498 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
April 4, 1891. 
While easterly winds prevail, we must expect thrips 
and aphis, and give them as warm a reception as time 
and material at hand for their extermination will allow. 
All the shades should now be fixed, for those that 
have not hitherto been used will doubtless soon be 
required. 
Temperatures for April, East India house, 65° at 
night and 75° at noon ; Cattleya house, 60° at night, 
and 70° at noon ; cool house, 50° at night, and 
60° in the day. If the temperature has to be obtained 
by excessive firing through continued cold weather, 5° 
lower all round will be an advantage.—IE. P. 
The White-lipped Oncidium. 
The sepals and petals of Oncidium leucochilum vary 
considerably in colour, but the lip or the main body of 
it always opens white, although in the typical form it 
subsequently becomes yellowish as the flower gets old. 
The number of colours to be found in various com¬ 
binations in the different parts of the flower is notable ; 
but even these are variable in the different varieties of 
the species. The sepals and petals are similar in size, 
and in the more typical forms are greenish yellow, and 
barred transversely with brown or sometimes crimson. 
A specimen which has flowered at Tower House, 
Chiswick, evidently consists of pseudo-bulbs belonging 
to two different varieties, for the sepals and petals of 
one kind are wholly brown with yellow edges. The 
lip is three-lobed and white with the exception of some 
pale purple and yellow about the crest. Then the 
column is white and has its wings tinted with another 
shade of purple, and which in some varieties is very 
dark. The species is one of the finest of its class, and 
certainly deserves a place in collections by reason of its 
beauty. The flower scapes vary in length from 3 ft. 
to 10 ft., and give off lateral branches bearing flowers 
along the greater part of their length. The species is 
a native of Mexico and Guatemala, and flowers during 
the winter and spring months with us. 
Dendrobium speciosum. 
Many well-flowered plants of this grand Australian 
Dendrobe are to be met with this season, last autumn 
having been particularly favourable for the maturing of 
their pseudo-bulbs. The best flowered plant that I 
have seen was in the collection of J. Jarrett, Esq., Hatton 
House, Westgate-on-Sea, Thanet, carrying a huge 
raceme with 104 individual flowers, besides several 
others of smaller size. The sepals and petals were of 
ivory whiteness, and the lip beautifully interspersed 
with dark bars. Mr. Fairweather, who conducts the 
gardening operations with conspicuous ability, informed 
me that this plant had not bloomed for eleven years. 
He is proud of it, and so is his employer.— J. McNab. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
Carpet Bedding.— One in a Fix: A very simple plan and also 
effective, if properly carried out, would be to mark off a diamond- 
shaped patch in the very centre of your bed, and to put a 
smaller diamond in each of the four corners, making five in all. 
Every one should be placed at an equal distance apart from its 
neighbour, and a certain distance from the margin of the bed, so 
that all will lie isolated from one another in a groundwork of 
Mentha Pulegium gibraltarica. Fill the centre diamond with 
Iresine Wallisi ; the two smaller ones in the long angle of the 
bed with Mesembryanthemum eordifolium variegatum ; and the 
other two with Golden Feather. Surround all the five diamonds 
with Kleinia repens, and edge the bed itself with Echeveria 
secunda glauca. If the edges of the bed are raised, you may 
plant Sedum glaucum or Echeveria if you like on the slope. 
Cuttings of Pansies. — P. S. I.: We should advise you to use 
the autumn-struck cuttings of Pansies for filling your beds in 
preference to the old plants. Provided they are well rooted, it 
is of small consequence whether they are small or otherwise at 
this period of the year. They will soon commence to grow 
and flower, producing much larger blooms than you could get 
from old plants. Young pieces also present a better and 
healthier appearance all through the summer than would old 
pieces, however carefully transplanted. The latter may be dotted 
about the borders in any convenient spot where they can be 
accommodated, and may furnish some cuttings in autumn. 
