looking pieces to 
prevent the spread of the disease. It may even be 
necessary to lift the crowns if they are getting rotten 
to trim away the dead pieces. If you lift them, plant 
in fresh soil in a different part of the garden.] 
Gloxinias gone Wrong.— J. S.: The atmosphere 
of the house had possibly been kept too dry in the 
early part of the season, or at all events the foliage, 
but particularly the under surface, must have escaped 
being moistened with the syringe when such treat¬ 
ment w'ould have been highly beneficial to them. 
The under surface of the leaves sent us was infested 
with acari and thrip, and to them alone is due the 
scorched appearance of the lower surface and also 
the spots on the upper side. We frequently have 
Gloxinia leaves sent us showing the same evil as 
those which you sent. It is too late in the season to 
apply any remedy which will enable the plants to 
look healthy again. The only thing you can do is to 
thoroughly syringe the leaves, but especially the 
under surface, with a solution of Gishurst compound, 
or with soft soap, and a little flour of sulphur added 
instead. Then place the plants in a well-ventilated 
pit or frame to gradually ripen off. Next season keep 
a close watch on your plants all through the season, 
and upon the first traces of the same thing occurring 
again, treat every plant carefully with one or other of 
the above solutions; afterwards wash the plants 
with clean water, and maintain the atmosphere in a 
steamy close condition for two or three days. We 
have seen a complete cure effected in this way. 
Vines Losing their Leaves.—S. M.: Without 
knowing the exact treatment you have been giving 
your vines it would be difficult to state exactly what is 
the matter with them. The leaf sent was very thin 
in texture, and much infested with thrip and red 
spider. It would seem that the house has been kept 
too close and the atmosphere moist in the early part 
of the season, and that the foliage was ill able to 
bear the sudden change to which it was subjected by 
leaving off syringing. It is possible, too, that the 
border has been allowed to get dry at one time or 
other, and that, together with the presence of the 
insects mentioned, would be sufficient to cause the 
premature decay of the foliage. This state of matters 
we have actually seen before. The berries would 
crack because there is not a sufficient amount of 
green foliage to get rid of the sap pumped up by the 
roots. Paint the hot water pipes with sulphur, and 
apply a little fire heat to get rid of the spider. To 
destroy the thrip moisten the leaves by means of the 
syringe, and dust them with tobacco powder. After 
that keep the house cool and dry with plenty of 
ventilation till the crop is gathered, after which you 
can apply the syringe freely, using soft soap and 
water, or a solution of Gishurst compound, till the 
foliage is clean. 
Names of Plants. — Juno: 1, Adiantumconcinnum 
latum ; 2, Adiantum concinnum ; 3, Aspidium (or 
Cyrtomium) falcatum; 4, Nephrodium Filix-mas 
cristata probably, but specimen not characteristic ; 
5, Aspidium angulare var. ; the Stanhopea is S. 
oculata. B.&S.: 1, Campanula latifolia alba; 2, 
Campanula latifolia ; 3, C. pusilla ; 4, C. rotundifolia 
Hostii alba; 5, C. carpatica turbinata; 6, C. c. 
turbinata pallida ; 7, C. c. alba ; 8, C. c. macrocarpa ; 
9, C. Van Houttei; 10, C. grandis; 11, C. grandis 
alba; 12, C. Trachelium var.; 13, C. rapunculoides 
tar.; 14, C. lactiflora coerulea ; 15, C. rapunculoides ; 
16, Cimicifuga racemosa; 17, Eryngium not recog¬ 
nised ; 18, Helenium Bolanderi. 
Worms on Lawns.— H. H. : Water the lawn with 
lime water towards evening, and as the worms come 
to the surface sweep them off. The proportion is 
about 4 lbs. of unslaked lime to ten gallons of water. 
There is a worm soap in the market, but we have 
no experience of it. 
Heaviest Bunch of Grapes.— Novice: The heaviest 
bunch of Grapes grown in this country of which 
there is an authentic record, was one of the white 
variety, Trebiana, which weighed 26 lbs. 4 oz. It 
was grown at Eskbank, near Dalkeith, by Mr. John 
Curror, gardener to Mr. Douglas, and exhibited at 
an International Fruit Show held in 1875, in 
Edinburgh. 
