August 22, 1891. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
809 
NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 
The undermentioned subjects were exhibited at the 
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on the 
nth inst., and received awards according to their 
kind and value. 
Caladium M, Leon Say. —As small plants only 
of this variety were shown the ultimate size they 
might attain could not be determined, but it would 
appear to be a moderate grower. The leaves meas¬ 
ured 8 ins. to io ins. in length, exclusive of the petals, 
and about 6 ins. broad. The whole surface was 
almost of a uniform soft-red with irregular sized, 
pinkish blotches distributed throughout. The prin¬ 
cipal nerves were of a deeper red, and a very narrow 
green margin could be determined. 
Caladium Louis Van Houtte.— The broad shield¬ 
shaped leaves of this variety are of a deep bronzy- 
red all over, shaded here and there with olive-green. 
Like the last-named the plant and leaves are of 
moderate size. Very large specimens have an impos¬ 
ing appearance for exhibition purposes, but there 
can be no question that for ordinary decoration 
plants of moderate dimensions are the most service¬ 
able. Those under notice were well-grown. An 
Award of Merit was accorded each of them when 
shown by Mr. C. F. Bause, Morland Nursery, South 
Norwood. 
Rose Charles Gater.— This is a new hybrid 
perpetual variety, of a nearly uniform deep-crimson. 
It is well formed in the bud stage, close and full, 
with the edges of the outer petals a little recurved, 
and emarginate or entire. The leaves are large and 
of a deep-green. An Award of Merit was accorded 
it when shown by Messrs. Paul & Son. 
Carnation Ketton Rose.— The flowers of this, 
are of large size, with broad, incurved petals rather 
deeply but bluntly toothed along the apex. It is a 
clear rose self of some value for border work, 
apparently of good constitution, and a free bloomer. 
A bunch of twelve blooms of it was exhibited by Mr. 
W. H. Divers, gardener toj. T. Hopwood, Esq., 
Ketton Hall, Stamford, when an Award of Merit was 
accorded it. 
Picotee Mrs. R. Sydenham.— In this we have 
a yellow ground Picotee, of large size, and which 
will prove useful for exhibition purposes. The petals 
are broad, slightly incurved at the edges, white and 
edged with rose lines, and sometimes streaks of 
irregular length running from the margin inwards. 
If of vigorous constitution it is sure to become 
popular. An Award of Merit was accorded it, 
when shown by Mr. J. Douglas, gardener to Mrs. 
Whitbourn, Great Gearies, Ilford. 
Carnation Queen of Bedders.— For border- 
work and cut flowers this variety is doubtless emi¬ 
nently suitable, flowering with remarkable freedom. 
The flowers are of a deep-red, and of large size, with 
broad somewhat toothed petals. They are not, how¬ 
ever particularly refined when thus grown in the open ; 
the heavy rains we have experienced for soma time 
past must have been against them. When grown in 
pots the plants are altogether neater, and the flowers 
of better form, with plenty of them. A large quantity 
of cut flowers and also a group of plants in pots were 
shown by Mr. C. Turner, when an Award of Merit 
was accorded the vareity. 
Picotee Mrs. Walford.— Blooms of this yellow 
ground variety were set up on white cards in the 
usual exhibition style. The petals are striped with 
scarlet, red and white along the centre, only from 
the apex downwards, the several stripes and markings 
forming in the aggregate a wedge-shaped blotch. 
The rest of the petal is of a uniform clear yellow. 
Picotee Madeline.— The petals of this Picotee 
are white, with a broad, soft purple edge. They 
have likewise plain edges. The flowers were of 
large size, fine appearance and set up on cards. 
Picotee Countess of Jersey.— In this we have 
another variety of large size, with a broad margin 
formed of short rose and scarlet stripes on a pale 
yellow ground. It was dressed in the usual exhibition 
style. 
Picotee Edith M. Wynne.— The pale 'yellow 
ground of this variety serves to bring out more 
distinctly the dark-scarlet and crimson lines which 
extend from the margin inwards. The blooms are 
of large size and quite distinct from any of the above- 
rpentioned kinds., The, petals as..spread out on the 
cards were flat, or nearly so. 