Magnolia tripetala.— Enquirer : The Magnolia you speak of 
is more correctly named M. Umbrella. It is difficult to pro¬ 
pagate, as are several other kinds which have stout sub-fleshy 
stems containing a large amount of pith. For this reason they 
are difficult to graft successfully, and the few stumpy stems 
they make renders the operation of layering one not easily 
accomplished. If your plants are leggy it will be necessary 
to lift them or partly so before growth commences, so that they 
may be heeled over on t.lieir -sides till the branches come in 
contact with the soil, in which they may be layered. A more 
certain method of raising M. Umbrella, is to get seeds from its 
native habitats in America, or from France, or other parts of 
the Continent, where the seeds ripen. The seeds may be sown 
in pots and placed in a cool house to germinate, and afterwards 
transferred singly into pots when the leaves die down in autumn. 
The young plants may, after the second year’s growth, be trans¬ 
ferred to their permanent quarters from pots, as they are 
impatient of disturbance at the root. 
Moss on Apple Trees.— R. Wilson: You may get rid of the 
moss by giving the trees a good syringing with lime and water, 
using the coarse nozzle, or jet, and spreading the liquid by means 
of your finger. The moss will, however, grow again after a time 
unless other means are adopted to prevent it. We fancy your 
trees are growing in badly drained soil, or are otherwise starved 
and unhealthy. You should first ascertain whether the soil is in 
good condition, and afterwards assist the trees to make good 
growth, and thereby throw off their old bark, by giving a good 
mulching of half decayed farm-yard manure. 
Names of Plants. — Omega: 1 and 2 both apparently varie¬ 
ties of the Goat Willow (Salix eaprea). The other is Eupatorium 
riparian!. Kilmeng : Maxillaria picta. Nothing unusual in its 
flowering at this season. J.R.W.: Psycliotria jasminiflora, 
often called Gloneria jasminiflora. 
Communications Received. —Flos—J. D.—H. O.—S. Wilson 
—A-. Scott.—Caractacus.—H. M. E.—J. S.—W. S. O.—J. H.— 
A. M. G.—A. Irvine.—J. Miller. 
Masdevallia acrochordonia. 
Doubts have been raised from time to time concerning 
the difference between this Masdevallia and M. Ephip- 
pium, better known in 'gardens under the name of 
M. Trochilus. The two plants certainly approach each 
other very closely in certain particulars, but when 
M. acrochoidonia is obtained true, it is not difficult to 
find characters by which to distinguish it. The 
perianth tube is cylindrical, hut short ; the lateral 
sepals are greatly elongated, separate for about a third 
of their length at the apex, incurved at the sides, 
forming a boat-shaped piece, densely spotted with 
purple on a yellow ground, and ending in yellow tails 
3 ins. to 4 ins. long ; the upper sepal, on the contrary, 
is small, paler in colour, and also terminates in a long 
tail. Now, the lateral sepals of Ephippium are shorter, 
and so much infolded at the sides as to form a hemi¬ 
spherical cup of a deep chestnut-brown colour. Two 
or more flowers are produced in succession from the 
bracts at the top of the scape. The subject of this 
note we saw recently flowering in the nursery of 
Messrs. Hugh Low k Co., Clapton, E. 
Dendrobium Brymerianum. 
From the time of its introduction till now this singular¬ 
looking species continues to excite wonder in those who 
see it, owing to the length of the branching, tendril¬ 
like fringes around the margin of the labellum. The 
flowers are 3 ins. in diameter, and produced in few- 
flowered racemes from the side of the pseudo-bulbs. 
"When Eeichenbach first described it he said of the 
fringed lip that it gave “ a little shivering of fright to 
the describer, who is rather suspicious of the beautful 
plant, that has a strong tendency towards getting 
triandrous.” Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., of Clapton, 
were the first to introduce it from Burmah, in 1874, 
but they have introduced large quantities of it since 
then, and have a large stock of it at present. The 
plants keep up a succession of bloom during the spring 
months, and are then highly interesting, 
-- 
TKADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Stuart & Mein, Kelso, N.B.—Catalogue of Florists’Tulips, 
and other Bulbs. 