Books.— Bedder : Cole's Royal Parks and Gardens of 
London (171, Fleet Street, E.C.) ; or Graham’s Guide 
to the Gardens of Hampton Court Palace (published by 
the Author, at Hampton Court Palace). 
Paint for Hot-water Pipes.— Sapling: Don’t 
use tar on any account or you will rue it. The best 
and safest material to use is lamp-black and linseed oil. 
Communications Received.—G. S. A.—G. F. W. 
—J. F.—C. H. S.—J. T.—T. W.—J. L.—L. C.— 
Begonia—J. M.—W. J. W. 
- _ _ 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Vilmorin, Audrieux & C o., 4, Quai de la 
Megisserie, Paris.—Bulbous Roots, Flower Seeds, 
and Strawberries. 
John Peed & Sons, Norwood Road, London, S.E. 
—Dutch and other Bulbous Roots. 
W. Cutbush & Sons, Highgate, N.—Dutch and 
other Bulbous Roots. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
July 2 Qth. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d s. d. I s. d. s. d. 
Apples... per £-sieve ! Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 
Cherries. J-sieve 4 6 10 0 —St. Michaels, each* 26 50 
Currant, blk.,|-sieve 70 73 Peaches . perdoz. 2 o 10 o 
—red.J-sieve 36 50 Strawberries . lb. 03 09 
Grapes.per lb. 16 30 Tasmania Apples, 
Kent Cobs ...100lb. per case 10 0 14 0 
Nova Scotia Apples 
Vegetables.—Average Retail Prices, 
s. d. s. d. 
ArtichokesGlobedoz. 30 60 
Asparagus.per ico 
Beans, French, perlb. 09 10 
Beet.per dozen 20 30 
Cabbages ... per doz. 26 40 
Carrots ... per bunch o 6 
Cauliflowers,English, 
per doz. 30 60 
Celery.per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers .each 06 09 
Endive, French, doz. 36 46 
s. d. s. d. 
Herbs .per bunch 02 06 
Horse Radish, bundle 20 40 
Lettuces ...per dozen 10 16 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 20 
Onions.per bushel 50 60 
Parsley ... per bunch o 6 
Radishes... per dozen 1 6 
Smallsalading.punnet o 4 
Spinach, per strike ... 3 6 
Tomatoes. per lb. o 6 10 
Turnips.per bun. o 6 
Potatos. — Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton ; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Aralia Sieboldi ...doz. 6 o 12 o 
Bouvardias...per doz. 8 o 12 o 
Calceolaria...per doz. 40 60 
Coleus.per doz. 30 60 
Crassula.perdoz. 9 o 15 o 
Cyperus .per doz. 40120 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 o 60 o 
Dracaenaviridis,doz. 9 o 24 0 
Erica, various...doz. 9 o 18 o 
Evergreens,invar.doz 6 o 24 o 
Ferns, invar..per doz. 4 o 18 o 
Foliage Plants, doz. 12 o 60 o 
Helilrope, per doz. 40 60 
s . d. s. d. 
Hydrangea, per doz. 9 o 24 o 
—Paniculata,perdoz. 18 o 24 o 
Liliums, various, doz. 12 o 30 o 
Lobelia . per dozen 30 50 
Marguerites, per doz. 60120 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Musk.per dozen 20 40 
Palmsin variety, each 2 6 21 o 
Pelargoniums ... doz. 6 0 12 o 
— scarlet.per doz. 20 40 
Rhodanthea, per doz. 40 60 
Spiraea perdoz. 6 o 12 o 
Stocks.per doz. 40 60 
Tropaeolum, per doz. 40 60 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s. d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms. 20 50 
Bouvardias, per bun. 06 10 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 20 
— per dozen bunches 40 60 
Eschscholtzia, i2bhs. 20 40 
Eucharis ...per doz. 20 40 
Freesias.doz. bun. 30 40 
Gardenias 12 blooms 16 40 
Heliotropes,12 sprays 03 06 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 20 40 
Lilium Harrisii, 
doz. blooms 30 40 
— various, doz. blms. 10 20 
MaidenhairFern,i2bs.4 090 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 40 60 
Mignonette... 12 bun. 16 30 
Myosotis. .doz. bchs. 20 40 
Pansies, doz. bunches 10 20 
s. d. s. d. 