Picotee Romulus. —This variety was shown as 
grown in pots, and as the stems were 2 ft. high, it is 
evidently of vigorous constitution. The blooms were 
of great size for a plant so grown, and had evidently 
not been dressed. The ground colour was yellow 
irregularly striped and flaked with rose. If 
grown in the open border, the flowers would be 
somewhat rougher. 
Carnation Ruby. —The stems of this variety 
attain a height of 3 ft. even when the plant is grown 
in pots, a circumstance to which some cultivators 
might take exception. The plant is however fairly 
floriferous, and the flowers are of a beautiful deep 
rosy-carmine. 
Picotee Victory.— The ground colour of this 
variety is yellow, shaded with orange, heavily and 
irregularly flaked with orange-scarlet. The plant is 
of strong constitution, with stems 2J ft. high, and 
narrow, deep glaucous leaves. The young shoots of 
plants grown in pots were 12 ins. long, and therefore 
offer great facilities for layering. 
Carnation King of Scarlets.— In this we have 
a self-coloured variety, with medium to large sized 
flowers of a deep scarlet. The incurved, entire 
petals are very bright, and of fine appearance. 
Grown in pots the stems attain a height of i\ ft. and 
bear young shoots 6 ins. to 8 ins. in length. All the 
above nine varieties of Carnations and Picotees were 
exhibited by Mr. C. Turner, when each of them was 
accorded an Award of Merit. 
Carnation Pride of Sevenoaks. —A bunch of 
twelve blooms of this variety was shown by Mr. W. 
A. Searing, The Gardens, Oak Lodge, Sevenoaks, 
Kent, for which an Award of Merit was accorded. 
It is a pure white self with broad, entire, slightly 
incurved petals, and although the latter are numerous 
enough, they are not crowded. The variety is well 
adapted for border work. 
CONCERNING STOCKS. 
There are thirty species of Mathiola to which the 
name Stock may be applied, but when we speak of a 
collection of Stocks as grown in gardens we almost 
invariably find that they are the improved forms of 
two species only, namely, M. annua and M. incana, 
the former being the parent of the Ten-Weeks 
Stock, and the latter of the Queen, Brompton, and 
Emperor Stocks. Intermediate Stocks are con¬ 
sidered to be most nearly allied to the Ten-Weeks 
type, but they, as well as the East Lothian Stocks, 
certainly bear a 'strong 'resemblance to Mathiola 
incana. The different garden forms which have been 
evolved from these two are grouped into several 
divisions or races, according to their general 
character. The different varieties are named accord¬ 
ing to their colour, and it is a noticeable fact that 
these colours run parallel, or almost so, in the 
different divisions. With exception of the Ten- 
Weeks Stocks, the others do best when sown in 
August or September, and protected in frames or 
greenhouses till spring, particularly in and around 
large towns, where the plants are liable to be killed 
with the smoke and fog during winter. So protected 
and planted out in spring 'they flower splendidly 
during the early part of the year. In suitable 
localities, and especially under the shelter of a wall, 
old plants which have been well grown attain a 
height of 2 ft. to 3 ft. A collection of the various 
races may be seen in the Trial Grounds of Messrs. 
J. Veitch and Sons at Chiswick 
Ten-Weeks Stocks. 
A large percentage of double-flowered forms is the 
great desirability in all the undermentioned kinds. 
This is the ca-se with Dark Blood-Red, Crimson, 
Carmine Rose, Rosy-Lilac, and Chamois. The latter 
has creamy-white flowers shaded with pale salmon. 
The flowers of Rosy-Lilac are nearly all double; 
those of Aurora are creamy-yellow and the outer 
petals are tinted with pale lilac. About half of the 
plants of Rose have double flowers. 
The large-flowered Ten-Weeks Stocks'are charac¬ 
terised by the great size of the flowers individually, 
as the name implies. Dark Purple, White, Dark 
Crimson, Purple, and Blood-Red are all very good 
kinds. About half of the plants of Light Blue and 
Sulphur Yellow had double flowers. Canary 
Yellow is a fine sort, with flowers some shades 
darker than Sulphur Yellow' and curiously enough 
those plants which came single had pure white 
flowers. Similar differences can be noted between 
tlie. colours of the single and double forms of other 
kinds. The double-flowered forms of the White 
variety were notably dwarf compared with the 
singles occurring in the same lot, and which were twice 
or three times as tall. Princess Alice is a white 
variety much used in market gardens. The spikes 
are much longer, but the individual flowers are more 
scattered, or more widely placed upon the axis, so 
that the variety proves more useful for cut bloom, 
but would neither be so fine for border decoration, 
nor for pot work. Some growers may however have 
a different opinion on these points. 