Fkf.d. W. Kelsey, 145, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.—Choice 
Hardy Trees, Shrubs, &c. 
Vilmorin-Andruux & Co., 4, Quai de la Megisserie, Paris. 
—Seeds of Hardy Trees and Shrubs, &c. 
Timothy Hopkins, Sherwood Hall Nurseries, Menlo Park, 
San Mateo County, California.—Roses and other Florists’ 
Flowers, Deciduous and Evergreen Trees, &c. 
P. B. O’Kelly, Ballyvaughan, co. Clare.—List of Native 
Evergreen Trees and Wild Flowers of Ireland. 
-- 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
April 1st. 
Vegetables.— Average Retail Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Artichokes, Globe.doz. 3 0 fi 0 
Asparagus ... .per 100 8 0 13 0 
Beans, French, per lb. 1 6 2 6 
Beet .per dozen 2 0 3 0 
Brussels Sprouts, lb. 0 G 
Cabbages_per doz. 2 6 4 0 
Carrots ... .per bunch 0 6 
Cauliflowers, English, 
per dozen 4 0 SO 
Celery .... per bundle 2 6 
Cucumbers ....each 0 6 0 9 
Endive, French, doz. 3 6 4 6 
s.d. s.d. 
Herbs ....per bunch 0 2 0 4 
Horse Radish, bundle 3 0 5 0 
Lettuces ..per dozen 3 6 4 6 
Mushrooms, p. basket 13 2 0 
Onions... .per bushel 5 0 6 0 
Parsley.... per bunch 0 6 
Radishes ..per dozen 1 6 
Sea Kale..per punnet 2 6 3 0 
Smallsaladmg,punnet 0 4 
Spinach, per strike ..36 
Tomatos _per lb. 1 0 16 
Turnips _per bun. 0 6 
Potatos. —Kent Regents, 80s. to 100s. per ton; Kent Kidneys, 
80s. to 100s. per ton ; Champions, 70s. per ton. 
Plants in Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Aralia Sieboldi ..doz. 6 0 18 0 
Azalea.per doz. 24 0 42 0 
Bouvardias ..perdoz. S 0 12 0 
Cineraria ... .per doz. 6 0 9 0 
Cyclamen ..per doz. 9 0 IS 0 
Cyperns ..per dozen 4 0 12 0 
Deutzia.per dozen 6 0 9 0 
Dielytra_per doz. 8 0 12 0 
Dracaena term., doz. 30 0 60 0 
— viridis .doz. 9 0 24 0 
Erica, various . ."’oz. 12 0 IS 0 
Evergreens,invar ,doz.6 0 24 0 
s.d. s.d. 
Ferns,invar.,perdoz. 4 0 IS 0 
Genista _per doz. S 0 12 0 
Hyacinths, .per doz. 6 0 9 0 
— Roman .. per doz. 
Marguerites per doz. 6 0 12 0 
Mignonette, per doz. 6 0 9 0 
Palms in variety, each 2 6 21 0 
Poinsettias.doz. 
Primula sinensis, doz. 4 0 CO 
Solanums ..per doz. S 0 12 0 
Spireae per dozen. 8 0 12 0 
Tulips .per doz. 6 0 9 0 
Roots,— In variety for bedding out, in boxes, Is. to 3s. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. s.d. 
Apples .. per J-sieve 16 6 0 
Cherries.J-sieve 
Currant, black, Asieve 
— red.J-sieve 
Grapes .per lb. 2 0 4 0 
s. d. s.d. 
Kent Cobs ...100 lbs. 40 0 
Nova Scotia Apples 18 0 30 0 
Pine-apples, Eng., lb. 
— St. Michaels, each 2 6 5 0 
Strawberries.. lb., 6s. 8 0 10 0 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d. 