Pelargoniums, 12 sps. 06 09 
— scarlet... 12 sprays 03 06 
Pink,varfous,perdoz. 20 40 
Poppies, various, doz. 16 40 
Primula, double, bun. 06 10 
Pyrethrum, doz. bchs. 20 40 
Roses, yellow, dozen 20 40 
— mixed... doz. bchs. 16 40 
— Moss .perdoz. 40 90 
— Red.doz. bchs. 20 60 
— Saffrano...per doz. 10 20 
— Tea.per dozen 10 30 
Stephanotis, dz. spvs. 16 30 
Sweet Sultan,doz. bh. 20 40 
Sweet Peas, doz. bhs. 20 40 
Tuberoses, per doz. 03 06 
Liliumcandidum.bch. 10 16 
— various, per bunch 09 10 
COITTEITTS. 
PAGE PAGE 
Amateurs' Garden, the.766 Fruit growing in Colorado 769 
Ascott, the N.C.S. at .764 Gardeners’ Hours .762 
Billbergia Baraquiniana... 767 Gloxinias .768 
Brayton Hall. 764 Oakwood, notes from.761 
Calceolaria augustifolia.767 Orchid Notes.769 
Carnations.764 Peas at Chiswick.768 
Carnation Shows, the....759 Pink Show, the Northern...764 
Caterpillars .763 Plants, new and rare.762 
Cherries in excelsis .764 Rhododendrons, Alpine ...765 
Chrysanthemums in Scot- Roses for Button-holes.767 
land .763 Societies .769 
Clarkias, Morning Glory ...768 Stanhopea Saccata..769 
Cochlioda Noezliana.769 Stocks, Night-scented .766 
Cottagers’ Fruit culture.760 Tomatos.760 
Dendrobium phalaenopsis 1 Tree Fern Stems.763 
Statterianum.769 Victoria Regia, the.761 
Ermine Moth, small .763 Wedding Decorations .762 
Fruit crops, our .761 Weigelias, the . 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sale. page 
Protheroe & Morris .758 
Bulbs. 
Barr & Son .757 
W. B. Hartland.757 
Ant. Roozen & Son.757 
R. Silberrad & Son.757 
Sutton & Sons.757 
B. S. Williams & Son ...757 | 
Climbers. 
R. Smith & Co.739 I 
Ferns, 
W. & J. Birkenhead .759 1 
J. Smith.757 
R. Smith & Co.759 
Florists' Flowers. 
J. Dobbie & Co.757 
E. S. Dodwell .759 
H. J. Jones.759 
J. Laing & Sons .757 
H. B. May.757 
J. Peed & Sons.757 
Pitcher & Manda.759 
J. Stevens .759 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
Acme Chemical Compy...75S 
Boundary Chemical Co....757 
Fisher & Sharpe.759 
H. J. Gasson.757 
Horticultural & Agricul¬ 
tural Chemical Co.772 
Horticultural Supply Co. 757 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst ...757 1 
W. Pen Dennis.772 
A. Porter.759 ! 
A. Potter.759 
R. Sankey & Son.772 1 
Mark Smith .772 1 
H. G. Smyth.758 
“ Stott ” Co.75S 
Hardy Plants. 
H. English.757 j 
Heating Apparatus. 
Thames Bank Iron Co. ...772 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons.757 
page 
J. Cooper .75S 
J- Gray .757 
A. Peel & Sons.757 
W. Richardson & Co.772 
J. Weeks & Co..757 
Insecticides. 
Acme Chemical Co.758 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ...757 
Corry, Soper, Fowler& C0.772 
Fir Tree Oil.758 
Gishurst Compound .757 
Nicotine Soap.757 
Slugicide . 757 
Stott.758 
Lawn Mowers. 
G. Coppin & Sons .757 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson .757 
S. C. Clay .757 
Clay & Levesley.753 
W. Thomson & Sons 
E. S. Wiles & Co. ... 
Miscellaneous. 
Bradford Woollen Co.757 
Epps'Cocoa .771 
Gishurstine .757 
A. Outram.771 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets 757 
Mushrooms. 
W. Cutbush & Son.759 
Orchids. 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Co. . 75S 
P. McArthur.757 
Seeds. 
L Carter & Co.759 
R. Dean .757 
Dicksons Limited .759 
R. B. Laird & Sons.757 
Methven & Sons.757 
Webb & Sons .759 
Strawberries. 
W. H. Harrison .75S 
Little & Ballantvne.759 