The Robust Rocket Stocks constitute a new strain 
with taller stems and more elongated spikes, and 
may be described as a robust and strong growing 
race. The following colours are good, and the per¬ 
centage of double flowers is large, namely, Crimson, 
Reddish-Brown, a peculiar dull brownish-red colour, 
Flesh, Violet, and Light Blue. The percentage of 
double flowers amongst the Rose, Canary Yellow, 
and White varieties is not quite so large. 
The Wallflower-leaved kinds are characterised by 
the dark shining green colour of their leaves, an 
appearance brought about by the absence of the 
hoary coating of hairs peculiar to most Stocks, 
whether cultivated or wild. Dark Crimson and 
Porcelain Blue are the varieties noted for their 
floriferous character. Blood-Red, Coppery Red, 
Dark Blue, and White are all good sorts with a large 
percentage of double flowers. Primrose Dame is a 
pale yellowish, and good kind, very dwarf and 
apparently early. The above includes all the sorts 
here grown, and which may properly be considered 
as Ten-Weeks Stocks. The collection is moreover a 
large one, and for garden decoration should be amply 
sufficient to satisfy anyone. 
Intermediate, East Lothian and Emperor 
Stocks. 
As already stated these kinds flower best in spring, 
but if sown at that time a considerable number of 
them will flower on the main axis during late sum¬ 
mer and autumn. The _habit of these kinds is 
dwarfer, and altogether more branched and bushy, 
with a more hoary appearance, as might be expected, 
seeing that they are forms of Mathiola incana. A 
spring sowing was made with a view of ascertaining 
the respective merits of each kind,“and whether true 
to name or not as well as to determine those kinds 
which are identical although grown under different 
names. A selection of the earlier flowering types 
have been selected, and these are grown under the 
sectional name of Earliest-flowered Autumn Stocks. 
Carmine and Carmine Wallflower-leaved are both 
good kinds, the latter being distinguished by its 
smooth dark-green foliage. The former as well as 
Rose, Light Blue and White are all good kinds 
mostly flowering freely. The Dark Purple is not yet 
showing much flower; and the White is a rather 
tall kind. 
Intermediate varieties are pretty numerous, and 
although not yet flowering very much, they are 
sufficiently advanced to show their respective colours, 
size of flowers, and in some instances the percentage 
of doubles. So far the doubles are by a long way 
the most numerous. Carmine, Light Crimson, 
White and Scarlet are all very good sorts. Crimson 
is a very dwarf kind, but not much in flower yet. 
Here again the White sort is very tall. Dark Blue 
has violet-purple flowers. East Lothian Purple is 
very similar, if not identical with the last. East 
Lothian itself is of dwarf habit, with slightly paler 
flowers than Intermediate Scarlet. East Lothian 
Crimson is dwarf with long spikes but is not yet 
much in bloom; and the Blood-Red of the same 
strain is also good. The Emperor Stock is dwarf 
with large crimson flowers, but is not yet much 
in bloom. The Intermediate, East Lothian, and 
Emperor Whites are all very much alike and good. 
The large-flowered Emperor Stocks are a strain of 
large-flowered kinds in numerous colours such as 
crimson, blood-red, white, carmine, dark blood 
red, peach blossom, pale rosy purple shaded with 
white, dark purple and light blue. The Blood 
Red varieties are the darkest and of a fine, intense, 
crimson-red. Carmine is a remarkably dwarf variety, 
not yet in flower. There are two Wallflower-leaved 
varieties, namely, Scarlet and Sulphur Yellow; the 
foliage of the former is remarkable for its intensely 
dark shining green colour. The flower stems are 
twice as tall as the leaves and the flowers of an 
intense crimson-red colour. The Brompton New 
Giant White is not yet in bloom, but is remarkably 
for the enormous length of its leaves compared with; 
any of the above-mentioned varieties. 