Anemones, doz. bun. 2 0 4 0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blms ..3 0 6 0 
Azalea ....12 sprays 0 6 10 
Bouvardias. per bun. 10 16 
Camellias, White, 
12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
— Red_12 blooms 10 16 
Carnations, 12 blooms 10 2 0 
Cinerarias, doz. bchs. 6 0 12 0 
Daffodils ..doz. bun. 2 0 6 0 
Eucharis ..perdozen 4 0 6 0 
Freezias.. ..doz. bun. 3 0 6 0 
Gardenias. .12 blooms 2 0 6 0 
Heliotropes, 12 sprays 0 6 10 
Hyacinth, doz. sprays 3 0 4 0 
•— Foreign, doz. bchs. 12 0 18 0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 2 0 4 0 
Lilac, French, bunch 4 0 6 0 
Lily of the Valley, 
12 sprays 0 6 10 
MaidenhairFern,12bns.4 0 9 0 
Marguerites, 12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
Mignonette ..12 bun. 3 0 6 0 
s.d. s d. 
Mimosa (French) bun. 10 2 0 
Myosotis. .per basket 4 0 6 0 
Pelargoniums,12spys. 10 16 
— scarlet ..12sprays 0 6 0 9 
Narciss, various, 
(French) doz. bchs. 3 0 GO 
-(English), bun.'O 6 0 9 
Spiriea, dozen bunches 6 0 9 0 
Primula, double, bun. 0 6 10 
Primroses, doz. bchs. 10 2 0 
Pyrethrum, doz. bchs. 2 0 4 o 
Roses, yellow, per doz. 3 0 6 0 
— Tea_per dozen 10 3 0 
— Red.per doz. 2 0 6 0 
— Saffrano ..per doz. 2 0 2 6 
Snowdrops, doz. bchs. 10 3 0 
Tuberoses, per dozen. 16 2 0 
Tulips .. doz. blooms 0 9 16 
Violets (Fnch.).Parme 
per bunch 2 6 4 0 
-dark . 16 2 6 
— English, .doz. bun. 10 16 
Wallflowers, doz. bun. 2 0 4 0 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Alpine Plants. 491 
Amaryllis at Chelsea.493 
Amateurs’ Garden. 494 
Arum palestinum . 497 
Auricula, the . 492 
Autumnal Roses. 490 
Azalea mollis fl. pi.497 
Catalogue, a novel. 490 
Cedar and plant names.... 491 
Clivia, Prince of Orange .. 497 
Dahlia Show at Sydney .. 492 
Dendrobium Brymerianum 498 
Dendrobium speciosum .. 49S 
Electric light on plants .. 496 
Florists’ Flowers . 489 
Gardening, essential aids 
to successful . 494 
Hardy Bulbs and Plants.. 495 
PAGE 
Hardy flowers from Lines. 497 
Hippeastrums, new. 493 
Insectivorous Plants.491 
Iris caucasica. 497 
March winds ... 4S9 
Masdevallia acrochordonia 49S 
Melon Pear, the. 495 
Oak, the Lucombe. 490 
Oncidium, the white-lipped 498 
Orchid-Growers Calendar 497 
Ozone and plants . 491 
Peach culture 200 years ago 496 
Saxifraga Boydi. 497 
Shortia galacifolia.. 497 
Snowflakes . 495 
Spiriea for forcing. 497 
Trial of Spraying Machines 494 
Vine, a tuberous rooted .. 491 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. page 
Protheroe & Morris . 4S6 
J. C. Stevens . 4 Sd 
Bedding Plants. 
H. English . 4S7 
A. Irvine . 4SS 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 4S5 
S. Shepperson . 4S7 
Turner & Son . 4S5 
T. S. Ware . 487 
Bulbs. 
J. Carter & Co. 489 
Kelway & Son. 4S8 
R. Smith & Co. 4S3 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Son . 4S5 
M. Campbell . 4S5 
Dobbie & Co. 4S5 
J. Peed & Sons . 4S5 
Sutton & Sons . 4S5 
T. S. Ware . 4S7 
Chrysanthemums. 
J. Carter & Co. 4S9 
W. Etherington . 4S5 
H. J, Jones. 4SS 
R. Owen . 4S5 
Pitcher & Manda . 4SS 
S. Shepperson. 4S7 
Climbers. 
R. Neal.. 4S8 
R. Smith & Co. 4SS 
T. S. Ware . 4S7 
Cut Flowers. 
H. English . 4S7 
Ferns. 
W. & J. Birkenhead. 4S9 
H. English . 4S7 
R. Holmes . 4S5 
P. B. O ’Kelly. 4S5 
J. Smith . 4S5 
Florists’ Flowers. 
B. R. Davis. 4S5 
H. English . 4S7 
J. Farmer. 4SS 
Humphries . 4SS 
J. Laing & Sons. 4S5 
R. B. Laird & Sons . 4S5 
A. Lister . 4SS 
R. Owen . 485 
T. S. Ware . 4S7 
Fruit Trees, &e. 
R. Smith & Co. 4SS 
Fruit Trees and Roses. 
R. Neal. 4SS 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold. 4S6 
F. Ceat-on. 4S5 
H. J. Gasson . 4S6 
J. T. Greenrod & Son .. 4S6 
Horticultural & Agricul¬ 
tural Chemical Co. ... 499 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst .. 486 
W. Pen Dennis . 4S6 
A. Potter. 499 
Sankey & Son. 499 
Stott Co.4S6 
T. Walker.’ 4S5 
B. S. Williams & Sou ... 489 
Hardy Plants. 
Barr & Son . 4S5 
II. English . 4S7 
Kelway & Sou. 4SS 
T. S. Ware . 4$7 
PAGE 
Heating Apparatus. 
W. Cooper . 4SS 
Thames Bank Iron Co.... 4g5 
C. Toope & Son .. 4S6 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons . 485 
"W. Clark.. 4S5 
W. Cooper . 4S6 
C. Frazer's Exors. 499 
J. Gray. 4S5 
Hayward . 4S5 
Mellowes & Co. 4S5 
A. Peel & Sons . 4S5 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 4S5 
J. Weeks & Co. 4S5 
Insecticides. 
J. Bentley. 4S6 
Blundell, Spence & Co. 499 
Bridgford’s Antiseptic ... 4S5 
Gishurst Compound ...... 4S5 
H. Kendall. 485 
Slugicide . 4S5 
W. C. Lee. 4S6 
Lawn Mowers. 
Follows & Bates. 4SS 
Ransomes, Sims, & Jef¬ 
feries . 499 
Manures. 
W. H. Beeson. 4S5 
S. C. Clay. 486 
Native Guano Co. 499 
Standen's. 485 
W. Thomson & Sons. 4S5 
Miscellaneous. 
Epps’ Cocoa. 499 
Gishurstine. 4S5 
A. Outram . 499 
Smyth's Orchid Baskets. 4S5 
Mushrooms. 
W. Cutbush & Son . 4SS 
Orchids. 
Liverpool Hortieultrl.Co 4S6 
P. McArthur . 4S5 
Roses. 
H. English . 4S5 
W. Rumsey. 4S5 
R. Smith & Co. 4SS 
T. S, Ware . 4S7 
Seeds. 
Barr & Son . 4S5 
J. Carter & Co. 4SS 
B. L. Coleman . 4S5 
R. Dean . 4S5 
J. Forbes. 4SS 
B. Hartland. 485 
J. Laing & Sons.. 485 
J. Peed & Sons . 4S5 
Sutton & Sons. 4S5 
R. H. Yertegans & Co.... 4S9 
J. Watkins . 486 
Webb & Sons . 489 
Stove and Greenhouse 
Plants. 
H. English . 4S5 
H. G. Smyth . 4S5 
Strawberry Plants. 
S. Shepperson. 487 
Trees. 
R. Neal. 4SS 
R. H. Yertegans & Co.... 4S8 
Vines. 
J. Peed & Sons . 485 
